Recent publications
Lysinoalanine (LAL) formed during alkaline extraction of rice residue protein (RRPI), which limited its application in the food industry. In this study, the influence of ultrasonication parameters (acoustic power density, ultrasound duration, and ultrasound temperature) on the inhibition of LAL formation and conformational attributes of RRPI during alkaline extraction was elucidated. The results suggested that the acoustic power density substantially modified the chemical interaction forces between RRPI molecules. At a power density of 60 W/L, the ionic bonds (14.37%) and hydrophobic interactions (49.28%) reached the maximum, while hydrogen bonds (15.29%) and disulfide bonds (21.06%) reached the minimum. Moreover, acoustic power density at 60 W/L caused a decrease of 18.02% and 12.2% in α‐helix, and β‐turn, respectively, shifting toward β‐sheet, random coil, with an increase of 7.31% and 36.16%. Following ultrasonication, the protein particle size distribution curve shifted in the direction of smaller particle size, forming a relatively concentrated and uniform protein distribution. Sonication power, temperature, and time decreased the absolute value of Zeta potential. Furthermore, significant destruction in microstructure was elicited by sonication, which made the structure looser and more microparticles. Pearson correlation analysis suggested that the inhibition in the levels of LAL was most influenced by the increase of sulfhydryl groups and Zeta potential, as well as the reduction of α‐helix content, in which the alteration of the total sulfhydryl group content had a great impact on the Zeta potential and the free sulfhydryl group. The principal component analysis demonstrated a notable correlation between the total sulfhydryl group and both the Zeta potential and free sulfhydryl group of RRPI.
The primary objective of this study is to emphasize the importance of maintaining optimal oral health through regular toothbrushing practices. To achieve this objective, a custom-designed electromechanical toothbrush simulator device was developed. This innovative tool enables researchers to investigate the impact of abrasive-based whitening toothpastes on enamel surface roughness compared to brushing without toothpaste. The device design is composed of multiple systems, including mechanical, motorization, and toothpaste irrigation components. The device incorporates various components, including mechanical, motorization, and toothpaste irrigation systems. Specifically, the mechanical aspect comprises fabricated metal parts, 3D printed elements, and a load cell for measuring brushing force. The motorization section integrates a microcontroller and a stepper motor, allowing for the adjustment of brushing cycles and speed. Furthermore, the toothpaste irrigation system employs a pump with adjustable speed, along with a toothpaste canister and a waste receptacle. By providing a controlled environment for evaluating the effects of different toothpaste formulations on enamel integrity, this simulator device contributes significantly to advancements in oral care research and product development.
In this paper, a crescent-shaped four-port MIMO is proposed to deploy in 5 G wireless network coverage with the advantages of wide bandwidth. The MIMO antenna is printed on an RO4003 substrate (εr = 3.55) with a thickness of 0.203 mm and a rectangular slot in the ground plane to obtain the desired performance. The antenna is duplicated two times in an orthogonal arrangement to achieve 4 ports MIMO antenna for capacity improvement purposes. The antenna satisfies an impedance bandwidth of 20 GHz (20.5–40.5 GHz) with an isolation of ≥22 dB. Furthermore, the suggested 4-port MIMO antenna is fabricated and tested to validate the simulated outcomes, and good consistency between results is achieved in terms of scattering parameters, radiation patterns, gain, and diversity parameters. The presented 4-port MIMO antenna is considered a good candidate for future 5 G NR networks due to its competitive advantages.
Background
The inclusion of synthetic amino acids in poultry nutrition plays a crucial role in both enhancing the synthesis of immunoglobulins and elevating the overall comprehensiveness of the amino acid profile.
Objectives
This research examined the effects of consuming threonine (Thr) in various forms levels with low or high oil on broiler chickens' growth and immunity.
Methods
We investigate the growth performance, feed efficiency, immune response, intestinal morphology, absorptive capacity, and expression of some genes related to the feed intake (Pro‐opiomelanocortin [POMC]), fatty acid synthesis (Acetyl‐CoA Carboxylase [ACC]), immunity (lipopolysaccharide‐induced tumour necrosis like alpha factor [LITAF]), and heat shock protein 70 (HSP70). Eight groups of chicks were used, including four dietary Thr levels (100%, 115%, 130%, or 145%) with two oil levels (mixture of sunflower 50% and soybean oils 50%): (control) and high.
Results
The higher dietary Thr level (145%) with high oil inclusion significantly increased ACC and POMC gene expression, resulting in the lowest feed intake, body weight gain (BWG), and liver fat content. Combining high oil with 115% Thr was the optimum for the broilers. The birds have significant (p ≤ .05) growth performance, immune parameters, and intestinal health, as well as the lowest expression of ACC, POMC, HSP70, and LITAF, which was reflected in better feed conversion ratio and lower incidence of fatty liver, thermo‐resistance, and immune status of the birds.
