Bogdan Khmelnitsky Melitopol State Pedagogical University

Aim: The aim is to investigate the influence of physical activity of different orientations on the development of the time perception function in students. Materials and Methods: The research, which was conducted in 2023-2024, involved 195 students aged 17-20 (males), who were divided into two experimental (A and B) and one control (C) groups: group A (n = 65) included students who were engaged in high-speed and strength sports during their studies, group B (n = 61) – students who were involved in endurance sports, and group C (n = 69) – students who were not engaged in sports. The development peculiarities of time perception function were evaluated using V. L. Maryshuk’s method. Results: It has been established that there are insignificant (p > 0.05) changes in the average values of the time perception function under the influence of endurance physical activity. In contrast, under the influence of high-speed and strength loads there is a statistically significant (p < 0.05-0.001) improvement in the time perception function in students. Compared to students who did not do sports, the function of time perception in students engaged in high-speed and strength sports is significantly (p < 0.05). Conclusions: The results obtained can be used to select and orient young people in certain sports and implement medical and biological control of the educational and training process.

In the study, the authors, based on the progress of virtual reality and Metaverse technologies and the growing interest of scientists in the topic of their implementation in higher education, presented a contemporary understanding of Metaverse, its structure (vendor equipment, software, gaming industry technologies, social networking technologies, Metaverse platforms, financial platforms, asset market for tokens and blockchain platforms, and users) and a description of its four types (augmented reality, virtual reality, mirror world, and lifelogging). Having analysed scientific literature, the authors substantiate the emergence of a new post-hybrid learning model — the tribrid model, which, according to the authors, combines traditional face-to-face learning, online learning, and a virtual environment (modelled environment, immersive environment, or Metaverse). Without delving into the theoretical justification, the authors also introduce a new topic — the “quadruple-loop learning model” meaning that artificial intelligence technologies (intelligent agents, AI chats, AI tutors, etc) are added to all elements of the tribrid model of learning. The analysis of systematic reviews of scientific publications on the use of Metaverse technology in higher education shows that Metaverse has significant potential for transforming higher education due to the ability to model immersive and interactive environments, real-life scenarios (e.g., in medicine, architecture, construction), in particular with the help of digital twins, increasing student engagement in the learning process, improving their experience and learning efficiency. Having analysed scientific publications on the use of Metaverse in higher education, the authors analyse examples of its successful use that can serve as a basis for imitation in Ukrainian universities. In particular, virtual simulations and excursions help students learn complex concepts and real-world situations in a more engaging and interactive way; well-designed learning scenarios allow students to be at the centre of learning, offering opportunities for personalized and adaptive learning; well-designed classroom configurations in the Metaverse, realistic avatars, and the use of virtual characters as co-learners for collaboration and knowledge sharing contribute to a greater immersion effect, which in turn improves the learning experience of the learners. Despite limited evidence of effectiveness, Metaverse is recognized as a promising tool for innovation in higher education. It can become a key element of the education of the future, but its implementation requires overcoming technical, legal, and pedagogical challenges.

The article examines collaborative learning as a technology that holds high educational potential for the professional training of future IT specialists. The essence of this technology lies in the fact that students not only work together on creating a specific product but also learn from and teach each other. The purpose of the study is to analyze the experience of foreign researchers in applying collaborative learning technologies in the process of professional training of future IT specialists in higher education institutions, with the aim of developing their professional competencies and social skills. To achieve this, a search and selection of scientific publications were conducted, followed by analysis, synthesis, and systematization of the selected information, culminating in the formulation of conclusions. During the bibliometric analysis, the software tool VOSviewer was used to construct a map of relationships between keywords. In the first stage, publications were searched in the Scopus scientometric abstract database. The analysis of the results showed that the first publications on these issues appeared in the 1990s, and over the past 10 years, interest in them has remained stable. Keyword relationship maps in the publications were also constructed. In the second stage, the content of the selected articles was analyzed to study the experience of foreign scientists regarding various aspects of organizing collaborative learning for future IT specialists: computer support for collaborative learning, assessment of students' learning achievements, development of specific abilities in students, management of the collaborative learning process and providing support to students, and planning of collaborative learning. It was established that the methodological characteristics of collaborative learning determine its effectiveness both for the formation of professional skills and abilities and for the development of social skills. However, the planning, implementation, and reflection of collaborative learning require significant time and effort from teachers, which leads to reduced attention to the control and support of group activities and diminishes the potential positive effect. In view of this, many scientific studies are aimed at developing methodological frameworks and computer tools to support the activities of teachers and learners.

