Guizhou Institute of Technology

Understanding the characteristics of plant diversity and its relationship with the soil environment in urban remnant habitats before and after their transformation into parks is of great significance for strengthening urban biodiversity conservation. To investigate the changes in plant diversity characteristics and their relationship with the soil environment following the transformation of urban remnant natural mountains (URNM) into urban remnant mountain parks (URMP), we conducted a study in the urban area of Guiyang City, China. We sampled 90 plots across five typical URNM and five typical URMP. Plant diversity and its relationship with soil properties were evaluated using four taxonomic diversity indices and 9 soil physicochemical properties. The results showed that URNM exhibited higher plant diversity and richer species richness compared to URMP. In URNM, plant survival conditions deteriorate with the elevation of slope position, resulting in the highest plant diversity at lower slopes and the lowest at upper slopes. However, intense human disturbances lead to the opposite pattern in URMP. Additionally, soil bulk density, total phosphorus, and total potassium (TK) were found to be higher in URMP than in URNM. C/N, C/P, and soil organic carbon were identified as the main factors influencing plant diversity in URNM, with explanatory rates of 20.1%, 15.4%, and 8.6%, respectively. In URMP, TK was the most significant factor, explaining over 55.9% of plant diversity. These findings indicate that the transformation of karst urban remnant mountains into parks leads to a simplification of plant species composition and a reduction in plant diversity. This process also alters the characteristics of soil environmental factors and their relationship with plant diversity. These changes highlight the need for careful management strategies in urban park development to mitigate biodiversity loss and maintain soil health, which are crucial for the sustainability of urban ecosystems.

The thermal conductivity of polymer composite is often constrained by the discontinuous structure of filler networks within the matrix and the high thermal contact resistance at filler interfaces. In response to these limitations, this study proposes a novel method for reducing interfacial thermal resistance by creating silver nanoparticle “bridges” through the deposition of silver onto filler surfaces. In this work, boron nitride (BN) hybrids modified with silver nanoparticles (BN‐Ag) were synthesized via the in situ reduction of silver ions. A continuous BN‐Ag framework was constructed using a sacrificial template method, followed by the infiltration of epoxy resin to produce an epoxy resin composite. At a filler content of 42.8%, the thermal conductivity of the composite increased from 1.36 Wm⁻¹ K⁻¹ for BN fillers to 2.57 Wm⁻¹ K⁻¹ for Ag nanoparticle‐modified BN fillers, representing an improvement of 89%. The Foygel model was employed to fit the thermal conductivity data, revealing that the incorporation of silver nanoparticles effectively reduced the contact thermal resistance between fillers. Furthermore, the electrical insulating properties of the composite were preserved, making this design approach highly promising for the development of thermally conductive and electrically insulating polymer composites suitable for electronic applications.

Energy generation, which promotes a nation's economic stability and advancement, is one of the most significant facets of modern society. Recent years have seen significant advancements in energy conversion and storage technology, particularly in mobile gadgets and electric vehicles. Lithium-ion batteries are utilized in energy storage and electric vehicles because of their low self-discharge rates, long cycle life, and high energy density. Therefore, precise evaluations of battery conditions are necessary for safe operation. This study proposes a hybrid model based on the Bidirectional Gated Recurrent Unit (Bi-GRU) with the Giant Trevally Optimizer (GTO) for state of health (SOH) prediction, which will help in improving the predictive accuracy. In the estimation of SOH, some key features of charge-discharge cycle characteristics are used based on the NASA lithium-ion battery dataset. The proposed GTO-Bi-GRU model outperforms Long Short-Term Memory (LSTM) and Gated Recurrent Unit (GRU) models by incorporating the bidirectional learning abilities of Bi-GRU, which captures the complex trend in battery degradation more effectively. Meanwhile, GTO performs the hyperparameter tuning optimally, outperforming classical optimization techniques such as particle swarm optimization (PSO), genetic algorithm (GA), and Cuckoo search algorithm (CS). This comparative study demonstrates that GTO-Bi-GRU achieves the highest prediction accuracy among all with coefficients of determination values of 0.9969, 0.9917, 0.9948, and 0.9882 on B5, B6, B7, and B18 battery cells. These results depict that GTO-Bi-GRU outperforms PSO-Bi-GRU, GA-Bi-GRU, and CS-Bi-GRU by a great margin, hence establishing it as a very effective model for SOH estimation. The results prove that GTO-Bi-GRU is robust enough and scalable for battery health monitoring applications in electric vehicles.

