Recent publications
Meta-heuristic algorithms have emerged as powerful tools in solving complex optimization problems integrated in software-defined networks (SDN). SDNs offer effective network management based on the separation of control and data planes, yet the problem arises in assuring reliability under dynamic traffic conditions. To address this issue, there exist two reliability frameworks that embed different hybrid meta-heuristic algorithms, the Taylor Aquila and the Aquila Wild Geese algorithms. The framework intends to improve traffic classification and ensure cluster-based multipath routing with fault tolerance and adaptation to dynamic environments. It compares both the frameworks in terms of delay and throughput for 100 nodes. The simulation showed that both algorithms improved network reliability. However, despite having similar working phases, it tends to favor the Aquila Wild Geese-based framework over the Taylor Aquila-based framework in terms of delay and throughput. The compared analyses show that the superiority of hybrid approaches has better performance and scalability for SDN. This work thus points to the capability of hybrid meta-heuristics in tackling the dynamic challenges posed by SDNs. Still, it points to further research in terms of real-world implementation and scalability.
Objective of the paper is to investigate the motion of an unsteady free convective MHD flow of a micro‐polar fluid over semi‐infinite vertically moving porous plate in the presence of chemical reaction and thermal radiation. A transverse magnetic field is applied, assuming a low magnetic Reynolds number. We have discussed the effects of heat radiation due to a heat source and first order chemical reaction within the medium. The perturbation method is applied to solve the nonlinear coupled partial differential equations in their dimensionless form, converting them into a system of ordinary differential equations, which are then solved analytically. The effects of magnetic field, medium permeability, buoyancy force, heat source, concentration gradient, Prandtl number, thermal diffusion, heat radiation, and first order chemical reaction on velocity, temperature and concentration are discussed graphically. The graphical representations are generated using MATLAB software. For engineering interest, their effects on skin friction, heat and mass transfer in terms of Nusselt number and Sherwood number are discussed; numerical values are shown in tabular form. The results show that magnetic fields reduce fluid velocity, while thermal radiation decreases temperature, and chemical reactions lower concentration. Radiation increases skin friction and heat transfer, while chemical reactions reduce mass transfer. Findings have relevance in various problems and situations arising with micro‐polar fluidic devices, industrial like petroleum and lubrication, mixing etc.
Background
The current research aims to explore the correlation between academic procrastination and students’ academic achievementand to examine the impact of academic procrastination on academic performance. This study addresses the challenges linked to delaying or avoiding academic tasks, which have the potential to negatively affect students’ success in their academic pursuits.
Materials and Methods
The present research adopts a descriptive survey design and focuses on postgraduate students from Gauhati University (Session: 2022–2023). The study sample comprises 235 postgraduate students, consisting of 117 males and 118 females, and is further categorized into 115 Arts and 120 Science students. The selection of participants was done with the help of the stratified random sampling technique. The tool employed for the data collection was a self-designed scale specifically created for assessing the academic procrastination of postgraduate students. Statistical analyses were conducted to assess the null hypotheses associated with the various objectives of the study. The tests employed included Chisquare, Pearson coefficient of correlation, and regression analysis.
Results
According to the current study, almost all the students procrastinate academically; the only difference is that some procrastinate more, while some procrastinate less, and gender and stream of education do not influence in the level of procrastination. It is also found through the current study that academic procrastination and academic achievement have a negative but significant relationship, which indicates that when there is an increase in academic procrastination, there is a low academic achievement and vice versa.
Conclusion
Academic procrastination and academic achievement have a negative but significant relationship, and academic procrastination is significantly influenced by academic achievement of students. Therefore, measures should be taken to solve the problem of academic procrastination.
The present paper studies the formation and characteristics of dust-ion-acoustic solitary waves of small amplitude in a multi-component warm magnetized plasma having inertial positive and negative ions together with negatively charged static dusts under the influences of inertial elections, considering a three-dimensional fluid dynamical model with the Poisson equation. We consider a uniform external magnetic field along the z-direction, and the wave propagation occurs obliquely to the direction of the magnetic field. Precisely, the reductive perturbation method is applied to derive the Korteweg-de Vries equations and obtained the solitary wave solution to investigate the variations in wave nature caused by different physical parameters. This theoretical study shows the coexistence of compressive and rarefactive dust-ion-acoustic solitons in the plasma. Depending on Q (=negative-to-positive ion mass ratio) and various ion temperatures, compressive solitons for and rarefactive solitons for are shown to exist. Additionally, the domination of different physical parameters of our plasma on the propagation of oblique dust-ion-acoustic solitary waves is numerically analyzed within the paper. The present study might be helpful for better understanding the propagation of nonlinear electrostatic waves in laboratory and space plasma environments.