Root-knot nematodes Meloidogyne spp. are sedentary endoparasites that infest a wide range of plant species; they are also widely distributed, making them one of the most economically significant pests. Similarly, damage caused by Aphelenchoides fragariae can lead to substantial reductions in both crop yield and quality. This research focused on the rhizosphere of Helianthus tuberosus L. (variety Albik), grown in a Polish plantation. The experiment was conducted at the National Institute of Horticultural Research in Skierniewice, using concrete rings filled with medium sandy soil amended with 10% peat. The treatments included the following: control (no amendments), silver solution (Ag+) (120 mg/L soil), and vermicompost (Ve) (20 L of Eisenia fetida vermicompost). Each treatment was replicated four times. Compared with control, (Ve) significantly decreased the numbers of Aphelenchoides fragariae and Meloidogyne hapla, by about 48% and 31%. The application of (Ag+) led to the most significant reduction in population density in both nematode species, with A. fragariae decreasing by over 67% and M. hapla by approximately 75%.

When designing wind farms, the first stage is always an assessment of the target area wind energy potential. It is necessary to have a mathematical description of the wind speeds occurrence probability at the wind turbines potential location to do this. An analysis of relevant studies shows that the most effective approach to obtaining such dependencies is when the wind speed is taken as a random variable. In this case, wind speed distribution in the target area can be modeled using continuous probability distributions. This article is devoted to determining the typical probability distribution models for representing wind conditions in certain areas of the Dnipropetrovsk oblast (Ukraine), which can be used to estimate expected level of power generation by wind power plants. To obtain the data, a series of wind speed measurements were taken at three locations throughout the year. After that, frequency wind speed distributions with ranges of 0.2, 0.5, and 0.8 m/s were created from the obtained dataset and then approximated by continuous probability distributions. Frequency distributions were modeled by Weibull, Rayleigh, Nakagami, gamma, normal, log-normal, generalized extreme value, Birnbaum-Saunders, Wald and Rice continuous distributions. To determine the parameters of each type probability distribution, which is the most relevant to the frequency distribution, the maximum likelihood estimation method was used. To assess the accuracy of the models, the Pearson test, coefficient of determination and normalized root mean square deviation are used. The probability distributions quality is also evaluated graphically using Q-Q plots. The best fit to wind speed frequency distributions demonstrated by the Weibull probability distributions. A slightly lower accuracy was provided by the normal, Rice and Nakagami distributions than Weibull distribution. But in some cases, these distributions have even smaller error than the last one. Therefore, after detailed analysis and validation, they can also be used. The Rayleigh distribution had the worst accuracy, the Pearson test for it rejected the null hypothesis that the probability distributions correspond to the frequency distributions at all three locations. Additionally, the effect of the frequency distribution wind speed grouping range on the quality of maximum likelihood estimation of continuous distribution parameters was analyzed. It showed that the approximation accuracy decreases with increasing range.