Conclusions
The combination of high oil and 115% Thr levels optimises broiler health and productivity, enhancing growth, immune function, and gut health. This diet lowers the expression of genes associated with fatty liver and stress, leading to better feed efficiency, thermo‐resistance, and overall well‐being. Adopting these dietary adjustments can improve broiler performance and economic viability in poultry farming by enhancing essential productivity metrics.
Non-native plants (NNPs) are known as alien species, which are brought outside of their natural habitats due to human activity and have an impact on the biodiversity of native plants (NPs). Because parks serve as havens for NNPs, they may pose a threat to them. The present study documented the NNPs conserved in the parks distributed in Cairo and the new settlements surrounding it. Thirty field visits were conducted from spring 2022 to Spring 2023 in 19 parks distributed in the study area. In each park NNPs were recorded. Native range, natural habitats and national geographical distribution, ethnobotanical uses, threats, and human risks were determined for NNPs. The results indicated that 37 wild NNPs belonged to 18 families were recorded in the surveyed gardens. Six species belonged to Tropical America, and other six species belonged to Mediterranean region. All recorded species were distributed in the Nile region. Thirty-six species used as medicinal plants and 31 species for human food. All recorded NNPs were exposed to one or several types of threats in their natural habitats, while 10 species were found to have a toxic effect on humans. Our results showed that the Egyptian botanic and public gardens could play an important role in the future as a source of NNPs that could be used for their contributions to ecosystem functioning and services. Also provides evidence for the essential role of public gardens in the Egyptian Nile Region for plant diversity conservation, as helps conserve wild species from other geographical regions.
Background
In light of the existing body of scientific data, many substances are now recognized or reasonably assumed to be human carcinogens. Public knowledge about modifiable environmental carcinogens is regarded as a crucial first step in primary prevention. This study aimed to assess Jordanians' awareness of some of the recognized environmental human carcinogens and general cancer information.
Methods
This study was conducted using a cross-sectional descriptive survey based on a questionnaire completed by Jordanian participants aged 18 or above. The questions consisted of the following sections: socio-demographic characteristics, questions about the prevalent and non-prevalent cancer types in Jordan and general causes of cancer, closed-ended questions to evaluate knowledge about environmental carcinogens as well as factors that influence the development of cancer, source of knowledge about carcinogens and interest in learning about human carcinogens, and the best way for prevention of cancer.
Results
A total of 579 questionnaires were completed. Among respondents, 55.6% ( n = 322) had a knowledge score ≥ 8 indicating good knowledge. However, low awareness was demonstrated regarding cancer-causing substances such as wood dust, Nitrosamines, Aflatoxins, Formaldehyde, Naphthalene, Asbestos, Benzene, and Arsenic. A significant portion of the participants failed to categorize infectious pathogens linked to cancer as variables that either cause cancer or raise the risk of developing cancer.
Conclusion
This study demonstrated a good level of awareness regarding some environmental carcinogens but also highlighted the lack of knowledge about other environmental carcinogens. These findings may provide a guide for future awareness programs by health authorities.
Cystic ovarian disease (COD) with uterine abnormalities is a postpartum reproductive pathology in Egyptian buffaloes causing significant economic losses. In this study, we aimed to employ various diagnostic methods for detecting cystic ovarian disease (COD) in Egyptian buffaloes. tour study assessed the effectiveness of the GnRH/PGF2α protocol as a treatment strategy. Our goal was to determine if this protocol could effectively reduce economic losses associated with cystic ovarian disease and improve herd fertility in Egyptian buffaloes. Eighty Egyptian buffalo cows were included in this study. They were identified to have follicular cysts through rectal examination, which was confirmed by ultrasonography. These buffaloes were then divided into two main groups: the COD Control (untreated) (GA) (n = 40) and COD group (GB) (n = 40) treated with GnRH/PGF2α. According to our immunological studies, buffaloes in the COD-treated group (GB) exhibited significantly lower serum levels of pro-inflammatory cytokines (IL-6, IL-1β, and TNF-α) compared to the control group. This observation was consistent with the decline in E2 levels and the increase in P4 levels (p < 0.01–0.001) observed in the treated animals compared to the untreated group. Furthermore, serum cortisol and glucose concentrations decreased in COD-treated buffaloes. Histopathological examination of ovaries and uterine tissue from slaughtered COD buffaloes has revealed significant structural alterations. These include the presence of ovarian cysts of varying sizes with vacuolar degeneration. Additionally, lymphoplasmacytic endometritis was observed in the uterine tissue of affected animals, featuring degeneration and desquamation of the endometrial lining accompanied by infiltration of mononuclear inflammatory cells. Severe and prolonged cases of COD, which did not respond to treatment, exhibited marked adverse pathological changes upon histopathological assessment of the genital tract. In conclusion, hormonal treatment with GnRH/PGF2α appears to be effective in treating COD-affected animals. The study provides valuable insights into the immunological, biochemical, and histopathological aspects of cystic ovaries associated with uterine disorders in Egyptian buffaloes, while also evaluating hormonal treatment for cystic ovarian disease as a means to minimize economic losses and improve herd fertility in this species.
