Burdur Mehmet Akif Ersoy University

Background The orf virus (ORFV) is a viral pathogen that primarily causes contagious ecthyma in humans and different ruminants. The infection, which is common worldwide, causes large‐scale economic losses to animal breeders. Objective and Methods In this study, tissue samples collected from eight randomly selected goats with dermatological lesions on the teats were examined in different goat herds. B2L gene‐specific primer pairs (PP1, PP3 and PP4) were used to reveal the presence of ORFV by molecular methods and for phylogenetic analysis. Results Viral DNA was detected in four of eight tissues using the semi‐nested PCR method. In addition, the data obtained by performing sequence analyses of the amplicons with positive results were compared with the information of different ORFV isolates registered in the GenBank database. Based on the sequence analysis of the field isolates obtained in our study, it was found that the nucleotide similarities among these isolates and those from Asian countries were 100%. Furthermore, ORFV isolates collected from different species and produced in Türkiye over various periods exhibited homologous nucleotide sequences with similarities ranging from 98.1% to 98.8%. In the phylogenetic tree drawn based on the B2L genomic region, it was observed that our field isolates were classified in Group I together with other Turkish and Asian strains. Conclusion As a result, while other pathogenic agents are considered the cause of disease in goats with dermatological lesions on their mammary tissue, the ORFV should also be evaluated, and protection and control programs should be prepared accordingly.

Objectives Vomiting is frequently observed in cats after dexmedetomidine administration. This study aimed to compare the efficacy of different antiemetics in preventing vomiting in cats after dexmedetomidine administration. Methods Sixty‐four cats were randomly allocated to receive saline solution (0.9% NaCl, 0.1 mL/kg, SC), maropitant (1 mg/kg, SC), ondansetron (0.22 mg/kg, IM) or metoclopramide (1 mg/kg, IM) 30 min before the intramuscular administration of dexmedetomidine (25 µg/kg). Duration of vomiting, severity of vomiting and nausea signs (sialorrhoea, lip licking, retching and vomiting) was recorded for 30 min after dexmedetomidine administration. Results The duration and severity of vomiting were significantly reduced in groups that received maropitant, ondansetron or metoclopramide compared to the saline group. Although differences were observed in retching and vomiting between the saline and other groups (p < 0.001), there were no significant differences in sialorrhoea or lip licking (p = 0.34 and p = 0.12, respectively). Conclusions Maropitant, ondansetron and metoclopramide were found to significantly reduce retching and vomiting compared to the control group. In conclusion, no significant difference was found among maropitant, ondansetron and metoclopramide groups in the prevention of dexmedetomidine‐induced vomiting in cats.

Objective To compare the impacts of Elizabethan collar (EC) and wound protection corset (WPC) on pain and discomfort levels in cats following ovariohysterectomy. Study Design Prospective, randomized controlled clinical trial. Animals Twenty‐six healthy female cats. Methods Animals were randomly assigned to two groups after midline celiotomy: One group wore an EC (n = 13), and the other wore a WPC (n = 13). Pain was evaluated using the Composite Measure Pain Scale‐Feline (CMPS‐F) and the Multidimensional Pain Scale (MCPS) at intervals of 6, 12, 24, 48, 72 and 96 h, with the requirement for rescue analgesia recorded. Discomfort was assessed through cortisol levels, behavioural observations and the frequency of misbehaviours. Results No significant differences were observed between groups at all time intervals for CMPS‐F and MCPS (p < 0.05). Rescue analgesic administration was similar between the groups, with 16 administrations in the WPC group and 17 in the EC group (p = 0.88). Cortisol levels also showed no significant difference between groups (WPC: 0.05 [0.05–0.3] vs. EC: 0.05 [0.05–0.8]; p = 0.09). Behavioural observations revealed significant differences in misbehaviours, with 10 out of 13 cats in the EC group attempting to remove their collars or exhibiting head shaking (p < 0.01), whereas no misbehaviours were noted in the WPC group. Conclusion Both EC and WPC provided comparable pain management; however, the significant misbehaviours associated with EC use suggest increased discomfort level. Clinical Significance The WPC may offer a more comfortable recovery experience for cats following ovariohysterectomy, warranting further investigation.

