Dijlah University College
Recent publications
This study examined the fragmentation, degradation pathways and DPs of pirtobrutinib, which have not been previously reported in the literature. The main goal of the current work is to develop, validate, and characterize forced degradation products using LC-MS/MS. An isocratic HPLC methodology was developed for the quantitative measurement of pirtobrutinib at a λmax of 219 nm. The procedure used was straightforward, well defined, proven, and selective. The samples were subjected to isocratic elution using an Agilent Eclipse C18 column (150 × 4.6 mm, 3.5 μ). The mobile phase was supplied at a flow rate of 1.0 mL per minute in a 30 : 70 v/v ratio, containing 0.1% formic acid and acetonitrile. A linear response was observed within the 0.0–150 μg mL⁻¹ concentration range. It was found that the limits of quantitation and detection for pirtobrutinib were 0.1 and 0.3, respectively. The method was assessed for system suitability, linearity, precision, accuracy, and robustness in accordance with standard ICH guidelines. It was found that the results were within acceptable limits. A variety of stress conditions, such as acids, alkalis, hydrolysis, oxidation, reduction as well as photo- and thermal degradations, were applied to the drug to test the method's efficiency and stability. Acidic, alkaline, peroxide, and reduction conditions showed significant degradation. Degradation products produced during the forced degradation studies were analyzed and characterized using mass spectrometry (MS/MS). Thus, the proposed method can also be used for the quantitation of pirtobrutinib in the presence of its degradation products.
Telemedicine offers transformative solutions for healthcare delivery, particularly in bridging geographical barriers and enhancing patient care. Nevertheless, its adoption by physicians is intricate, driven by diverse factors that require systematic understanding. This systematic review aims to identify and classify the factors influencing physicians’ adoption of telemedicine. From a collection of 2098 articles sourced from Web of Science and Scopus databases, 59 studies met the predetermined criteria and were meticulously assessed. The salient factors from these chosen papers were segmented into distinct categories: psychological and behavioral factors, technological factors, social and cultural factors, security and privacy factors, conditional factors, quality factors, healthcare-related factors, and inhibiting factors. Building on this classification, we proposed a comprehensive framework for telemedicine adoption tailored to physicians. This framework endeavors to act as a scaffold for subsequent empirical investigations. The taxonomy of the factors also aided in offering numerous research agendas to pave the way for more exhaustive studies into telemedicine adoption among medical professionals. The insights procured serve not only to deepen theoretical comprehension but also to present pragmatic guidelines for practitioners, service providers, application developers, and decision-makers.
This work compared the mechanical performance and the durability of clayey soil stabilized using mechanochemically activated geopolymer (MAG) with conventionally activated geopolymer (CAG). The effect of ground-granulated blast-furnace slag (GGBS) content on the long-term durability of geopolymer-stabilized soil has also been studied. The samples of geopolymer stabilized soils were immersed in 1% magnesium sulfate (MgSO 4 ) solution for 60 and 120 days. The appearance, ultrasonic pulse velocity (UPV), unconfined compressive strength (UCS), and FTIR spectroscopy of those samples were considered to evaluate their sulfate erosion resistance. Before the exposure to the MgSO 4 solution, the UCS of MAG samples was higher (12–45%) than that of CAG-stabilized soil. Furthermore, the strength of the geopolymer-stabilized soil improved by 114%, 247%, and 361%, at 50, 75, and 100% GGBS content, respectively. After exposure to the MgSO 4 solution, the results showed that the mechanochemically activated geopolymer-stabilized soil has better resistance to sulfate erosion than the conventionally activated geopolymer-stabilized soil. The residual UCS for MAG and CAG samples were 93% and 89% when exposed to 1% magnesium sulfate solution for 60 days, whereas they declined to 70% and 58%, respectively, after 120 days of immersion.
