Escuela de Administración de Negocios EAN

This article is concerned with narrating the research-creation experience that emerged from the CAPAZ project (Analytical Center for University Productions in the Framework of Conflict). It aims to account for the emergence of the transmedia web platform “RUTAS: University Peace Stories in Colombia,” based on the analysis of the media representations produced by the national opinion sector of university journalism that are concerned with peace narratives from 2000 to 2021. A mixed methodological approach and an experimental scheme with Big Data techniques derived from an automated lexicometric analysis led to the implementation of a strategy for creating pedagogical narratives that categorized the results obtained. Thus, RUTAS was born as an exercise involving the deployment of knowledge and creative skills around the notions of design as a possibility and hypermediality as a scenario of digital and interactive stories, housed in virtual, cultural, and open platforms that would give rise to multiple representations and media appropriations in the field of communication and education.

The material discarded by past mining extractive activities is exposed to the action of different environmental agents and constitutes the beginning of a problem that, inevitably, involves the population and the conditions of the environment where it is deposited. Bearing this in mind, a study of the Copaquilla-Chile valley was carried out with a focus on the socio-environmental conflict produced by the accumulation of abandoned mining waste in its vicinity. The objectives were to identify the role of the different actors and the main causes that originated the conflict and to characterize the physical-natural factors that conditioned the susceptibility and physical vulnerability of the studied environment. The methodological approach combined a set of qualitative and quantitative techniques, using participatory action research techniques (PAR) and multi-criteria evaluation models (MCE) through a geographic information system (GIS). The evaluation of the study area revealed quite severe levels in terms of the indices of susceptibility to processes of mass removal and vulnerability of the aquifer, which led us to infer that the morpho-climatic and hydrogeological characteristics of the sector generated the appropriate conditions to produce large damage to the complex socio-ecological system of the Copaquilla territory. This study generated participatory material, a chronology of the conflict, a database of the physical environment of the Copaquilla valley interpreted in thematic cartographies, and physicochemical soil and water samples to monitor contamination levels.

BACKGROUND Ubiquitin (Ub) and Ub-like proteins (Ub-L) are critical regulators of complex cellular processes such as the cell cycle, DNA repair, transcription, chromatin remodeling, signal translation, and protein degradation. Giardia intestinalis possesses an experimentally proven Ub-conjugation system; however, a limited number of enzymes involved in this process were identified using basic local alignment search tool (BLAST). This is due to the limitations of BLAST’s ability to identify homologous functional regions when similarity between the sequences dips to < 30%. In addition Ub-Ls and their conjugating enzymes have not been fully elucidated in Giardia. OBJETIVE To identify the enzymes involved in the Ub and Ub-Ls conjugation processes using intelligent systems based on the hidden Markov models (HMMs). METHODS We performed an HMM search of functional Pfam domains found in the key enzymes of these pathways in Giardia’s proteome. Each open reading frame identified was analysed by sequence homology, domain architecture, and transcription levels. FINDINGS We identified 118 genes, 106 of which corresponded to the ubiquitination process (Ub, E1, E2, E3, and DUB enzymes). The E3 ligase group was the largest group with 82 members; 71 of which harbored a characteristic RING domain. Four Ub-Ls were identified and the conjugation enzymes for NEDD8 and URM1 were described for first time. The 3D model for Ub-Ls displayed the β-grasp fold typical. Furthermore, our sequence analysis for the corresponding activating enzymes detected the essential motifs required for conjugation. MAIN CONCLUSIONS Our findings highlight the complexity of Giardia’s Ub-conjugation system, which is drastically different from that previously reported, and provides evidence for the presence of NEDDylation and URMylation enzymes in the genome and transcriptome of G. intestinalis.

This paper reviews the refereed academic publications of the 2017-2018 period related to business intelligence and the analytics, oriented to micro businesses engaged in commerce, seeking to find an opportunity to reduce the information asymmetries in the decision making of this relevant sector of the economy. The level of progress achieved is shown and the shortage of business intelligence technology and the analytics to contribute to the sustainability of these businesses in the context of industry 4.0. Future work is proposed to provide analytical technology and business intelligence, oriented to micro businesses dedicated to trade, that allows them to have data visualization reinforced with fuzzy logic, through a diffuse control panel.

This case has as protagonists Edith Villalobos and Rosa Ibáñez, executives of Hostal Family House, who must review the information available to determine the convenience of expanding the accommodation capacity, consider- ing the threat of new entrants to the hotel sector of the city of Tacna (Peru), as well as the identification of a market niche to address, estimate the demand taking into account the different characteristics of the services offered and the variability of demand in different months of the year. This case illustrates how the decision to carry out an expansion requires a very deep analysis that goes from the economic and financial aspects to a strategic analysis. The character- istics of the offered product, has a series of advantages but at the same time it means a detailed study of some partic- ular characteristics of the service.

El caso describe la situación que enfrenta fray Ernesto (director del Museo del Convento San Francisco de la ciudad de Cusco), producto de los altos costos operacionales del museo bajo su cargo y la poca visita de turistas. Además, se presenta la disyuntiva de Sadith Paz (jefa del proyecto), quien debe proponer un plan de marketing. El caso requiere analizar no solo el mercado y la organización, sino que, además, se deben estudiar las sugerencias que entregaron los intermediarios turísticos (agencias), para poder plantear nuevas estrategias de marketing que permitan mejorar el ser- vicio que brinda actualmente el museo, aparte de los problemas que generaría la exposición y la presencia de turis- tas dentro del convento. Las propuestas de solución no solo se basan en lo comúnmente usado para este tipo de casos, sino en explorar las particularidades de la organización en favor de la experiencia del turista, ofreciendo no solo un momento de descubrimiento, asombro y cultura, sino la posibilidad de experimentar la sensación de ser uno más en la vocación de estos sacerdotes.