Introduction Industrial activities have contributed to ecological acidification and pollution, creating conditions that accelerate material corrosion. Anticorrosion coatings (which are easy to apply) can be used to form a protective barrier on metallic surfaces. They physically or chemically impede corrosive reactions and reduce corrosion rates, making them commonly used in the field of metal corrosion prevention. Methods Binary TiO2/PANI composite materials were synthesized via in-situ oxidative polymerization. Then, the titanium dioxide /Pani composite was stirred by adding organic matter and a curing agent. The Q235 carbon steel was pretreated. The photocurrent density time (I-T) and open circuit potential time (OCP-T) curves of different composite coatings were measured by an electrochemical workstation and electrochemical analyzer. Results and Discussion Based on analysis of the photocurrent-time and photovoltage- time curves, the TiO2/PANI-3 composite coating exhibited the best photoelectrochemical cathodic protection performance for Q235 carbon steel in this experiment. Additionally, TiO2/PANI nanocomposites, when added as functional fillers to the EP resin, enhanced the protective performance of the EP coating on the Q235 carbon steel substrate, regardless of the light exposure. Conclusion These findings highlight the beneficial effects of the TiO2/PANI composite nanoparticles in enhancing both the photoelectrochemical properties and corrosion resistance of EP coatings on Q235 carbon steel surfaces.

Insect metamorphosis is a complex developmental process regulated by microRNAs (miRNAs) and hormonal signaling pathways. Key genes driving insect ontogenic changes are precisely modulated by miRNAs, which interact with 20‐hydroxyecdysone (20E) and juvenile hormone (JH) to coordinate developmental transitions. Over the past decade, significant progress has been made in understanding miRNA biogenesis, their regulatory roles in gene expression, and their involvement in critical biological processes, including metamorphosis and chitin metabolism. miRNAs are now recognized as essential regulators of chitin metabolism and hormonal signaling, ensuring precise control of insect development. Disrupting the expression of participating genes in hormone signaling pathways through miRNAs leads to aberrant metamorphosis and consequent lethal outcomes, highlighting their potential as targets for pest control. This review summarizes current advances in miRNA‐mediated regulation of insect metamorphosis and chitin metabolism, with a focus on their interactions with 20E and JH signaling pathways. By integrating recent findings, we provide insights into the molecular mechanisms underlying miRNA function in developmental transitions and their potential applications in insect pest management strategies. © 2025 Society of Chemical Industry.