The development of production techniques for nanomaterials has led to an urgent need to manage the composition and properties of these materials to fit a variety of applications and increase their effectiveness. In this study, the effects of three different laser wavelengths; 266, 532, and 1064 nm on the optical characteristics and the concentrations of gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) generated using the Nd: YAG laser ablation processes are investigated. UV-Visible spectroscopy and FESEM were used to investigate the NPs optical and structure characteristics. In UV-Visible measurements, the absorption peaks for 266, 532, and 1064 nm were 533, 497.6, and 229.7 nm, respectively. Indicating that higher wavelengths have an effect on the number and size of AuNPs. The corresponding direct energy gap (Egd) for AuNPs were 4.95, 2.46, and 1.99 eV at 266, 532, and 1064 nm, while the indirect energy gap (Egin) was 3.73, 1.48 and 1.54 eV, respectively. The Urbach energies of these samples are 0.599, 4.545, and 4.484 eV. Finally, the results of size, concentration and other statistical measurements were computed based on FSEM of these samples. Our findings were compared to prior studies that used different preparation methods. As a result, the wavelength is an important parameter for synthesis, studying, and controlling the behavior of AuNPs, facilitating their development in a variety of applications such as nano-medicine, sensors, and optical switching.
Enhancing the photocatalytic activity of ZnFe2O4 with a good energy band gap to degrade industrial waste under sunlight illumination can help to develop green environments. Here, to improve the photocatalytic efficiency of ZnFe2O4 ferrites, they were merged with polyaniline (PAni) and silver (Ag) nanoparticles to synthesize Ag@ZnFe2O4–PAni plasmonic nanostructures. The as-synthesized nanostructures were characterized using a series of advanced characterization techniques to confirm successful formation and investigate photocatalytic improvement origins. It was found that incorporating Ag NPs along with the PAni to ZnFe2O4 increases its absorption power and red-shifts its energy band gap, which increases the electron–hole production rate by exposure to light in ZnFe2O4. Contribution of the surface plasmon resonance effect of Ag NPs and conjugated double bonds of PAni to charge transfer mechanisms in Ag@ZnFe2O4–PAni material increased charge separation during photocatalytic process, boosting the photodegradation performance of ZnFe2O4.
Background In literature, the levels of miRNA-146a and miRNA-155 are increased in periodontitis. Limited data are available regarding the expression of miRNA-146a and miR-NA-155 in diseased human peri-implant tissue. Therefore, the objective of this study was to explore the expression of miRNA-146a and miRNA-155 in human gingival peri-implant tissue affected by peri-implantitis. Methods After recording the clinical parameters, human peri-implant pocket tissues were harvested from sites diagnosed with peri-implantitis (n = 15 cases) in addition to healthy peri-implant sulcus tissues (n = 15 controls). The levels of miRNA-146a and miRNA-155 were assessed using real-time qPCR. Results Cases exhibited a significantly higher mean expression of miRNA-155 (5.2-fold increase) and miRNA-146a (2.8-fold increase) than controls. MiRNA-155 and miRNA-146a demonstrated an appropriate sensitivity (87.5% and 87.5%, respectively) and specificity (73.3% and 66.7%, respectively) in discriminating cases from controls. A moderate correlation (r = 0.544, p = 0.029) was found between miRNA-155 and miRNA-146a levels in the case group. Conclusions The expressions of miRNA-146a and miR-NA-155 are different between healthy and peri-implantitis affected tissues. Both miRNAs might potentially able to discriminate healthy from peri-implantitis affected tissues.