This paper presents the results of a study done with the objective of describing the relationship between the teaching of process of Software Engineering and the level of competitiveness reached by business created by graduated students from Computation and Informatics Engineering of the University of Tarapacâ in Chile. To achieve this, the level of competitiveness of the enterprises involved in the study was evaluated. Also, an instrument was designed to evaluate how relevant was the teaching of software engineering’s process for graduated students, related to the competitiveness of their business. The results allow distinguishing four relevant processes during the undergraduate academic’s formation, which directly influence the creation of competitive business. Worthy to mention among these are: client, engineering, project management and process management.

In this paper, we propose a solution development of Business Intelligence and Geographic Information Systems (SIG) to an integrated management of information generated from Census of population, households and dwellings, and the Survey of Economic and Social Classification (CASEN). This, as an alternative to current methods in small area estimation (SAE) that are used to obtain disaggregated welfare indicators and estimate, for example, the income from the household attributes, ignoring the geographical location of the observations in the Survey. In this paper, we propose a change in the traditional implicit logic in these methods, to estimate the average income in small areas, georeferencing the survey observations using the matching method known as Matching Estimator and then extrapolating data using the Kriging prediction technique. The proposal suggests the use of an integrated database of both sources allowing to obtain data from the survey of economic characterization at levels of disaggregation not originally provided and are transferred by pairing with census data. Using spatial location codes incorporated into a SIG, cartographic visualization tools are added, which facilitates the observation and analysis of spatial relationships among geographic units, as well as observation and analysis of particularities in small areas. As an application, we describe the per capita spatial disaggregation income of households in Regions XIII, VI and VII of Chile.

This article examines the market of Chilean copper in the context of its evolution, present reality and future potentialities taking into consideration the world-wide financial crisis, which allows for verification of its great strengths and few weaknesses. The main Chilean exporting activity is mining and it is the one that generates the greater contribution to the fiscal coffers, with an important participation in the economic development of the country, being the copper its main actor. The fall of the price of copper has raised an uncertain scene with respect to the true capacity of the sector and the country to successfully ride on this stage of negative conjuncture, nevertheless this preoccupation, the antecedents that appear emphasize the real capacity of the mining of copper sector, that has allowed Chile to continue with its development without falling internally in the great problems that are derived from the financial crisis, differing from what happened in the past and is apparent in other countries.

This article examines the importance of copper, on the base of the particular characteristics of the metal, its evolution, the risks and the market that stands out as one of the markets of greater relevance in the industrialization of the developed and developing countries. Copper mining is one of the activities that have shown constant growth in the last years, previous to the financial crisis. The producing and exporting countries of this commodity have generated an important contribution to their internal economies that has allowed them to mitigate the effects of world-wide the economic contraction.

This paper describes the results of an action research project carried out with first graders at a private coeducational school in Bogotá, Colombia. The purpose of the study was to account for children's cognitive skills and writing development when using designed instructional materials based on the Structural Cognitive Modifiability model (SCM). The findings of the research suggest that children's cognitive skills development evolves through a three-stage ongoing cycle. The findings also reveal that they become creative writers by recalling prior knowledge and integrating L1 and L2 elements. This study shows that mediation serves as a bridge between learners' difficulties and understanding, highlights the use of L1 as a language acquisition facilitator.

En los últimos tiempos el tema del desarrollo económico basado en ventajas competitivas ha tomado suma importancia. Se han planteado modelos para lograr estos objetivos. Tradicionalmente se propone que el gobierno sea el generador de políticas de bienestar. En este artículo se presenta un modelo que aborda el desarrollo económico y por ende el bienestar desde otro punto de vista: el espíritu empresarial que propicia una cultura empresarial. De individuos con espíritu empresarial surgen los empresarios, los verdaderos iniciadores del progreso económico, los generadores de riqueza. Diversos estudios internacionales plantean que los empresarios se hacen gracias a dos perspectivas: la necesidad y la oportunidad. En nuestro país la gran mayoría ha surgido y siguen surgiendo por necesidad.

El presente artículo discute los alcances y las implicaciones que conlleva, en términos de la ejecución de políticas públicas y de la competitividad ur bana, la implementación del proceso de estratificación socioeconómica de los hogares. Se abordan diferentes aspectos desde la organización ur bana y so cial como aquellos que fundan la misma necesidad de la clasificación; desde la eficiencia, la eficacia y la equidad de las políticas públicas, y; desde la misma construcción teórica y estadística del instrumento de estratificación. Así mismo, se muestra como la inclusión de elementos que reflejen una realidad so cial compleja y dinámica, al in te rior de los modelos de estratificación, contribuye enormemente a disminuir ineficiencias y a lograr los objetivos que se persiguen con la estratificación.

Este artículo presenta las ventajas de las franquicias como alternativa de negocios. Para un emprendedor exitoso ya establecido es más rentable permitir el uso de su conocimiento explícito mediante el formato de negocio de su firma y recibir regalías mensuales sobre las ventas brutas, que invertir en la apertura de cada nuevo punto. Igualmente, para quien desee iniciarse como empresario, la modalidad de franquicia es muy interesante: en primer lugar, porque empieza con un negocio ya probado, utiliza la imagen extendida de la franquicia y recibe un apoyo corporativo del franquiciador; adicionalmente, detrás del formato de negocio que contrata, está el capital relacional, en otras palabras, la experticia del franquiciador, el conocimiento del mercado, la base de clientes y de proveedores y el capital humano.