Çanakkale Onsekiz Mart Üniversitesi

Purposes This study aimed to contribute to understanding the factors affecting the time of traction treatment of impacted dilacerated maxillary central incisors. Methods This retrospective study included children aged 8 – 11 years with a history of trauma, who applied to the pediatric dentistry clinics of Marmara University, School of Dentistry, between December 2013 and December 2019, and were treated for unilateral impacted dilacerated maxillary upper central incisors. Children's age, sex, digital panoramic radiographs, cone-beam computed tomography, and intraoral photographs were retrieved from electronic dental health records. The effects of children's age, sex, the direction of impacted teeth, distance of the teeth to the top of the alveolar crest, and root dilaceration level on traction time were analyzed by Mann-Whitney U test and Spearman's rank correlation coefficient test. Results The inverse position of the incisors significantly increased the traction time (P = 0.012). However, the traction time did not differ according to the sex of the children (P = 0.707) or the level of root dilaceration (P = 0.429). No correlation was observed between the traction time and the age of children (P = 0.644) or the distance of the incisors from the top of the alveolar crest (P = 0.397). Conclusions In cases of the forced eruption of for the impacted dilacerated maxillary central incisors, the direction of the teeth should be evaluated when deciding on the treatment plan, as it may affect the treatment time.

Jamming is electromagnetic radiation or reflection that impairs the function of electronic instruments and equipment or communication tools. Intentionally disrupting or interfering with GPS signals, which are used for positioning, navigation, and timing, known as “GPS jamming”, is accomplished using a radio frequency emitting device. On January 8, 2022 (the day of a NATO exercise), it was investigated how GPS signal jamming affected the position accuracy at three IGS points in Iceland. The obtained coordinate differences between kinematic processing and static processing reached values of about 0.5–10 meters for the MAYV, and HOFN stations in this study. In addition to GPS signal jamming effect in Iceland, horizontal and vertical velocity fields of the three IGS stations in Iceland covering a twenty-two year period (2000–2022) in this study. According to the obtained results, a motion of about 2cm–2.5cm per year (horizontal) and 0.1cm–2.1cm per year (vertical) was computed at the three IGS stations (HOFN, REYK, and MAYV) located in Iceland.

Objectives This study was conducted to examine the relationship between women's awareness of climate change and their worries about climate change in terms of women's health in Turkiye. Study design Cross‐sectional survey. Methods The research was conducted in a descriptive study design in the relational survey model. The sample of the study consisted of 321 women. Data were collected with the “Personal Information Form, Adaptation of Awareness to Climate Change Questionnaire, Climate Change Worry Scale.” Results The total mean score of the Awareness to Climate Change Scale for Women was 2.32 ± 0.61 (moderate awareness), and the total mean score of the Climate Change Worry Scale was 2.76 ± 0.84 (moderate anxiety). There was a statistically significant, positive but weak relationship between women's worries about climate change and their awareness to climate change ( r = 0.373, p < .001). Conclusions As women's awareness to climate change increases, their worries about climate change increase.

Large-scale loss of life and property occurred in Kahramanmaraş and its districts, which are the city center where the epicenters of the earthquake couples that occurred on February 6, 2023, in Türkiye. Major damage has occurred in different structural systems due to the earthquake. In addition, fault traces that are the source of the earthquake were clearly observed on the ground surface. In this study, the effects of both earthquakes on soil, reinforced concrete, masonry, prefabricated, and other structural systems were evaluated observationally in Kahramanmaraş and its districts. Comparisons were made on the last two earthquake maps used in Türkiye for the locations of strong ground motion measuring devices in Kahramanmaraş. The masonry structures, which are common in rural areas in the epicenter, have been heavily damaged because they have not received engineering service. However, it is seen that the concrete buildings have insufficient strength and ductility. A similar situation is also present in industrial precast structures, and it has been observed that the damaged and collapsed in these structures are manufactured without complying with the type connection details given for prefabricated reinforced concrete structures in the codes. It has also been observed that the soil-structure interaction is the most determining parameter in the structure’s performance in these earthquake couples. Especially in weak soils, the damage to the structures has been quite heavy. The field data obtained from the earthquakes showed that some of the conditions of the current earthquake code should be discussed again.

The study aims to determine the reproductive cycle, the condition index, meat yield, shell component index, shell thickness index and gonad index of bivalve Donax trunculus inhabiting the Kefken-Babalı location on the Black Sea in relation to environmental parameters between November 2013 and October 2014. Its gonadal development began in November. D. trunculus was in the inactive stage during autumn. Spawning was observed from May (18 °C) to August (28 °C). Sex ratios were not equal and number of males was higher during the study period (1.13:1) with one hermaphrodite individual only. Being synchronous between sexes based on histological analysis, the reproductive cycle consists of six stages. The study showed that the most ideal period to harvest of D. trunculus was between December and May, especially when the meat yield and condition index were determined to be highest.