In this work, it is shown that electrostatic solitons in a plasma with turbulent heating of the electrons through an accelerating electric field can form with very high velocities, reaching up to several order of magnitudes larger than the equilibrium ion-sound speed. The possible parameter regime, where this work may be relevant, can be found in the so-called dead zones of a protoplanetary disk. Though these zones are stable to magnetorotational instability, the resultant turbulence can in fact heat the electrons making them follow a highly non-Maxwellian velocity distribution. We show that these fast-moving solitons can reach very high velocities. With electron velocity distribution described by the Davydov distribution function, we argue that these solitons can be an effective mechanism for energy equilibration in such a situation through soliton decay and radiation.
The estimation of glucose is important for managing health conditions, like diabetes and supporting advancements in non-invasive diagnostic tools. The propose work introduces a simple, fast, reliable, and cost-effective vision-based colorimetric method for detection of enzymatic glucose by using a Raspberry Pi. Unlike traditional methods, which often require invasive procedures, complex equipment, or expert intervention, the proposed approach leverages image processing and open-source computing to provide a non-invasive, portable, and efficient solution. The concentration of sample solutions varying from 0.02 M to 1.20 M is prepared for detection. The principle of the proposed technique is based on the change of color by using ammonium metavanadate and sulphuric acid upon interaction with glucose solution. A camera module interfaced with a Raspberry Pi single-board computer captures the colorimetric changes. The captured images are studied by using HSV (Hue, Saturation, and Value) color model. This model is chosen for its ability to separate color information (hue) from intensity (value), enabling more accurate quantification of colorimetric responses. We present here the results of the effect of temperature and time on the colorimetric responses of the prepared samples. The novelty of the technique is its simple design, portability, rapid analysis, cost-effectiveness, suitable for environmental conditions, non-invasive in nature, and simple measurement procedure.
Network Marketing is a business tool that builds a network of business partners or distributors by directly selling products and services through a word-of-mouth marketing strategy. NM graph is a graphical representation of the network marketing industry. Just like a graph consists of vertices and edges, network marketing consists of distributors/ business partners which represent the vertices of the NM graph, and edges determine the genealogy of the network. In this paper, we explore the structure of an NM graph by graph parameters and see how the graph reflects various properties of a network of people. It is seen that an NM graph is a rooted binary tree. The measure of the influence of a network and the measure of profitability of a network is determined. It is seen that the objective to maximize profit by allocating different stakes to different persons is a typical case of an assignment problem. The genealogy of a network can be determined by studying the adjacency matrix of the NM digraph. Graph parameter like eccentricity represents the strongest person in the network earning maximum profitability. The domination number acts as a measure of the stability of an NM graph.
Plant-associated microbiome plays important role in maintaining overall health of the host plant. Xanthium strumarium displaying resilience to various environmental fluctuations may harbor some bacterial isolates which can help this plant to grow worldwide. The present study aims to isolate endophytic and rhizospheric bacteria from X. strumarium and assess their plant growth-promoting and Ralstonia solanacearum antagonism activity. From a total of 148 isolated bacteria, 7 endophytic and 2 rhizospheric bacterial isolates were found to endow with significant in vitro plant growth promotion activities. The 16S rRNA gene sequence similarity of the 7 endophytic isolates has revealed these bacteria belonging to 5 genera viz. Curtobacterium, Pantoea, Pseudomonas, Microbacterium and Paracoccus whereas, the two rhizospheric isolates were identified as species of Ralstonia pickettii and Priestia megaterium. Maximum growth promotion was observed using the strains Pseudomonas fluorescens XSS6 and Microbacterium hydrothermale XSS20 in the assay conducted on tomato plants. In the in planta inhibition assay of R. solanacearum carried out in tomato seedlings using root bacterization method, Pseudomonas fluorescens XSS6 and Panotea vagans XSS3 showed antagonistic activity with biocontrol efficacy of 94.83% and 83.96%, respectively. GC-MS analysis detected several known antimicrobial compounds in the extract of the culture supernatant of Pseudomonas fluorescens XSS6 and Panotea vagans XSS3 strains, which may contribute to the inhibition of R. solanacearum by these strains. The results of our study indicated that the bacteria associated with X. strumarium exhibit multiple plant-beneficial effects. These bacteria have the potential to be developed as effective biofertilizers and biological control agents, promoting sustainable agriculture practices.