The relevance of this study lies in the growing shift to online education for displaced universities due to war-related disruptions. The aim is to identify barriers faculty and students face in such institutions and propose strategies for creating a barrier-free educational environment. The study employs a survey-based method, analyzing responses from 224 students and 71 faculty members of a displaced Ukrainian university.Results highlight significant economic barriers, with 79% of students reporting financial difficulties affecting access to stable Internet, modern devices, and essential resources. Virtual isolation was noted by 79% of students as a challenge in maintaining social connections, while 78% cited reduced motivation characterized by the dominance of avoidance motives. Faculty reported psychological stress (85.6%), including anxiety (75%), tremors (54%), and sleep disturbances (45%). Organizational barriers, such as adapting practical courses to online formats and increased workloads due to asynchronous learning, were also prominent.These findings underscore the need for targeted strategies to address the barriers and promote inclusivity and effectiveness in online education. A comprehensive approach integrating institutional, pedagogical, and policy-level interventions is critical for overcoming these challenges.

The hypothesis was tested in order to ascertain whether there is a correlation between geographical and habitat estimates of the optimum for macrophyte species in conditions of a temperature gradient. The influence of asymmetrical response patterns across the environmental gradient on the outcomes of phytoindication was also examined. The study was conducted during the summer of 2023 in the waters of the Dnipro-Orilskyi Nature Reserve, located in the Dnipro region of Ukraine. The temperature optimum of the species was measured during the warmest period of the year and compared with the results of phytoindication and the methods of Ellenberg and Didukh, as well as with estimates of the ecological optimum of species based on habitat data. The study demonstrated a correlation between geographical and habitat-based estimates of the optimum for macrophyte species under temperature gradient conditions. The study sought to determine the correlation between these estimates and those based on point and habitat scales of indicators. The results indicate a significant decline in the abundance of many species under extreme conditions caused by temperature increase. The Didukh scale, after applying the ideal indicator method, demonstrates a high level of accuracy for temperature estimation. The ideal indicator method, which considers the asymmetric distribution of species responses, has shown a high ability to indicate the temperature regime of water bodies in the Dnipro floodplain.

p>The article examines one of the current problems of the modern correctional pedagogy — the public attitude towards persons with disabilities. The attitude towards people with disorders of psychophysical development changes in different historical eras. In European countries, the government system is based on moral and ethical principles aimed at protecting the rights and freedoms of people with special needs. Various historical documents have been studied, indicating changes in public attitudes towards people with disorders of psychophysical development in different historical periods and cultures, as well as the importance of providing corrective defectological assistance to people suffering from various disorders. The tolerant attitude towards people with special health conditions in Kievan Rus is highlighted. Throughout the entire era of Russia’s existence, we see that the Russian people were distinguished by their humane attitude towards people with defects in physical and mental development. It is noted that in society there has been a humanistic evolution of views regarding people with special health needs, thanks to famous historical figures and humanist philosophers.</p

The article considers the content and essential features of partnership, identifies the main principles of partnership, and shows their role in the internal system of ensuring the quality of education in a higher education institution; indicates significant approaches and barriers in the process of implementing partnership pedagogy, the most common methods of cooperation between enterprises and organizations and higher education institutions, clusters of partnership forms and partnership models of business structures and universities. The advantages and directions of partnership in the organization of the educational process of higher education institutions and cooperation with business corporations are substantiated. The purpose of the experimental work was to prove the need to implement the developed author's methodology for forming the communicative competence of future specialists when implementing partnership relations, which will contribute to the growth of the creative level of partnership interaction and, as a result, the communicative competence of the future specialist. The results of the comparison of the ascertaining and formative stages of the experiment indicate positive changes in the levels of formation of communicative competence of future specialists of the experimental group when implementing partnership relations. The results of the experiment make it possible to speak about the effectiveness of the methodology for the formation of communicative competence of future specialists when implementing partnership relations at the formative stage of the experiment.

The article analyzes the peculiarities of the pedagogical experiment aimed at solving the contradiction between the needs of Ukrainian society for highly qualified teachers and the actual state of pedagogical education. The main research methods include mathematical statistics, in particular the calculation of the student's t-test and the nonparametric Pearson test. The hypothesis is that strengthening the personnel potential of vocational education is ensured by the readiness of future specialists to quickly adapt to changing working conditions in production and education. This is ensured by creating appropriate psychological and pedagogical conditions. The results of the study confirmed the effectiveness of the experimental model.