4-{[(3-Hydroxynaphthalen-2-yl)imino]methyl}benzene-1,2,3-triol Schiff-base, abbreviated as ligand (L), was synthesized and additionally, its polymer was obtained through oxidative polycondensation and named as poly-4-{[(3-hydroxynaphthalen-2-yl)imino]methyl}benzene-1,2,3-triolpoly-ligand (PL). The ammonium persulfate (NH4)2S2O8 was used as an oxidant in this reaction. The metal complexes of PL were synthesized in the presence of various metal ions such as Cu2+, Hg2+, Ni2+, Pb2+,and Zn2+. The synthesized structures of PL and metal complexes were confirmed by FTIR, UV–vis, 1H and 13C NMR, and elemental analysis. Moreover, SEM and TGA analyses were performed for characterization. In this study, the anti-oxidant, anti-bacterial and catalytic properties of PL and its metal complexes were investigated. For anti-oxidant properties, 2,2-diphenyl-1-picryl-hydrazyl (DPPH) detection methods were studied. Also, for anti-bacterial activities they were tested against various bacteria using the minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) method. It was observed that [Ni(PL)2] and [Pb(PL)2] metal complexes showed quite good anti-oxidant activities when they were compared with PL at its highest concentration of 100 ppm. The anti-bacterial activity results showed that [Hg(PL)2] had the highest MIC value of all the mentioned materials. The obtained catalytic activity results revealed that the synthesized poly-ligand metal [M(PL)2] complexes could be considered as an alternative catalyst to remove various organic pollutants from the aqueous environment. From this point of view, it is possible to say that [M(PL)2] complexes synthesized within the scope of the study could be used as polymeric agents to reduce environmental pollution.

Epigenetic mechanisms such as DNA methylation, histone modifications, and changes in the expression of non-coding RNAs are sensitive to the environmental variations which permit exotic species to adapt and invade new environments or vice versa. Different mechanisms of invasiveness such as phenotypic plasticity, enemy release, empty niches, propagule pressure, adaptive mutations, genetic variations, and epigenetic changes enable the introduced organisms to become invasive in their new environments. Among the diverse mechanisms that govern invasion, epigenetics can assist invasion by regulating gene expression without altering the DNA sequence. Plants have the ability to adapt to their new environments by modifying gene expression patterns by epigenetic modifications that affect plant growth and development. Epigenetic modifications are inherited through mitotic cell divisions, and they can be transmitted to the next generation. The role of epigenetic mechanisms in the adaptation of invasive plant species is one of the most exciting areas in weed science. Recent advances in molecular genetics have highlighted the role of epigenetic modifications on invasiveness. Environmental exposures can affect genes’ function without changing the DNA sequence. Epigenetic mechanisms are considered essential for stress memories and adaptation in plants under stressed environments, which will increase under climate change in many areas of the world. Epigenetic mechanisms have been reported in most invasive plant species. To predict and prevent future invasions and effectively manage existing invaders, it is crucial to understand the relative contributions of the epigenetic basis of phenotypic variations occurring in the course of adaption to a new environment. To understand invasions, we present the role of epigenetic mechanisms that would allow the alien species to become invasive in the newly introduced environments.