Willingness to communicate (WTC) is important in English as a Foreign Language (EFL) classrooms as engaging in discourse helps to promote students’ language learning skills. Classroom belongingness and classroom enjoyment have been shown to mediate students’ engagement in classroom activities, as well as their relatedness to fellow students. It is therefore suggested that classroom belongingness and enjoyment have an impact on WTC. Despite this potential link, no research has explored the relationship between classroom belongingness, classroom enjoyment, and WTC among elementary students studying EFL. To address this gap, 300 EFL elementary school learners in Iran completed a questionnaire measuring classroom belonging, classroom enjoyment, and WTC. Results indicated that there was a positive and significant correlation among classroom belonging, classroom enjoyment, and WTC. This study highlights the importance of EFL students’ classroom belonging and enjoyment in their WTC and provides several possible explanations for these correlations. These include the role of respect and support from teachers and peers, learners’ engagement, and the fostering of positive relationships and environments.

Background and Purpose: During pregnancy, the foot is more in contact with the ground; the need for an increase in foot size, increased metacarpophalangeal laxity, and physical changes are among the most common foot problems. The study validated the Turkish Foot Health Assessment Instrument (FHAI) version. Methods: This observational study comprised 261 pregnant women receiving follow-ups at the outpatient clinic. Cronbach’s coefficient α (alpha) and item analysis were used to assess the reliability. Confirmatory and explanatory factor analysis were applied to test the scale’s construct validity. Results: Exploratory and confirmatory factor analysis was used to evaluate the factor structure (Kaiser–Meyer–Olkin = .766, χ ² = 1563.838; p < .001; α = .812). Conclusions: The FHAI is a valid and reliable tool for assessing the foot health of pregnant women living in Turkey.

The current cross-sectional study aims to examine whether spiritual wellbeing mediates between childhood psychological maltreatment and stress-related growth in emerging adults. We also aim to investigate the moderating role of responsibility on the mediating effect of spiritual wellbeing between childhood maltreatment and stress-related growth. The sample of the study consisted of 501 undergraduate emerging adults from different public universities in Türkiye, with 66.5% of whom were female and aged between 18 and 25 years. Results showed that childhood psychological maltreatment had significant associations with responsibility, spiritual wellbeing, and growth. Additionally, spiritual wellbeing acted as a mediator between childhood maltreatment and stress-related growth in emerging adults. Further, the results indicated that responsibility moderated the mediating effect of spiritual wellbeing on the link between psychological maltreatment and stress-related growth. The study results underscore the mediating role of the spiritual wellbeing in the association between childhood maltreatment and stress-related growth and the protective role of a sense of responsibility in this mediating model. Overall, the findings highlight the importance of spiritual wellbeing and responsibility in promoting positive outcomes in emerging adults, particularly in the face of adverse childhood experiences.

Objectives This study aims to analyze the comments about orthognathic surgery-themed YouTube videos through artificial intelligence and remarking the emotional effects of videos on people. Material and Methods In this study, the keyword “orthognathic surgery” was searched on YouTube. In pursuit of recording sub-video comments, comments were analyzed with a machine learning-based emotion analysis algorithm. Results One thousand one hundred and forty-five comments were analyzed in the study. 2 of 4 surgery videos contain real surgery images. Two videos are animated videos about the details of the surgery. Emotions described in comments are sorted as fear (43.7%), joy (21%), anger (14.6%), and sadness (11.6%). Where comments are reviewed in the aspect of sentiment, negative comments were dense (59.3%), respectively, followed by positive (18.3%), very negative (10.6%), and very positive (2.7 %). Regarding sentiment, differences in comments on real and animation surgery videos are statistically significant ( P < 0.05). A significance level of very negative comments was higher in real surgery videos ( P = 0.015). Conclusion Different video formats, animation or real videos, may be used for informing, but we think that watching real surgical operation videos may increase people’s preoperative anxiety.

This report describes cardiovascular and renal soft tissue mineralization and renal intratubular crystals in 13 out of 16 guinea pigs that were given very hard drinking water for 9 months. These animals, aged 14 to 20 months, were experimentally naïve. No clinical symptoms were observed, but 1 guinea pig was found dead in its cage. Necropsy did not reveal any gross findings; however, histologic examination revealed mineralization and crystal formations. Despite no known changes in the feed sourcing or formulation, the possibility that the incident was feed-related was considered. The most recent analysis of the feed obtained from the manufacturer during this period, which was conducted by an accredited laboratory authorized by the Ministry of Agriculture and Forestry, was appropriate. No similar lesions were reported at other centers using the same feed; however, drinking water analysis for total dissolved solids revealed extremely hard water, with elevated levels of calcium and calcium carbonate and low magnesium levels, due to a malfunctioning water treatment system. After installing a new system to balance calcium and magnesium, no new cases appeared over the next 2 years. It was determined that the mineralization and crystal formations were most likely caused by water hardness. This study demonstrates that mineralization typically attributed to feed in guinea pigs can also result from high calcium content in drinking water, highlighting the importance of water analysis in such cases.