Batik, an Indonesian textile art form, holds immense economic and cultural importance. Small and medium enterprises (SMEs) specialising in batik play a crucial role in Indonesia's economic growth and cultural preservation, contributing significantly to the gross domestic product (GDP) and preserving the nation's heritage. Nevertheless, these enterprises face several challenges, such as slow growth and limited access to credit. The batik industry also lags in financial literacy and the adoption of digital marketing strategies, hindering its development. This quantitative study aims to investigate the relationship between financial literacy, digital financial literacy, and financial inclusion in batik SMEs and also examined the moderating effect of online social networks. A survey was conducted involving 535 managers, owners, and financial officers of small batik enterprises. Subsequently, the SmartPLS statistical analysis method was employed for data analysis. The results demonstrate that financial literacy and digital financial literacy play a significant role in accessing financial inclusion for batik small enterprises. Moreover, the utilisation of social media was found to moderate these relationships, amplifying the impact of financial and digital literacy on financial inclusion. The findings contribute to the existing knowledge, provide insights for enhancing batik small enterprises, and propose a digital financial model to promote financial inclusion.
This study explores the implications of the metaverse from four distinct perspectives: technology, students, lecturers, and pedagogy. From the technology standpoint, we investigate the optimization of user experience design, technical limitations, accessibility, integration with existing educational technologies, the role of advanced natural language processing, machine learning, and data analytics in supporting personalized and adaptive learning experiences. Moreover, we delve into the student perspective, considering the potential impact of the metaverse on accessibility, inclusivity, and student satisfaction. We also assess the potential for personalized learning experiences, skill development, and student autonomy within the metaverse. From the lecturer’s perspective, we discuss the opportunities and challenges associated with transitioning to metaverse-based teaching, emphasizing the importance of professional development and support for educators. We examine the pedagogical benefits of metaverse-based education, highlighting how immersive and interactive learning experiences can promote deeper understanding, engagement, and motivation. Finally, the paper outlines a comprehensive research agenda that addresses the opportunities and challenges of implementing the metaverse in teaching and learning. By examining the metaverse from these diverse perspectives, this study contributes to the growing body of literature on the fusion of innovative technologies in education, providing valuable insights for technologists, educators, researchers, and policymakers.
This study offers a green synthesis of zinc oxide nanocrystals (ZnO NCs) using natural salvia officinalis (SOL) leaves extracted without the need for chemical surfactants from a bottom-up approach. The ZnO NCs have been fabricated through a thermal chemical solution deposition (CSD) route at 85 °C on a glass substrate. FESEM images show the repeatability of a three-dimensional (3D) ZnO NCs nanoyarn-like structure versus reaction time variation that is assembled by many uniform ZnO of crescent-shaped nanoslices and nanoplates. The X-ray diffraction (XRD) profile exhibits a positive correlation between crystallinity and reaction time. The optical properties of the SOL/ZnO NCs represent the UV–vis absorption in the blue region with a bandgap (Eg) of 2.16 eV and a high photoluminescence (PL) emission intensity with a peak at 572.7 nm and yellow–red shift emission after a 16-h reaction time. The ability to fabricate SOL/ZnO NC nanoyarn-like structures repeatedly using an eco-friendly green synthesis of natural SOL phytochemicals with excellent optical properties is encouraging for future photovoltaic applications.
The rapid emergence of Generative Artificial Intelligence (GAI) heralds a significant shift, opening new frontiers in how education is delivered. This groundbreaking wave of technological advancement is poised to redefine traditional learning, promising to enhance the educational landscape with unprecedented levels of personalized learning and accessibility. Despite GAI’s progressive infiltration into various educational strata, limited empirical research exists on its impact on students’ learning performance. Drawing on the Theory of Planned Behavior (TPB) and Behavioral Reasoning Theory (BRT), this study investigates the determinants affecting students’ use of ChatGPT and its influence on learning performance. The data were collected from 357 university students and were analyzed using the PLS-SEM technique. The results supported the role of ChatGPT in positively affecting students’ learning performance. In addition, the results showed that reasons for and against adoption are pivotal in shaping students’ attitudes. ChatGPT use is found to be significantly affected by attitudes, subjective norms, and perceived behavioral control. Besides the theoretical contributions, the findings offer various implications for stakeholders and underscore the necessity for educational institutions to foster a conducive environment for GAI adoption, addressing ethical and technical concerns to optimize learning experiences.