Purpose Periorbital edema and ecchymosis that may occur after surgery in septorhinoplasty patients who have undergone lateral osteotomy are common morbidities and are seen as the main limiting factors for the recovery process of the patients. There are many different studies in the literature about the causes of periorbital edema and ecchymosis. In this study, the authors aimed to investigate the possible relationships between the bone density and bone thickness measured in the frontal process of the maxillary bone, and postoperative periorbital edema and ecchymosis, which are suitable for the osteotomy lines that they will detect in computerized tomography. Methods Between January 1, 2019 and November 11, 2020, 59 patients whose nasal pathologies were determined by paranasal sinus computed tomography examination due to nasal deformity and nasal deformity and who underwent septorhinoplasty operation were included in this study. Bone density and thickness measurements were performed on the frontal process of the maxillary bone in accordance with the lateral osteotomy lines on the lateral nasal wall in each patient, right and left side. According to the bone density values measured at the point determined on the lateral osteotomy line, 2 groups were formed as “very dense” and “less dense.” According to the bone thickness values of the patients, 2 groups were determined as “thick” and “thin.” Thus, the authors investigated the relationship between periorbital edema and ecchymosis on the postoperative first, third, and seventh days obtained from the examination files of the patients. Findings When bone density subgroups are examined, it has been shown that the degree of periorbital edema of the patients in the “very dense” and “less dense” group categories decreased from the first day to the seventh postoperative day. The degrees of periorbital edema on the third postoperative day were statistically higher in the “less dense” group than in the “very dense” group. In the authors' study, no correlation was found between the degrees of postoperative periorbital edema and ecchymosis and bone density subgroups on other days. While an increase was observed in the periorbital ecchymosis grades of the patients in the “less dense” subgroup category from the first day to the third postoperative day, the periorbital ecchymosis grades of the patients in the “very dense” subgroup category decreased from the first day to the third day. In both subgroups, the lowest periorbital ecchymosis levels were observed on the postoperative seventh day. When bone thickness subgroups are examined, it has been shown that the degree of periorbital edema of the patients in the “thick” and “thin” group categories decreases from the first day to the seventh day postoperatively. When the bone thickness subgroups were examined, the periorbital ecchymosis degrees of the patients in the “thick” and “thin” group categories increased on the third postoperative day, while it reached the lowest level on the postoperative seventh day. There was no significant difference between the first, third, and seventh-day periorbital edema and ecchymosis conditions in the “thick” and “thin” groups. Conclusion The authors observed that periorbital edema and ecchymosis that may occur after septorhinoplasty can be affected by the variable features of the lateral nasal wall bone structure. The authors conclude that the changes in the healing process can be affected by different bone density values in particular.

Objective The aim of this study is to use machine learning models to predict drinking water quality from a public health nursing approach. Design Machine learning study. Sample “Water Quality Dataset” was used in the study. The dataset contains physical and chemical measurements of water quality for 2400 different water bodies. The process consists of four stages: Data processing with Synthetic Minority Oversampling Technique, hyperparameter tuning with 10‐fold cross‐validation, modeling and comparative analysis. 80% of the dataset is allocated as training data and 20% as test data. ML models logistic regression, K‐nearest neighbor, support vector machine, random forest, XGBoost, AdaBoost Classifier, Decision Tree algorithms were used for water quality prediction. Accuracy, precision, recall, F1 score and AUC performance metrics of ML models were compared. To evaluate the performance of the models, 10‐fold cross‐validation was used and a comparative analysis was performed. The p‐values of the models were also compared. Results N this study, where drinking water quality was predicted with seven different ML algorithms, it can be said that XGBoost and Random Forest are the best classification models in all performance metrics. There is a significant difference in all ML algorithms according to the p ‐value. The H0 hypothesis is accepted for these algorithms. According to the H0 hypothesis, there is no difference between actual values and predicted values. Conclusion In conclusion, the use of ML models in the prediction of drinking water quality can help nurses greatly improve access to clean water, a human right, be more knowledgeable about water quality, and protect the health of individuals.

Background. Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) and psoriatic arthritis (PsA) are chronic, progressive inflammatory diseases that can be accompanied by other diseases. In recent years, with the increase in the lifespan of individuals, the concept of polypharmacy has become more prominent. We aimed to show the prevalence of polypharmacy and the effects of polypharmacy on disease activity in RA and PsA. Methods. This study included PsA patients who had peripheral joint involvement and, RA patients. Since PsA has a heterogeneous clinical picture, only patients with peripheral joint involvement were included in the study and patients with inflammatory low back pain or radiological sacroiliitis or spondylitis, dactylitis or enthesitis were not included in the study due to homogeneity concerns. The numbers of medications used by the patients at the onset of their treatment and at sixth months into their treatment were recorded. Polypharmacy was accepted as the simultaneous use of at least five medications by the person. The Disease Activity Score 28 joints C-Reactive Protein (DAS-28 CRP) was used to assess disease activity for both disease. The modified Charlson Comorbidity Index (CCI) scores of the patients were calculated based on their chronic diseases. Results. The sample of the study included 232 RA and 73 PsA patients. Polypharmacy was present at the treatment onset in 115 (49.6%) of the RA patients and 28 (38.4%) of the PsA patients. At the sixth month of treatment, polypharmacy was present in the sixth month of the treatment in 217 (93.5%) RA and 61 (83.6%) PsA patients. The mean ages of the RA and PsA patients who were receiving polypharmacy treatment at the beginning were significantly older than the mean ages of those who were not receiving polypharmacy treatment. In both the RA and PSA groups, the patients with polypharmacy at the beginning had statistically significantly higher DAS-28 CRP scores at six months of treatment than those without polypharmacy at the beginning (p<0:001). Conclusion. Polypharmacy was present both at the time of diagnosis and in the treatment process in the RA and PsA patients, and the presence of polypharmacy at the beginning of the treatment was among the factors that affected the treatment of these patients by significantly affecting their 6th-month DAS-28 CRP values.

