Recent publications
This article contributes to the emerging empirical research on the editorial practices of video-on-demand (VoD) publishing in European public service media (PSM). It presents results from a comparative study of the editorial practices visible on the VoDs from ten PSM companies across six countries: United Kingdom, Belgium, Poland, Italy, Canada and Denmark. The aim of the article is to map and compare the editorial practices in the ‘prime space’ of the VoD services and the ‘prime time’ of the companies’ main linear channels. The analysis is based on data from a sample week of 13–19 November 2023. The article contributes to research addressing the key issue of universality in terms of content and discusses the conceptualizations of the audience that seem to be at work in the transition towards an online PSM identity.
This paper proposes a new journalistic discipline, ‘Inferential Causal Explanatory Journalism’, which combines scientific insights and methods with journalistic practices and meets audiences’ need for knowledge about complex causal relationships affecting everyday life. The paper outlines the theoretical framework and methodology that allows journalists to infer relations between news events and their causes instead of the standard referential practice. Inferential causal explanatory journalism positions journalists as independent and credible producers of knowledge. It leverages the explosive growth in online access to scientific studies, as well as various other sources of digital data on current phenomena in recent years, and suggests that AI technologies can make it less time-consuming for journalists to arrive at causal explanations.
In the field of entrepreneurship education, the subject matter has changed from a focus on venture creation to one that encourages the development of broader skills and attitudes that prompt students to live in an entrepreneurial way. The emphasis on an ‘entrepreneurial mindset’ (EM) is increasing. However, global issues, such as climate change and the mental health crisis, require a transformation in the way we think and act. Our external environment is increasingly seen as a manifestation of deeply held beliefs, values, attitudes, and perceptions of the world—the inner dimensions of sustainability. Thus, we must reflect on individual values, increase inner capacities, and achieve sustainable life skills prior to creating more sustainable ventures and futures-an overlooked perspective in the current definition of EM. This paper introduces a design perspective and the 4-Foci Mindset, which includes both an outer focus aimed at sustainable value creation and connections with others and with nature, as well as an inward orientation that achieves inner capacities related to ‘being’. The paper presents the implementation and evaluation of the 4-Foci Mindset framework in an educational setting, concentrating on the inner focus as the most radical new perspective in education. The results reveal the clear necessity and value of addressing ‘the inner focus’.
In 2004 the Danish newspaper Jyllands-Posten made a series of long-form investigative reports on environmental changes in places such as Tuvalu, Delhi and Copenhagen. In 2019 the newspaper repeated the reporting by revisiting the same places spanning five different continents. The new series of long-form digital productions named “The Climate Tour 2019” was produced by the same journalists as the 2004 reporting series, but the 2019 series naturally, made further use of new digital storytelling tools. This chapter delivers a comparative analysis of the Jyllands-Posten between the 2004 and 2019 reports focusing on the use of digital elements to create a cohesive and immersive experience.
Across Scandinavia, one can witness a situation where gender equality has previously been at the forefront of the political and societal agenda, but where progress now seems to be slowing down. The news media is a domain where this negative development is particularly pronounced, and several studies have established that the Scandinavian news media display a more unequal gender representation than the society they supposedly mirror. In this article, we report on an ongoing cross-Scandinavian research project on news media content, where we explore not only the traditional metrics of how many men and women are in the news, but also, more importantly, how women and men are portrayed in news media content. The study demonstrates significant gender discrepancies, echoing findings from previous studies on the quantitative representation of women and men, and, more importantly, it introduces presentation as an additional qualitative metric. Consequently, we contribute with an analytical framework involving a range of qualitative parameters through which the news media industry can comprehensively evaluate gender equality within their content.
Journalists depend on two vectors of trust: the trust invested in them by their sources, and the trust invested in them by their end-users. For many years, trust has become a key issue in the articulation of the journalistic profession. This paper distinguishes between two traditional approaches to earn public trust: either through an emphasis on the ideal of objectivity, or by a sort of showing one’s cards: an explicit declaration of one’s subjectivity. Through a reading of Løgstrup, Derrida, and Deleuze, we argue that both positions are inadequate solutions to the problem of trust. In as much as subjectivity is continuously negotiated in interaction with the unknown and the uncontrollable, the poles of objectivity and subjectivity cannot define the narrative event without each supplementing the other. To escape from this impasse, we suggest a third approach: a hospitable journalism characterized by a hospitable attitude towards the uncontrollable and the strange, or unknown, which operates to make the individual more aware of herself and her place in the world. This invitation happens through a silencing of the self.