The Danube is a significant transboundary river on a global scale, with several tributaries. The effluents from industrial operations and wastewater treatment plants have an impact on the river's aquatic ecosystem. These discharges provide a significant threat to aquatic life by deteriorating the quality of water and sediment. Hence, a total of 16 Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons (PAHs) compounds were analyzed at six locations along the river, covering a period of 12 months. The objective was to explore the temporal and spatial fluctuations of these chemicals in both water and sediment. The study revealed a significant fluctuation in the concentration of PAHs in water throughout the year, with levels ranging from 224.8 ng/L during the summer to 365.8 ng/L during the winter. Similarly, the concentration of PAHs in sediment samples varied from 316.7 ng/g in dry weight during the summer to 422.9 ng/g in dry weight during the winter. According to the Europe Drinking Water Directive, the levels of PAHs exceeded the permitted limit of 100 ng/L, resulting in a 124.8% rise in summer and a 265.8% increase in winter. The results suggest that the potential human-caused sources of PAHs were mostly derived from pyrolytic and pyrogenic processes, with pyrogenic sources being more dominant. Assessment of sediment quality standards (SQGs) showed that the levels of PAHs in sediments were below the Effect Range Low (ERL), except for acenaphthylene (Acy) and fluorene (Fl) concentrations. This suggests that there could be occasional biological consequences. The cumulative Individual Lifetime Cancer Risk (ILCR) exceeds 1/10⁴ for both adults and children in all sites.
The temporal and spatial variations of 16 Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons (PAHs) were examined at multiple sites around Lake Balaton from February 2023 to January 2024. The results indicated that the concentrations of PAHs in sediment were high during the winter months, 448.35 to 619.77 ng/g dry weight, and low during the summer months, 257.21 to 465.49 ng/g dry weight. The concentration of high molecular weight PAHs (HMWPAHs), consisting of 5–6 rings, was greater than that of low molecular weight PAHs (LMWPAHs), which had 2–3 rings. The total incremental lifetime cancer risk (ILCR) for both dermal and ingestion pathways was high for both adults and children during the four seasons, with the highest records as the following: winter > spring > summer > autumn. The ecological effects of the 16 PAHs were negligible except for acenaphthylene (Acy) and fluorene (Fl), which displayed slightly higher concentrations during the autumn and spring, respectively.
Background: Oral health-related quality of life (OHRQoL) has been investigated as a component of health-related quality of life (HRQoL) in recent years. However, there is a lack of local data using OHRQoL questionnaires to assess life quality in individuals rheumatoid arthritis (RA) at the present time. Objectives: to assess the OHRQoL of RA patients and explore any potential effects of various clinical indicators. Methods: A crosssectional study compared 100 RA patients and 100 control individuals to assess and compare their OHRQoL. The study examined the Oral Health Impact Profile (OHIP-14) as one of the oral health factors under investigation, examining the association between the disease activity score of RA (CDAI and DAS28) and the OHIP. Results: Patients with RA had a median OHIP-14 of 14 (4–24.5), while controls had a median of 6 (2–18), yielding a significant difference (p = 0.005).Asignificant positive yetweak correlationwasobserved betweenOHIP-14 and CDAI(r= 0.26,p= 0.009).Aweak positive correlation was seen between OHIP-14 and DAS28, although the correlation did not attain statistical significance (r = 0.15, p = 0.125).Conclusions: Patientswith RAreported a more unfavorable evaluation oftheir OHRQoL compared to those without RA.
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636 members
Associate Professor Dr  Naser Mahmoud Ahmed
  • Laser and Optpelectronis Engineering
Abdulla Suhail
  • Optics Techniques Department
Shahad Al-Yousif
  • Computer Engineering Technology
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Address
Baghdad, Iraq
Head of institution
Prof. Dr. Saeed. A. Almurhij