Bioethanol potential of switchgrass cultivars for rainfed and irrigated conditions in marginal lands Erdal Gönülal & Onur Hocaoğlu To cite this article: Erdal Gönülal & Onur Hocaoğlu (21 Nov 2023): Bioethanol potential of switchgrass cultivars for rainfed and irrigated conditions in marginal lands, Archives of Agronomy and Soil Science, DOI: 10.1080/03650340.2023.2278320 To link to this article: https://doi.org/10.1080/03650340.2023.2278320 Bioethanol potential of switchgrass cultivars for rainfed and irrigated conditions in marginal lands Erdal Gönülal and Onur Hocaoğlu ABSTRACT Bioethanol is a climate-friendly alternative to conventional energy sources. This study was conducted to determine bioenergy potential of switchgrass cultivation in Central Anatolia where water scarcity limits the agricultural production. Field trials were conducted in a randomized blocks design with three replications under irrigated and rainfed conditions for three growing seasons (2019, 2020 and 2021). Biomass yield (BY), theoretical cellulosic ethanol yield (TEY), theoretical ethanol potential (TEP) with several quality parameters of 10 switchgrass cultivars were evaluated. Highest BY averages were obtained from Boomaster cultivar with 5.28 (rainfed) and 18.45 t ha−1 (irrigated) when Dacotah had the lowest BY averages of 1.55 (rainfed) and 5.29 t ha−1 (irrigated). ANOVA and Genotype Trait Biplot results revealed higher BY, TEY and TEP with lower ADF, NDF and ADL of lowland ecotype cultivars. Lowland ecotypes provided superior results in both rainfed and irrigated conditions with a higher response to irrigation. TEY of switchgrass were found as positively associated with BY, plant height and stem weight which could be used as indicators of TEY for genotype selection. In conclusion, lowland ecotype cultivars of switchgrass were recommended for bioethanol production in water limited environments.

First attested among the administrative titles used in the Türk Qaghanate, the Old Turkic title Buyruq was used by various Eurasian steppe peoples and polities from the 6 th to the 13 th centuries. In this paper, examples of the title Buyruq seen in historical sources are identified and examined, while different views put forth by modern scholars up to the present day are also brought together. Apparently, instead of indicating a fixed ministerial office or a commandership, this title, generally understood as meaning ‘having received an order’, indicates a position for dignitaries that was bestowed by rulers upon officials who were holding numerous administrative titles and were also tasked with certain duties by their rulers.

Simple Summary Vibrio gigantis was first identified as an opportunistic pathogen of European seabass broodstock in Türkiye. The bacterium was isolated from the reproductive organs, liver, and spleen of diseased fish. A representative isolate C24 was unambiguously identified as V. gigantis based on high whole-genome average nucleotide identity values (ANI > 97.7%). Despite causing notable problems in broodstock, the V. gigantis C24 isolate exhibited low to moderate virulence in experimentally challenged juvenile European seabass. Abstract In this study, V. gigantis strain C24 was isolated from cases of winter mortalities of hatchery-reared European seabass (Dicentrarchus labrax) broodstock in Türkiye. The first mortalities were reported in September 2016 and occurred annually in early autumn/late winter until the end of February 2019, when 15% of accumulated mortality was recorded. Diseased moribund fish exhibited general septicemic signs, including dermal ulcerations with hemorrhagic margins, distended abdomens, and hemorrhages below the pectorals, pelvic fins, and at the operculum. Postmortem findings showed congestion in several internal organs, hemorrhagic ascitic fluid, and congested prolapsed anal openings. The representative bacterial isolate V. gigantis strain C24 was characterized as Gram-negative, motile, nitrite-producing, and as vibrio static agent O/129-sensitive. The full-length 16S rRNA sequence (Accession No. ON778781) and gyrB gene sequence (Accession No. ON792326) of the C24 strain showed high similarity to V. gigantis strains. Moreover, the whole-genome average nucleotide identity (ANI) values (ANI > 97.7%) against four V. gigantis strains above the species demarcation limit unambiguously identified the C24 isolate as a member of this species. A preliminary virulence-gene analysis showed that the V. gigantis isolate C24 encoded at least three exotoxins, including two aerolysins and a thermolabile hemolysin. The experimental infection showed that the C24 isolate exhibited low to moderate virulence in experimentally infected European seabass juveniles. Interestingly, antimicrobial susceptibility testing revealed that the C24 isolate was susceptible to nalidixic acid, ciprofloxacin, and several other antibiotics but resistant to tilmicosin, kanamycin, streptomycin, and ampicillin. To our knowledge, this study is the first to report that V. gigantis could be considered an emerging bacterial pathogen in Türkiye, and it may threaten the international European seabass production.