Exemplars are central in news reporting. However, extreme negative exemplars can bias citizens’ factual perceptions and attributions of political responsibility. Nonetheless, our knowledge of the factors shaping journalistic preferences for including exemplars in news stories is limited. We investigate the extent to which educational socialization, psychological biases, and editorial policy shape journalistic preferences for extreme negative exemplars. We field large-scale survey experiments to a population sample of journalism students, a nationally representative sample of citizens, and a representative sample of “young people” and obtain evaluations of news value, newsworthiness, and behavioral measures of the actual write-up of news articles. We find significant support for the role of editorial policy and limited support for the role of educational socialization and psychological biases. In a time where economic pressures and the proliferation of digital media potentially lead editors to prioritize clickbait, these findings suggest that structural biases in news coverage may be aggravated.
Recent years have seen a considerable increase in companies following a purpose-based brand strategy. Pursuing purpose instead of solely profit has been pointed out as a means to reposition corporations in society and especially to counter growing skepticism toward corporations from society and stakeholders. Consequently, incorporating purpose in brand building can establish the much-desired brand trust, and as such purpose could be the answer to the prayers of many brand managers: a brand strategy capable of creating trust among both internal and external stakeholders. The question is whether working with purpose in branding is indeed a fix-all solution, or if it also comes with challenges? In order to explore this, this paper first develops a theoretical conceptualization of brand trust in the most consistent and exhaustive purpose strategy, the purpose-driven brand. This conceptualization of trust is afterward applied to the illustrative case of the purpose-driven, social impact company, Too Good To Go. The qualitative case study combines an external stakeholder perspective with an internal company perspective and demonstrates that while purpose easily translates into trust based on perceived ethicality of the brand, the brand trust component of perceived competence is more challenging. The study contributes with knowledge for both brand theory and practice and suggests implications for brand managers following a purpose-driven brand strategy.
Postgraduates being as the backbone of the innovative talent team, the enhancement of postgraduates’ innovative behavior has become the focus of higher education reform in the new era. Postgraduate students’ innovative behaviors are influenced by multiple factors, and mentorship plays a crucial role in the cultivation of postgraduate students’ innovative behaviors. This study is based on social cognitive theory and empirical analysis from the perspective of individual postgraduate students and mentorship cultivation. Multisource data were obtained from a research team attending a teacher training college in southwest China, and a questionnaire survey was conducted on 362 postgraduate students based on an online approach. The empirical study was conducted using SPSS software and AMOS software combined with hierarchical regression analysis and structural analysis of covariance to examine the mechanism of the effect of transformational tutoring style on postgraduate students’ innovative behavior, using creative self-efficacy as a mediating variable. The results showed that the transformational tutoring style had a significant positive effect on the innovation behavior of postgraduate students, and the creative self-efficacy partially mediated the effect of the transformational tutoring style on the innovation behavior. According to the findings of the study, the creative self-efficacy of postgraduate students is enhanced through the collaboration of “multiple” subjects; the “integrated” cultivation model is built to create a transformative tutor team; a mentoring community is established. The study is aimed at providing a reference for the cultivation of innovation ability of master students.
This article argues that late Heidegger’s analyses of the Fourfold can be used as a methodological starting point for discourse analyses. It argues that the Fourfold points out elements or foundations of discursive structures that orient us to differing, and to some extent opposing, directions that are at the same time mutually interdependent. A discursive analysis of how the Fourfold is at play in prevailing discursive exchanges and structures will thus be a matter of situating ourselves in a conceptual space beyond existing practices and structures, from which we get a picture of their inadequacies. As such, the article contributes to a critical understanding of discourse analysis. It will be argued that through understanding the Fourfold, we can better understand the problems with various aspects of ‘measuring’, which are founded upon the (concealed) instability of elements of the Fourfold – which shapes practical discursive engagements. By foregrounding this structural instability we can approach it critically. I demonstrate how this approach might be used in an analysis of a debate between Greta Thunberg and Bjørn Lomborg.
This contribution reports on a symposium that aimed to collectively discuss different approaches to deal with processes of automation and artificial intelligence (AI) in the field of education. Inspired by Asimov’s Laws of Robotics and Pasquale's recently published NewLawsofRobotics, the symposium’s purpose was to collectively advance laws that would be specifically tailored to the field of education. In that regard, the term edu-automation seeks to propose ways of conceptualizing and imagining automation as an educational endeavor; that is, not as a purely technical-factual matter that is subsequently translated into educational practice, but equally as a matter of educational concern. Through three narratives and propositions, this contribution discusses similarities and differences between the concepts of automation and AI, and shows some of the different features that tie education and automation together. The variety and substantial differences between the three accounts shows that automation and AI cannot be approached single-sidedly, and that in order to come to a profound understanding of this phenomenon, we need to deploy a variety of theoretical, educational, and normative standpoints and positions.