Objectives This methodological study aimed to adapt the DLS, introduced for individuals aged 18-60 years, to those aged 60 years and older and to determine its psychometric properties. Methods We collected the data between December 15, 2021 and April 18, 2022. We carried out the study with a sample of 60 years and older living in the city center of Burdur, Turkey. The sample was selected using snowball sampling, a non-probability sampling technique. We collected the data using a questionnaire booklet covering an 11-item demographic information form and the DLS. We utilized reliability and validity analyses in the data analysis. The analyses were performed on SPSS 23.0, and a P value < 0.05 was considered statistically significant. Results The mean age of the participants was found to be 68.29 ( SD = 6.36). The 61-item measurement tool was reduced to 57 items by removing a total of 4 items from the scale. We also calculated Cronbach’s α values to be 0.936 for the mitigation/prevention subscale, 0.935 for the preparedness subscale, 0.939 for the response subscale, and 0.945 for the recovery/rehabilitation subscale. Conclusions As adapted in this study, the DLS-S can be validly and reliably used for individuals aged 60 years and older.

Chiari-like malformations are rare in cats. In this case report, the aim is to share data on the diagnosis and treatment of a Chiari-like malformation in a cat. This case report is for an 8 month old, 3 kg, female, mixed breed cat. The cat was brought in by its owner with complaints of seizures and weakness in the hind limb. Clinical and neurological examination revealed signs of ataxic gait, tetraparesis, allodynia and decreased corneal reflexes. As a result of the examinations, a cranial or cervical lesion was suspected. Magnetic resonance imaging revealed findings such as ventriculomegaly, cerebellar herniation, medullary kinging, syringomyelia, and decreased cerebrospinal fluid flow at the first cervical level. Computed tomography revealed the absence of atlantooccipital overlap. In light of the findings, the patient was diagnosed with a Chiari-like malformation. Phenobarbital, gabapentin, furasemide, and prednisone were used for medical treatment. However, despite a week of medical treatment, no improvement was observed. Foramen magnum decompression was preferred as the operation method and titanium mesh was used to prevent scar tissue formation. The patient, whose condition improved in the postoperative period, died one week later due to aspiration pneumonia.

Stress and well-being are important life experiences, but we cannot improve well-being by avoiding stress. If we want to increase well-being, we can start by determining the relationship between stress and well-being and other factors that may be effective in this relationship. This cross-sectional study investigates the hypothetical mediating and moderating roles of self-transcendence and coping flexibility in the relationship between stress and mental well-being among Turkish university students. A total of 403 students enrolled in a state university in Türkiye participated in the study. The sample was 75% female (n = 302) and 25% male (n = 101), with ages ranging from 18 to 25 years (M = 21.21, SD = 2.70). Findings revealed that stress significantly predicted university students' mental well-being in a negative direction. Furthermore, the study identifies self-transcendence and coping flexibility as hypothetical mediators in the relationship between stress and mental well-being. Finally, it was found that coping flexibility moderated the effect of stress on self-transcendence and mental well-being. Under conditions of high coping flexibility, there are stronger, negative associations between stress and self-transcendence and stress and mental well-being. Overall, this study contributes to the understanding of the important role of self-transcendence and coping flexibility in promoting mental well-being and combating stress in the university environment.

BACKGROUND: Resveratrol (Res) (3,5,4′-trihydroxystilbene) is a natural polyphenol that exhibits important biological activities. OBJECTIVE: To assess the effects of resveratrol (Res) on freeze-thawed survival of semen from Honamli and Hair Bucks. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Six bucks, aged 2–3 years (three from each breed), were included in the study. Semen was collected from each breed and mixed separately after removing seminal plasma. The mixed semen was diluted with different Res concentrations (0 μM as control, 25 μM, 50 μM, 100 μM, 500 μM, and 1 mM) in Tris diluent and subjected to cryopreservation in liquid nitrogen vapor and frozen. After thawing, the samples were evaluated for motility and some spermatologic quality parameters by flow cytometry. RESULTS: Data were analyzed separately for Honamli and Hair breeds. The results showed that the Res 1 mM group had the lowest motility in all assessments (P<0.05). However, no significant differences were observed between the other Res and control groups (P>0.05). In terms of apoptosis, Hair bucks exhibited a statistically significant difference in late apoptotic parameters, with the control showing the highest values (P<0.05). The Res 25 μM group (similar to the control group) showed lower mitochondrial oxidative stress than the Res 1 mM group (P<0.05). CONCLUSION: Res at a dose of 1 mM did not protect most sperm functional and biochemical parameters except for apoptosis and performed worse than the control group. When all parameters are evaluated collectively, concentrations lower than 1 mM should be used for freezing Honamli and Hair Buck semen with resveratrol.