This study documents the morphology and phylogeny of micro-fungi collected from various medicinal plants in southern China and northern Thailand. Based on morphological characteristics and phylogenetic analyses, 99 species were identified, classified within one phylum (Ascomycota), spanning three classes (Dothideomycetes, Leotiomycetes and Sordariomycetes), 16 orders, 36 families and 67 genera. We introduce one new order, Oncopodiellales, two new families, Catenuliconidiaceae and Oncopodiellaceae, one new genus, Biascospora, and 48 new species: Achroiostachys brunnea, A. catenata, Amphisphaeria hibiscicola, Apiculospora thailandensis, Arecophila maolanensis, A. yunnanensis, Barriopsis caryotae, Biascospora chishuiensis, Conioscypha synnemata, Diaporthe ervatamiae, D. kunmingensis, D. tuchungicola, Dictyocheirospora xishuiensis, Diplocladiella hainanensis, Distoseptispora gelatinosa, D. olivaceoviridis, Gregatothecium diflugossae, Helicosporium multiseptatum, Helminthosporium thailandicum, Kalmusia tetrastigmae, Keissleriella yunnanensis, Lasiodiplodia houttuyniae, L. liliacearum, Leptospora houttuyniae, Lophiotrema asexuale, L. guizhouense, Melanopsamma tongrenensis, Memnoniella chiangmaiensis, Murichromolaenicola dendrobii, Heleiosa brunnea, Neohelicascus guizhouensis, Neohelicomyces sexualis, Neohendersonia tongrenensis, Neomassaria fibraureae, Neoscytalidium dendrobii, Parabahusutrabeeja hyalina, Paramyrothecium xishuiense, Phaeosphaeria boehmeriae, P. guiyangensis, Phaeosphaeriopsis oblongispora, Psiloglonium bambusicola, P. brunneum, P. guizhouense, Roussoella panzhouensis, Seriascoma guizhouense, Striaticonidium olivaceobrunneum, Vamsapriya chiangraiensis and Virgatospora thailandica, with illustrations, discussions of their taxonomic placement, and comparisons with morphologically similar taxa. Twelve new combinations are introduced: Conioscypha chiangmaiensis (≡ Vanakripa chiangmaiensis), C. minutiellipsoidea (≡ Vanakripa minutiellipsoidea), Conioscypha obovoidea (≡ Vanakripa obovoidea), Heleiosa guizhouensis (≡ Neoheleiosa guizhouensis), H. lincangensis (≡ Neoheleiosa lincangensis), Keissleriella acaciae (≡ Pleurophoma acaciae), K. italicum (≡ Pleurophoma italica), K. ossicula (≡ Pleurophoma ossicola), K. pleurospora (≡ Phoma pleurospora), Phaeosphaeria brachylaenae (≡ Didymocyrtis brachylaenae), P. pini (≡ Didymocyrtis pini) and P. septata (≡ Didymocyrtis septata). Additionally, we report 34 new host records from medicinal plants and seven new geographical records for China and Thailand. We also resolved inter-generic synonymy for two species. A reference specimen is designated for Diplocladiella taurina. Detailed descriptions and illustrations of all these taxa are provided.

The stability of landscapes on sloping land forms the foundation for ecological protection and sustainable development in mountainous regions. However, with the intensification of human activities, particularly in the complex mountainous areas of southwest China, the landscape patterns on sloping land have been severely disrupted. This study examines the spatiotemporal changes in landscape disturbance intensity on sloping land in Guiyang and their impact on ecosystem services. The findings show that, over the past 20 years, the overall landscape disturbance intensity has generally decreased, particularly between 2000 and 2010. However, disturbance intensity has increased in certain gradient zones, such as areas with slopes between 20–25 degrees. Meanwhile, ecosystem services have generally declined, especially in water yield and crop production, while carbon stock has slightly increased. The study reveals a significant spatial correlation between landscape disturbance intensity and ecosystem services, with varying relationships across different services. It emphasises the profound impact of human activities on landscape stability and ecosystem services, particularly in areas with steeper slopes. The contribution of this research lies in providing a scientific basis for sustainable landscape management and ecosystem service conservation in mountainous areas, highlighting the importance of mitigating human disturbance and strengthening ecological restoration.

Leaf abscission of Cyclocarya paliurus stem segments in vitro is very serious, and more than 90% of the leaves gradually fall off with prolonged culture time, which hinders breeding. This study investigated the molecular mechanism of leaf abscission. The emerged leaves of C. paliurus stem segments were cultured for 22 days (T0) in vitro; leaves at 27 days (T1) and leaves that had fallen after ≥ 32 days (T2) were used as materials for analysis of the physiological characteristics and transcriptome data. During the leaf abscission process of C. paliurus, the Indole-3-acetic acid (IAA) content gradually decreased, whereas the carotenoid, 1-aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylic acid (ACC) and lignin contents and pectinase and cellulase activities significantly increased; 1807 and 10,908 DEGs were obtained in T0 vs T1 and T1 vs T2, respectively. The plant hormone signal transduction pathway, phenylpropanoid biosynthesis pathway and flavonoid biosynthesis pathway were significantly enriched in the KEGG metabolic pathway analysis. The differential expression of related genes affected AUX and Ethylene (ETH) biosynthesis and signal transduction, lignin synthesis, ROS metabolism, leaf color changes. Weighted gene coexpression network analysis (WGCNA) identified 10 hub genes (U-box protein, ERF5, ERF109, ERF4, SAUR36, CML19, MYC2-like,SPHK1, TOE3, POD55) that interact to activate abscission signaling, which subsequently influences the genes expression involved in the biosynthesis and signal transduction of auxin and ethylene; this resulted in an imbalance of endogenous hormone levels in the leaves, leading to the upregulation of pectinase, cellulase, and lignin biosynthesis genes and acceleration of the rupture of the abscission zone (AZ) cell and vascular cell wall, which ultimately led to leaf abscission. The present study illustrates a regulatory mechanism of leaf abscission of C. paliurus stem segments in vitro, which provides potential application value for guiding the inhibition of leaf abscission in vitro.