Friederike Brun, née: Münter (1765–1835) became a famous writer in the German-speaking areas of Europe around 1800. She published collections of poems and travelogues in German, brought up as she was in the German and cosmopolitan circle in Copenhagen around Klopstock, Gerstenberg, her father, court chaplain Balthasar Münter, and others. Not least the writings of Ossian (MacPherson), Shakespeare, Gray and Richardson influenced her together with J. J. Rousseau. This contribution focuses on her early writings from 1782 until 1790. They have so far been neglected in research, being the products of a young woman, but they show the wide horizon of her circle, her father’s education of her, his introduction of her to the German intellectual elite of the time and her talent as a writer in a sentimental and enlightened-romantic tradition inspired by Schiller and Herder. She is interested in the aesthetics of nature and the relations between nature and culture and can in this respect be seen as an early ecocritical writer. Furthermore, she demonstrates female emancipation around 1800 and a cosmopolitical consciousness in a Europe heading towards national boundaries as well as language and gender barriers.
The traditional foundation of the placed reserved for the Fourth Estate in democratic practice is under pressure. To revitalize this idea, a focus upon how journalists handle silence professionally is suggested. It is argued that it is important to bring out how the handling of silence is carried out, and to understand that silence is not only something to be avoided. Silence is of foundational importance for communicative significance to emerge. In a reading of Deleuze, Heidegger and Derrida, we argue for a model in which silence is necessary for significant communicative exchanges. We avoid thoughtlessness by allotting a function to silence; for communication requires not just information but a channel of silence, so to speak. It is, finally, argued that it is important not to expect the revealed forms of silence to be problematic. It is demonstrated that certain forms of silence can be analysed as democracy enhancing because they permit less heated exchanges that make room for thoughtful contemplation.
The pork tapeworm Taenia solium is a zoonotic food-borne parasite endemic in many developing countries causing human cysticercosis and taeniosis as well as porcine cysticercosis. It mainly affects the health of rural smallholder pig farmers and their communities, resulting in lower health status, reduced pork quality, and economic loss due to condemnation of pigs or low pricing of pork. This qualitative study aimed to identify key food related practices linked to consumption of pork at village level, of importance for transmission of taeniosis. We used an interpretivist-constructivist paradigm in a multiple case study of exploratory qualitative research design. Data was acquired through guided and probing interviews with 64 pork cooks, and 14 direct observations in four villages in a T. solium endemic area of Mbeya Region in the Southern Highlands of Tanzania. The study showed that the informants were members of communities of practice through their pork cooking practices, one community of practice for the restaurant cooks and one for the home cooks, learning, sharing, and distributing their cooking skills. Furthermore, the analysis showed that the pork cooks generally had some awareness of there being something undesirable in raw pork, but they had very diverse understandings of what it was, or of its potential harm. Major potential transmission points were identified in restaurants and in home kitchens. It appears that the pork cooks act according to socio-cultural and economic factors guiding them in their actions, including pressure from customers in restaurants, the family values of tradition in the home kitchens, and the culturally guided risk perception and appraisal. These practices might generate potential transmission points. Future research on interventions aimed at preventing the spread of T. solium taeniosis should recognise the importance of tradition and culture in risky food practices.
Physical inactivity can influence children’s executive functions with severe impact on wellbeing and academic learning. The objective is to study the effect of leisure time sport on executive functions in Danish 1st grade children, and secondary to explore if socio-economy is a confounder for associations between leisure time sport and executive functions. This study is a sub-study nested within a cluster-randomized controlled trial with two arms (ClinicalTrials.gov, NCT02488460). 505 children from twelve schools, mean age 7.2 ± 0.3 years participated. Outcomes for executive function were “Modified Eriksen Flanker/Reverse Flanker Task” and “Behavior Rating Inventory of Executive Function” (BRIEF-P). Parents used SMS-tracking to register their children’s leisure time sport. Multivariate analyzes was performed using mixed linear regression, with adjustment for highest parental education, sex, municipality, and school-type. We found that leisure time sport seems to significantly improve working memory (WM) with nearly 20%, and furthermore it seems to be a significant predictor of ‘Initiate’ (the ability to begin an activity, to generate ideas, responses or problem-solving strategies). Socio-economy was not found to be a confounder. This study lends support to the hypothesis that leisure time sport is related to working memory capacity in children.
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