In this work, several methods for studying measuring systems “digital level - barcode staff” are analyzed. The methods of different countries for checking means and technological schemes for monitoring the main metrological parameters of barcode strips are compared. Based on the material studied, it was revealed that metrological support for the “digital level - barcode staff” system is carried out in specialized laboratories, which is not available to every user. As a result, the study revealed that not one of the methods considered the influence of vertical refraction. Based on the research of this article, it is proposed to improve the control technique taking into account the influence of vertical refraction.

This article presents an approach to modeling and visualizing surfaces of complex shapes using interpolation curves with predetermined geometric properties. A modified Bezier curve of n-order was used as interpolation curves. Modification of a Bezier arc into an interpolation curve is possible both with and without preserving tangents. When preserving tangents, the Bezier arc retains its properties as a contour arc and acquires the ability to pass through preset points. The considered modification is possible in several variations: universal, based on the uniform distribution of the parameter during the modification process, and adaptive, when the parameter values are adapted to the initial data. The use of interpolation curves makes it possible to implement a special case of the moving simplex method, an analogue of which in geometric modeling and computer-aided design systems is the section operation (or lofting). The difference is that a continuous curve is used as a generating surface instead of a piecewise one. To ensure the functionality of such a connection, we give examples of models of the surface of an onion dome and a vase using various guides. An analysis of the obtained results was carried out. The introduction of research results into CAD/CAM will significantly expand their tools in terms of shape formation and visualization of surfaces and bodies that have predetermined geometric requirements.

Aim: To explore the multifaceted role of university clinics in shaping medical professionals, advancing medical knowledge, and improving healthcare delivery. Special attention is given to their function as primary platforms for practical training, the development of professional competencies, and the implementation of innovative teaching methods in medical education. Materials and Methods: This article employs an analysis of the organizational structure, educational programs, and research initiatives of university clinics. Case studies, including the experience of the University Clinic of Taras Shevchenko National University of Kyiv, are utilized to provide insights into their operational challenges, successes, and future prospects. Conclusions: University clinics play a crucial role in medical education by fostering professional skills, clinical competencies, and ethical standards in future physicians. They significantly contribute to the evolution of medical education and healthcare improvement through innovative teaching methods and impactful research.

Introduction. The article describes a methodical system for developing professional competencies of future English language teachers based on communicative, cognitive and synergetic approaches. The relevance of the study is due to the need to ensure effective professional training of future teachers in the context of the increasing complexity of the educational environment and the diversity of student needs. The purpose of the study is to design a methodical system based on a complex of approaches that allows creating more adaptive and flexible conditions for the training and professional development of future English language teachers, taking into account modern requirements and challenges in the field of education. Materials and Methods. During the study, a theoretical analysis of scientific literature and legal documents on the issue under study was carried out, as well as a comparative analysis of existing concepts of methodical systems and models for the formation of professional competencies of future teachers. The methods of analysis, synthesis, comparison, generalization and modelling are used in the study. Results. As a result of theoretical and comparative analysis of scientific research, generalization of our own practical experience, a methodical system for developing professional competencies of future English language teachers based on a complex of approaches has been developed, its key components, which ensure the comprehensive and systematic nature of the educational process, have been described, as well as the mechanism of their interaction. All components of the system are presented in target, content, conceptual and methodical, effective blocks. Discussions and Conclusions. The development of a methodology for the formation of professional competencies of future English language teachers based on communicative, cognitive and synergetic approaches in the process of studying special disciplines with a focus on the integration of disciplinarydevelopment and the progressive formation of competencies is a prospect for further research.