Red mud (RM), a solid waste byproduct of the alumina industry, has accumulated in significant global stockpiles. Currently, the primary application of RM involves magnetic separation to recover iron oxides, while the residual RM is predominantly landfilled. Due to its strong alkalinity, RM can serve as a substitute for strong alkalis or sodium salts in the alkali activation of concrete, thereby accelerating setting time and improving early-age strength. Building on this property, this study designs and develops an RM based rapid setting filling support material, primarily composed of RM, which features rapid setting and high early strength. This material is intended as a substitute for high-water-content materials in gob-side entry retaining for coal mining. Experimental results demonstrate that when RM content reaches 70% and cement content is 10%, the Rapid-Setting Filling Support Material (RSM) achieves satisfactory compressive strength and initial setting time, coupled with excellent economic performance. The compressive strengths at 1 day, 3 days, 7 days, and 28 days are 6.12 MPa, 8.97 MPa, 11.25 MPa, and 12.33 MPa, respectively, meeting all requirements specified in the 'Technical Requirements for Roadside Bag Filling for Gob-side Entry Retaining with High-Water Material' (GB/T 39336-2020). The RSM also exhibits good durability, with primary hydration products including C–S–H gel, ettringite, and calcium carbonate, all of which contribute to strength development. Leaching tests reveal that heavy metal ion concentrations in the RSM leachate comply with integrated emission standards for Class III groundwater and wastewater, confirming its safe application. Considering the annual increase of approximately 13,000 km in roadway length for coal mining in China, the demand for filling and support materials is substantial. Consequently, the findings of this study hold significant economic and environmental value, with the potential to promote green mining practices and the circular economy.

The development of biomimetic cartilage constructs (BCCs) with natural extracellular matrix (ECM) microenvironments and topological cues to accelerate the reconstruction of natural articular cartilage (NAC) after injury is challenging due to its complex structure, low cellular content, and less vascularity. Inspired by concrete rebar structure, a biomimetic cartilage named “biological reinforced concrete” is fabricated, with collagen fiber orientation transitioning from parallel to perpendicular, replicating the ECM microenvironments and complex construct of NAC. 3D‐printed ultrafine fiber networks (UFNs) served as a degradable “biorebars”, while a hybrid biohydrogel acted as “biocement”. The stem cells are utilized as “bioactive aggregates”. The biocement is developed by combining and screening various biohydrogels to mimic an ECM microenvironment conducive to the formation of NAC. By adjusting the fiber scale and spacing of the UFNs, the mechanical properties of the biomimetic cartilages are controlled to resemble those of NAC. Additionally, the UFNs guided the directed growth of cells and the orderly secretion of ECM. Subsequently, the developed BCCs are implanted into an osteochondral defect, and after 4 months, they successfully reconstructed the complex structure of cartilage with mechanical properties closely resembling those of NAC. The biological reinforced concrete offers a customizable and universal strategy for tissue regeneration.