Civil structures are prone to dynamic loadings such as strong winds or ground excitations where torsion becomes an ongoing issue. This arises from a lack of coincidence of the center of mass (CM) and rigidity (CR), known as eccentricity. Seismic design codes often introduce two types of eccentricity: inherent (geometric) and accidental. To account for structural or ground motion uncertainties, an assumption-based solution is provided by many code provisions, which considers the accidental eccentricity as a percentage (5% or 10%) of the building length perpendicular to the direction of exposed ground motion. In this study, as an alternative way to the code design parameters, a new design eccentricity formula that considers the frequency ratio (torsional frequency/translation frequency) and an effective radius of gyration to account for torsional irregularity is considered. For the extended validation of the proposed method, eighteen model buildings with six different floor plans were chosen, representing low, medium-height, and high-rise buildings. Each floor plan had model buildings with three, seven, and twelve stories. The buildings were subjected to selected bidirectional earthquake ground motions and had time history analyses performed. The results of the proposed method were compared to code provision methods, obtained using equivalent lateral force procedures, and also to those obtained utilizing the time history analysis results. It was shown that the proposed method was more effective in estimating the impact of torsional eccentricity and provided a better understanding of its impact on structural dynamic characteristics.

In this study, lavender honey was enriched with different amounts of turmeric extract and dried turmeric powder (1%, 2%, and 4%). Physicochemical properties (pH, electrical conductivity, water activity, color) of the samples were examined. Total phenolic contents of the samples were determined by Folin-Ciocalteu method. DPPH, ABTS, and RP methods were used for antioxidant activities and sensory analysis of the samples was performed. The addition of turmeric reduced the acidity of honey. Electrical conductivity values of dried turmeric-honey samples were found to be higher than the original honey. While the addition of turmeric extract increased the water activity of honey, the addition of dried turmeric decreased the water activity. Turmeric contribution to honey made its color lighter. The redness and yellowness values of honey were increased by dried turmeric. Total phenolic content and antioxidant activity were found to be higher in all samples than the original honey, and the highest sample was the 4% dried turmeric-honey sample. According to sensory analysis scores, honey enriched with 2% dried turmeric was the most liked sample with the highest taste/aroma and general appreciation scores. As a result, an alternative functional food product, with easy consumption and good sensory properties has been created with the turmeric-honey combination. Graphical abstract

Growth regulatory factors (GRF) are plant-specific transcription factors involved in growth, development, phytohormone signaling, and responding to stress factors. Although reported in many different plant species, the GRF family in apricot has not been comprehensively analyzed at the genome level. In this study, 10 GRF genes were identified in apricot using integrated bioinformatics tools, and their genome-wide characterization was performed. Phylogenetic tree analysis revealed that PaGRFs are in the same subfamilies with taxonomically related species. Gene structure and motif analysis showed that PaGRFs have variable structures even in the same groups. Cis-acting elements were identified in the promoter region of PaGRFs, which are involved in plant growth and development, and response to abiotic stresses and hormones. Synteny and evolutionary selection analysis revealed that PaGRFs are closely related to Rosaceae species and are under evolutionarily positive selection. Gene ontology and protein–protein interaction analyses revealed that the predicted PaGRF proteins are linked to several different biological and molecular functions. RT-qPCR expression analysis revealed that PaGRFs showed a variable expression pattern in 12 different developmental stages of leaves, flower, and fruit organs of apricot. The information obtained from this study may be helpful to better understand the molecular evolution model of GRF genes in the apricot genome and to highlight their functions in regulating growth and development.

This paper evaluates VOKI, a digital platform for creating speaking avatars, in the context of Global Englishes Language Teaching (GELT). It firstly outlines the benefits of using animated characters in online tools to personalize language lessons and engage students. As a web-based application, VOKI offers various customization options, including different characters, backgrounds, and speech voices in over 30 languages. The paper describes how VOKI can support GELT pedagogy by exposing students to different English accents and dialects and enhancing their listening and speaking skills with reflections from a 'Listening and Pronunciation' course. It is concluded that despite certain technical difficulties and pedagogical limitations, VOKI seems a valuable tool to support GELT pedagogy.