The current study was carried out to investigate the amount of heavy metals (HM)
present in crude oil-contaminated water bodies of Upper Assam (India), that
enumerated the HM-tolerant cyanobacterial species present therein. Altogether, 42
species were cataloged under 25 genera, 17 families, and 9 orders during the routine
exploration. Amongst them, 5 species were newly reported to the algal flora of India.
Remarkably, the members of Oscillatoriaceae were recorded to be dominant with 10
species under 3 genera.
In order to achieve sustainable development, it is critical to comprehend the intersectionality of severe events and the tactics used for their mitigation and adaptation as the effects of climate change become more widespread. This study explores the complex relationship between environmental challenges, climate change, and the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs). It highlights the significant threat posed by environmental degradation, driven by both natural and anthropogenic factors, and its impact on global climate patterns. The study emphasizes the role of greenhouse gases in altering climate systems and the disproportionate effects on developing countries. It underscores the importance of sustainable development, as outlined in the 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development, and the need for urgent action to combat climate change (SDG 13). The paper explores various theoretical perspectives on development, including the modernization theory and dependency theory, and their implications for environmental sustainability. It discusses the environmental Kuznets curve (EKC) hypothesis, which suggests a relationship between economic growth and environmental degradation, and presents contrasting views from contemporary research. The study also examines the socio-economic impacts of extreme environmental conditions and the importance of disaster risk reduction frameworks like the Sendai Framework. It highlights the ongoing challenges of climate change, such as increased greenhouse gas emissions and their effects on human health, agriculture, and water resources. Furthermore, the paper delves into the concept of sustainability and sustainable development, emphasizing the need for a balanced approach that integrates economic growth, environmental protection, and social equity. It reviews the historical evolution of sustainable development goals and the critical role of international cooperation in achieving these objectives. The findings of this paper provide valuable insights for policy makers, researchers, and practitioners working towards a more sustainable and resilient future. By addressing the complex interplay between climate change and sustainable development, the study aims to contribute to the global discourse on environmental sustainability and the achievement of the SDGs by 2030.
- Susmita Acharya
- D. Adamová
- A. Agarwal
- [...]
- N. Zurlo
The production cross section of inclusive isolated photons has been measured by the ALICE experiment at the CERN LHC in pp collisions at centre-of-momentum energy of s = 13 TeV collected during the LHC Run 2 data-taking period. The measurement is performed by combining the measurements of the electromagnetic calorimeter EMCal and the central tracking detectors ITS and TPC, covering a pseudorapidity range of | η γ | < 0.67 and a transverse momentum range of cp_\textrm{T}^{\gamma }x_\textrm{T}^{\gamma } = 2p_\textrm{T}^{\gamma }/\sqrt{s} x_\textrm{T}^{\gamma }p_\textrm{T}^{\gamma } p T γ at the same collision energy with a small overlap between the measurements. The measurement is compared with next-to-leading order perturbative QCD calculations and the results from the ATLAS and CMS experiments as well as with measurements at other collision energies. The measurement and theory prediction are in agreement with each other within the experimental and theoretical uncertainties.
Species Distribution Models are widely used to predict single and multiple species distribution based on different environmental parameters concerned. Such a framework often ignores distribution overlapping of associated species of the same taxon or genus which may lead to high-cost conservation for the concerned authority. Cost effective conservation management can be practiced by prioritizing areas of high suitability, shared by one or more related species. Here, we proposed the concept of the high probable distribution area shared by at least two species i.e. Synergistic potential distribution area in Assam. Analysis of the synergistic distribution map showed that the average combined high potential area of all the species is 3140 km ² , and the average synergistic distribution area shared by at least two species accounts for 1367.63 km ² ( Falco severus + Gyps tenuirostris = 1446.19 km ² , Falco severus + Haliaeetus leucoryphys = 1404.75 km ² , Gyps tenuirostris + Haliaeetus leucoryphus = 1251.95 km ² ). We found that the highly suitable areas of raptors in Assam were mostly concentrated in the Manas Tiger Reserve landscape, Kaziranga-Karbi Anglong landscape and Upper Brahmaputra valley. This concept would definitely help to identify areas shared by raptors and prioritize cost effective conservation efforts.
- Susmita Acharya
- D. Adamová
- A. Agarwal
- [...]