The sustainable management of water resources is a critical global challenge, with advanced oxidation processes emerging as a promising solution for addressing environmental water pollution. However, the clear trade‐off between catalytic activity and stability in existing environmental catalysts hinders their broader application. In this study, a nanocrystalline/amorphous (N/A) microwire catalyst is developed, featuring a design that regulates nanocrystal size while preserving a pure amorphous matrix. Unlike brittle annealed N/A microwires subjected to structural relaxation, the as‐cast N/A microwires demonstrate outstanding catalytic performance for advanced oxidation. They can completely degrade pollutants within 60 s and maintain their activity for up to 40 reuse cycles. Theoretical calculations and material characterizations reveal that the exceptional properties of the as‐cast N/A microwires arise from the combined effects of residual stresses stored in the amorphous matrix and the synergistic effect between nanocrystals and amorphous phases. Moreover, the optimally sized nanocrystalline phase optimizes the atomic arrangement and induces an atomic structure with a low atomic coordination number, providing abundant active sites. This design also enhances the adsorption characteristics of persulfate and accelerates electron transfer. These findings offer a novel design framework for developing efficient and stable catalysts for wastewater treatment.

Predictive health management (PHM) plays a pivotal role in the maintenance of contemporary industrial systems, with the evaluation of the state of health (SOH) and the prediction of remaining useful life (RUL) constituting its central objectives. Nevertheless, existing studies frequently approach these tasks in isolation, overlooking their interdependence, and predominantly concentrate on single-condition settings. While Transformers have demonstrated exceptional performance in RUL prediction, their substantial parameter requirements pose challenges to computational efficiency and practical implementation. Further, multi-task learning (MTL) models often experience performance deterioration as a result of imbalanced weighting in their loss functions. To address these challenges, the MID-1DC+LRT model was proposed in the present study. The proposed model integrates a multi-input data 1D convolutional neural network (1D-CNN) and low-rank transformer (LRT) within an MTL framework. This model processes high-dimensional sensor data, multi-condition data, and health indicator data, optimizing the Transformer structure to reduce computational complexity. A homoscedastic uncertainty-based method dynamically adjusts multi-task loss function weights, improving task collaboration and model generalization. The results demonstrate that the proposed model significantly outperformed existing methods in SOH assessment and RUL prediction under multi-condition scenarios, demonstrating superior prediction accuracy and computational efficiency, especially in complex and dynamic environments.

This study focuses on preparing composite hierarchical porous carbon nanofiber film that includes ZnO and MnO2. Using electrospinning technology, hierarchical porous structure was introduced into the nanofibers, enhancing energy density through the synergistic effect of zinc oxide and manganese dioxide. The zinc-manganese dioxide co-modified hierarchical porous carbon nanofiber film (ZnMnO-HPC) exhibits outstanding electrochemical performance when used as supercapacitor electrode, with a specific capacity reaching 401.77 C/g at 0.5 A/g, and 201.29 C/g at high current density of 5 A/g. ZnMnO-HPC also exhibits remarkable energy density when assembled with activated carbon electrode into asymmetric capacitor, reaching 38.37 Wh/kg at a power density of 407 W/kg and 19.5 Wh/kg at a power density of 12,800 W/kg, indicating promising applications in the high-energy-density supercapacitor field.

We employed the CST Microwave Studio software 2020 and the FDID algorithm for simulation. We have designed a terahertz broadband absorber based on Dirac semimetals and graphene, achieving continuous broadband absorption with a rate exceeding 80% over the range from 7.6776 to 9.172 THz. This broadband absorber features two independent tuning modes, utilizing graphene and Dirac semimetals, and exhibits strong electromagnetic adaptability. Furthermore, we conducted an in-depth analysis of the physical mechanisms underlying the high absorption in these absorbers using impedance matching theory and localized surface plasmon resonance (LSPR) theory. Variations in the dielectric constants of different dielectric layers and the relaxation time of graphene can also modulate the absorption rate. In summary, our proposed terahertz broadband absorber, employing two distinct tunable materials, enhances the device’s flexibility and environmental adaptability, offering promising prospects for wideband absorption applications.