In this study, Schiff bases (SCH-1 and SCH-2) were synthesized from the condensation reaction of 2-aminobenzothiazole with 3-hydroxy-4-methoxybenzaldehyde and 3-hydroxy-4-ethoxybenzaldehyde. Poly(phenoxy-imine)s were synthesized from Schiff bases via oxidative polycondensation by NaOCl (6–14% aqueous solution) as oxidant in alkaline medium and H2O2 (35% aqueous solution) as oxidant in THF medium. The structures characterizations of Schiff bases and poly(phenoxy-imine)s were confirmed by FT-IR, ¹H and ¹³C NMR, CV, UV–Vis and TGA analyses. Limit oxygen index (LOI) and the heat resistance index (THRI) temperature were determined from thermogravimetric measurements of compounds. P-SCH-2-A showed the highest LOI as 45.50 with self-extinguishing according to other polymers (18–30). The optical band gap of P-SCH-2-A was determined to be 1.99 eV. Additionally, the optical band gap energy of compounds were calculated by using the Tauc method. According to the Tauc method, the optical band gap (Eg) value of P-SCH-2-A was calculated to be 2.20 eV. The glass transition temperatures (Tg) and surface properties of poly(phenoxy-imine)s were determined from DSC and SEM analyses, respectively. The weight average molecular weight (Mw) values of P-SCH-1-O, P-SCH-2-O, P-SCH-1-A and P-SCH-2-A were calculated to be 7400, 8400, 3100 and 19,100 g mol⁻¹ from gel permeation chromatography (GPC) measurements. Graphical abstract

Banana is a cash crop in Mediterranean Region of Türkiye, which is grown mainly in greenhouses and open fields. In weed flora surveys carried out in 2021 and 2022, an Eastern Asian plant, Cardamine occulta Hornem. (Brassicaceae), was determined first time in 60% of banana greenhouses in Türkiye. The species had been recorded in Europe in the second half of the 20th century, and then spread especially in urban areas of many European countries and Mediterranean Basin, which implies many habitats in Türkiye under the threat of C. occulta . The main diagnostic morphological features and an identification key are presented in comparison with those for allied C. flexuosa With. and C. hirsuta L. An eradication program is suggested because it is not scattered but limited with banana greenhouses in Türkiye.

This study describes the biomass, age, growth, mortality and reproduction biology of piper gurnard, Trigla lyra. Individuals were obtained with monthly trawl surveys between March 2017 and December 2018 from 34 stations located in the Sea of Marmara, Turkey. Mean Catch per unit effort (CPUE-kg/h) and stock amounts (biomass kg/km²) were calculated as 0,62 kg/h and 8,54 kg/km², respectively. The age interval was determined as between I and VIII. Von Bertalanffy growth parameters were determined as L∞ = 59.92 cm, K = 0.21 per year and t0 = -0.36 for females and L∞ = 78.53 cm, K = 0.13 per year and t0 = -0.41 for males. The total mortality (Z) was determined as 0.55 t⁻¹. The natural mortality (M) and fishing mortality (F) were estimated as 0.36 t⁻¹ and 0.19 t⁻¹. The exploitation rate was determined as 0.35 t⁻¹. The length at first maturity (L50) was calculated as 32.7 cm TL for females and 25.2 cm TL for males. The spawning period of T.lyra was determined between December and April and peaked in March.

Horseshoe kidney is the most prevalent congenital kidney fusion anomaly, affecting 0.25% of the general population and occurring in 1 in 400–1600 births. Approximately 40 percent of patients develop kidney stones due to anomalies. In our case, we aimed to perform combined laparoscopic pyelolithotomy with retrograde intrarenal surgery (RIRS) instead of percutaneous nephrolithotomy (PNL) in a patient with a horseshoe anomaly. This procedure enabled us to detect the location of the mobile stone with RIRS and then successfully extract it with laparoscopic pyelolithotomy. Laparoscopic pyelolithotomy combined with RIRS is a reasonable additional treatment option for complicated stone surgery due to horseshoe kidney anomalies.