- N. Zurlo
The transverse momentum () differential production cross section of the promptly produced charm-strange baryon (and its charge conjugate ) is measured at midrapidity via its hadronic decay into in p–Pb collisions at a centre-of-mass energy per nucleon–nucleon collision TeV with the ALICE detector at the LHC. The nuclear modification factor (), calculated from the cross sections in pp and p–Pb collisions, is presented and compared with the of baryons. The ratios between the -differential production cross section of baryons and those of mesons and baryons are also reported and compared with results at forward and backward rapidity from the LHCb Collaboration. The measurements of the production cross section of prompt baryons are compared with a model based on perturbative QCD calculations of charm-quark production cross sections, which includes only cold nuclear matter effects in p–Pb collisions, and underestimates the measurement by a factor of about 50. This discrepancy is reduced when the data is compared with a model that includes string formation beyond leading-colour approximation or in which hadronisation is implemented via quark coalescence. The -integrated cross section of prompt -baryon production at midrapidity extrapolated down to = 0 is also reported. These measurements offer insights and constraints for theoretical calculations of the hadronisation process. Additionally, they provide inputs for the calculation of the charm production cross section in p–Pb collisions at midrapidity.
Amid the uncertainty regarding the fundamental nature of neutrinos, we adhere to the Dirac description, and construct a model in the framework of Δ(27) symmetry. The model successfully accounts for the hierarchical patterns of both charged lepton and neutrino masses. The neutrino mass matrix exhibits four texture zeroes, and the associated mixing scheme aligns with the experimental data, notably controlled by a single parameter.
Wastewater treatment is a critical environmental issue, and Fenton-like catalysts have emerged as effective solutions for degrading persistent organic pollutants. One promising group of catalysts introduced for hydrogen peroxide activation in Fenton and Fenton-like reactions are transition metal sulfides. However, their applications are limited due to the insufficient number of active sites on the surfaces of these catalysts. CuS functions as a photo-Fenton catalyst only in the presence of light. Therefore, making the catalyst to retain its catalytic ability even in the absence of light is a fundamental objective of the present study. The anchoring of the CuS matrix to carbonaceous materials enhances active site exposure and catalyst stability. In this study, a CuS/nitrogen-biomass-derived carbon (CuS/N-BMC) nanocomposite catalyst was synthesized to enhance catalytic activity and stability. The composite showed high degradation efficiency of methylene blue (MB) without light irradiation, achieving 93% degradation within 60 min at pH 4.1 with a rate constant of 0.0367 min−1. It demonstrated its efficiency in degrading mixed dyes. The catalyst demonstrated effectiveness over a wide pH range (3.3–8.6) showcasing its potential in waste water treatment. The mechanism involved H2O2 activation, electron donation by the active functional groups, i.e., sp2C = C/C–C present in the carbon, pyridinic-N of nitrogen, and reduced state of S-species and regeneration of Cu+ species. The CuS/N-BMC composite demonstrated excellent stability and could be reused for five cycles, retaining 83% degradation efficiency. This study contributes to the development of efficient catalysts for environmental applications.
Background: Potentilla fulgens (Wall.) ex Hook. (Rosaceae), commonly known as 'Bajradanti' is native to the lower Himalayan regions inclusive of the NorthEast India. Traditionally, the plant is used to treat chronic ailments like diabetes and diverse wounds, including gastric and mouth ulcers, and injuries from tiger bites. Objective: This study aims to assess the efficacy of P. fulgens root extract rich in polyphenolics in healing diabetic foot ulcer (DFU) in rats. Methods: DFU was induced in streptozotocin-nicotinamide diabetic rat feet by open excision wound model. Rats were divided into eight groups (n = 6/group): normal, negative control, plain gel (placebo) control, 1% silver sulfadiazine, and P. fulgens treated with topical ethyl acetate (EAPF, 5% and 10%) and methanol extract (MEPF, 5% and 10%). The morphological, histological and various biochemical parameters associated with the wound healing process such as connective tissue repair and oxidative stress biomarkers were evaluated. Results: Topical application of EAPF 10% and MEPF 10% over 21 days significantly (p < 0.05) reduced ulcer area in DFU rats compared to negative control. Furthermore, the extracts treated group notably (p < 0.05) increased levels of connective tissue biomarkers (total protein, hydroxyproline, hexosamine, and hex-uronic acid) and antioxidant components (SOD and GSH), while significantly (p < 0.05) decreasing levels of lipid peroxidation (LPO) in foot tissue homogenate. Histological analysis of rats treated with the extracts revealed significant evidence of tissue repair, characterised by enhanced epithelial and collagen formation, along with decreased polymorphonuclear infiltration and edema. Conclusion: In summary, treatment with EAPF 10% significantly improved foot ulcers by modulating oxidative stress and connective tissue biomarkers in DFU animals.
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