Cutting fluid has been widely used to enhance the heat dissipation of cutting systems. However, whether cutting fluid can fully play its role is closely correlated with its thermophysical characteristics, such as viscosity, surface tension, etc. In this work, to study the effect of the thermophysical characteristics of cutting fluid on cutting performance, three green vegetable oils (semi-synthetic fluid (L1), rapeseed oil (L2), canola oil (L3)) were selected as cutting fluids of the MQL system, and differences in cutting performance were compared and analyzed under varied lubrication environments. Firstly, the thermophysical characteristics of the vegetable oils were determined by experimental methods. Afterwards, parameters, including tool wear, cutting force, and temperature, as well as the quality of machined workpieces, were selected to evaluate cutting performance, and essential reasons for the difference in cutting performance under varied lubrication environments were clarified. The results demonstrated that the cutting force, cutting temperature, and tool wear produced in the three MQL environments were lower than those in the dry cutting environment, while only the L1 and L2 MQL environments exhibited higher machined surface quality than the dry cutting environment. Moreover, obvious differences in cutting performance under the three MQL environments were also observed due to the different thermophysical characteristics of the three vegetable oils. The best cutting performance was achieved when L2 was used as the MQL cutting fluid. The efforts of this study will give an important reference for the choosing of green cutting fluid in the cutting process of difficult-to-cut materials and be of great significance for accelerating the development of green processing.

Pedestrian detection in coal mines is crucial for video surveillance systems. Limited computational resources pose challenges to deploying large models, affecting detection efficiency. To address this, we propose a lightweight pedestrian in coal mine detector with multi-level feature fusion. Our approach integrates the backbone network with coordinate attention, introducing a bidirectional feature pyramid network and a thin neck technique to enhance multi-scale detection capability while reducing computational load. We also employ regression loss with a dynamic focus mechanism for bounding box regression to minimize model errors. The Linkage Channel Pruning method enforces channel-level sparsity on the designed detector to achieve network slimming and secondary lightweight development. Results on a proprietary dataset demonstrate our method’s parameters (0.61 M), computational load (2.0 GFLOPs), model size (1.48 MB), detection accuracy (0.966), and inference time (2.1 ms). Compared to the baseline, our method achieves a 4.96 × reduction in parameters, a 4.05 × reduction in computational load, a 4.02 × reduction in model size, a 59.62% reduction in inference time, and a 1.2% accuracy improvement. Experimental validation on proprietary and public datasets confirms that our method exhibits state-of-the-art lightweight performance, accuracy, and real-time capability, demonstrating significant potential in practical engineering applications. The insights gained provide technical references and real-time accident prevention for coal mine video surveillance systems.

Erioscyphella is found across various regions and is part of the family Lachnaceae (Helotiales). It is distinguished by its white to orange disc-shaped apothecia, white to brown receptacles, and granulated hairs that contain amorphous or resinous material. These hairs lack swelling apices and crystals. Additionally, this genus is unique for its long ascospores. In the present study, we collected eight specimens from southwestern China. Morphological and phylogenetic analyses based on the combined LSU, ITS, mtSSU and RPB2 dataset showed that our specimens represent four new species of Erioscyphella, including E. ailaoensis, E. baimana, E. gelangheica and E. tengyueica. Here, we provide complete morphological descriptions with illustrations and sequence data essential for future taxonomic and evolutionary research.

A derivative based on 9,10‐dihydro‐9‐oxa‐10‐phosphaphenanthrene‐10‐oxide and maleimide units with terminal hydroxyl group (DH) was synthesized and incorporated in poly(lactic acid) (PLA). The properties and mechanism of PLA/DH composites were investigated. The results showed that PLA composites under 10 wt% DH load achieved vertical combustion test (UL‐94) V‐0 rating with an increased limiting oxygen index (LOI) of 27.2% and a 15.8% decrease in peak heat release rate. The prominent flame retardant efficiency of DH in PLA was attributed to its excellent flame inhibition and diluting effects in gaseous phase as well as a certain cross‐linked structure in the condensed phase. Specifically, the elongation at break of PLA/DH‐7.5 was increased by 17.6% in comparison to that of pure PLA. DH with terminal hydroxyl group displayed enhanced interaction and good compatibility with PLA, thus endowing good comprehensive performances to PLA. As a result, the combination of phosphaphenanthrene and maleimide units with terminal hydroxyl group provides a facile and effective method to improve the flame retardancy and mechanical properties of PLA.