Miscanthus × giganteus biomass plays a crucial role in producing renewable energy and bio-based products, supporting global sustainability objectives. However, its introduction into the European Union has made it susceptible to the ectoparasitic needle nematode Longidorus spp., which are known vectors of severe viral diseases. The aim of the presented research was to assess the effectiveness of the following soil amendments: vermicompost from Eisenia fetida and silver nanoparticles (Ag-NPs) applied to the soil with Miscanthus plants following artificial inoculation of Longidorus elongatus. A two-year experiment was conducted at the National Institute of Horticulture Research in Skierniewice using concrete rings filled with medium sandy soil amended with 10% peat. Treatments included: control (no amendments), vermicompost (4 L of E. fetida vermicompost), and Ag-NPs (60 mg/L soil). Each treatment was replicated four times. Application of both vermicompost and Ag-NPs positively influenced soil parameters and crop yield while suppressing nematode populations. Significant reductions in L. elongatus density were observed: vermicompost reduced nematode population by 80% and Ag-NPs by 90% compared to the control (15%).

The functional state of enrichment cultures of the Chlorophycean strain Chlorococcum oleofaciens CAMU MZ–Ch4 under various cultivation conditions was studied. Experiments with different aeration conditions, cultivation durations, and nitrogen and phosphorus concentrations in the medium were carried out to evaluate the growth dynamics of the strain and its biochemical characteristics. The contents of chlorophylls, carotenoids, proteins, lipids, retinol, α-tocopherol, ascorbic acid, phenolic compounds, lipid peroxidation products, antioxidant enzymes (glutathione peroxidase, catalase, superoxide dismutase), and succinate dehydrogenase activity were measured. The lipid content on the fully supplemented Bold’s basal medium increased to 381.03 mg g⁻¹ dry weight at the late stationary growth phase. This value is 1.3–2.8 times higher than in other experiments. The use of aeration was associated with an increased content of proteins at 283.56 mg g⁻¹ and of carotenoids at 2.12 mg g⁻¹. Also, cultures at the early stationary growth phase with aeration showed the ability to accumulate phenolic compounds and ascorbic acid in amounts up to 0.32 mg g⁻¹ and 0.19 mg g⁻¹. The 74-day-old cultures had the highest contents of retinol (0.16 mg g⁻¹) and α-tocopherol (0.68 mg g⁻¹). Growth in nitrogen- and phosphorus-depleted media increased catalase and superoxide dismutase activity. A comprehensive analysis of all data showed that the antioxidant defence system is stress-resistant and flexible under varying aeration conditions and nitrogen and phosphorus availabilities. Thus, the strain CAMU MZ–Ch4 can be considered a potential producer of lipids, pigments, proteins, and vitamins under various culturing conditions.

The importance of seed and vegetative propagation for the spontaneous expansion of black locust on abandoned agricultural land was evaluated in the present study. The dynamics of expansion was reconstructed on the basis of spatial distribution data on the age of individuals of this species. A non-homogeneous Poisson process with a linear trend and a Widom-Rowlinson model were the most appropriate in explaining the spatial distribution of R. pseudoacacia individuals. The negative linear trend was statistically significant for the vast majority of polygons in the area of spontaneous expansion of R. pseudoacacia , but insignificant in the artificial plantation. The model parameter η indicates the aggregated spatial distribution of R. pseudoacacia in the zone of spontaneous spread due to the vegetative mechanism of spread. The distribution of R. pseudoacacia in the artificial tree plantation was close to regular, or either random or aggregated. In the early stages, the seed reproduction is the most likely process of R. pseudoacacia spreading. The seed mechanism of spreading follows a spatial pattern, which is explained by a linear trend. The next stage is a combination of both seed and vegetative mechanisms of spread, which also lasts about 4–5 years. At the last stage, the spread occurs mainly through the vegetative mechanism, and the rate of spread of the community slows down significantly. The trigger for the spread is anthropogenic impact.