Different oncologists make their own decisions about the detection and classification of the type of ovarian cancer from histopathological whole slide images. However, it is necessary to have an automated system that is more accurate and standardized for decision-making, which is essential for early detection of ovarian cancer. To help doctors, an automated detection and classification of ovarian cancer system is proposed. This model starts by extracting the main features from the histopathology images based on the ResNet-50 model to detect and classify the cancer. Then, recursive feature elimination based on a decision tree is introduced to remove unnecessary features extracted during the feature extraction process. Adam optimizers were implemented to optimize the network’s weights during training data. Finally, the advantages of combining deep learning and fuzzy logic are combined to classify the images of ovarian cancer. The dataset consists of 288 hematoxylin and eosin (H&E) stained whole slides with clinical information from 78 patients. H&E-stained Whole Slide Images (WSIs), including 162 effective and 126 invalid WSIs were obtained from different tissue blocks of post-treatment specimens. Experimental results can diagnose ovarian cancer with a potential accuracy of 98.99%, sensitivity of 99%, specificity of 98.96%, and F1-score of 98.99%. The results show promising results indicating the potential of using fuzzy deep-learning classifiers for predicting ovarian cancer.
Objective
A recent study was designed to ascertain the impact of extracorporeal shock wave therapy (ESWT) on upper trapezius trigger points in cervicogenic headaches patients.
Design
A double-blinded randomized controlled trial study, in which 50 participants (11 male and 39 female) aged between 20-40 with cervicogenic headache were subdivided with randomization to group (A), which received traditional physical therapy and sham shock wave therapy, and group (B), which received traditional physical therapy and actual shock wave therapy. All assessments were performed by a therapist before and after the treatment program (four weeks).
Results
Significant improvement of headache disability index, visual analogue scale scores, and upper trapezius electromyographic characteristics with p-value <.05 in both groups, in favor of the shock wave group.
Conclusion
Extracorporeal shock wave therapy (ESWT) could be used for clinical and research concerns because it's positive effects on pain suppression, reduction of headache intensity, and restoration of muscle regular activity in cervicogenic headache patients.
The advancement and proliferation of digitalization and communication infrastructure have facilitated the rise of real-time bidding markets in smart grids. In these dynamic markets, energy distribution companies and power-generating companies interact to establish energy exchange contracts based on offered prices. However, the fluctuation in power flow resulting from contract changes within the real-time bidding market introduces a potential vulnerability that malicious attackers can exploit to launch successful stealthy attacks. To enhance the smart grid resiliency against cyber-attack in the power market bidding environment, a new barrier-function adaptive finite-time trajectory tracking control is proposed in this paper. The developed controller is utilized to actively counteract and mitigate potential cyber-attacks to ensure their rejection and prevention. The stability analysis convincingly demonstrates the rapid convergence of system states within a finite time frame, empowering the system to effectively reject cyber-attacks in real-time. Test results of an IEEE test systems considering governor dead bound nonlinearity and communication time delay are presented and compared with those obtained from other methods to ensure and demonstrate the performance of proposed method. The Speedgoat real-time target machine, along with Simulink real-time, validates the effectiveness of the proposed method.
Different types of lipid-based nanocarriers in management of rheumatoid arthritis.
The paper aims to establish diverse types of the soliton solutions for the integrable Kuralay equations to discuss the integrable motion of the induced space curves by these equations. The solitons arising from the integrable Kuralay equations are considered by tall superiority and qualitative studies for many effective phenomena in various fields such as ferromagnetic materials, nonlinear optics and optical fibers. There are two various schemes are suggested to establish these diverse types of solitons that arise from this model, namely the extended simple equation method and the Paul-Painleve approach method. New diverse types of the soliton solutions that appear in forms of periodic trigonometric function soliton solutions, parabolic function soliton solutions, singular soliton solutions, W-like soliton solutions and M-like soliton solutions have been documented. The suggested techniques are used for the first time for this target. The achieved soliton solutions will offer a rich podium to study the nonlinear spin dynamics in magnetic materials. Moreover, we will construct the numerical solutions for all achieved soliton solutions by using the differential transform methods. The comparison between the new achieved soliton solutions with its consistent numerical solutions has been documented.
Background. Burnout is a common syndrome among healthcare providers which affects their quality of life and the healthcare service they provide. Physical therapists in burn units are at high risk to develop burnout due to several stressors. Objective. This study’s main objective was to evaluate the extent of burnout experienced by physical therapists employed in burn units. Design. The present study employed a cross-sectional study. Methods. A total of 520 physical therapists, aged 24–44 years, working in burn units of Egyptian hospitals participated in our study. Burnout evaluation was conducted using the Maslach Burnout Inventory Human Services Survey (MBI-HSS). Results. 520 physical therapists participated in the study, about 50% of them were aged between 30 and 40 years, and about 44.9% had a bachelor’s degree. Females represented 63.3% of them. According to the results of the MBI-HSS assessment, it was found that 73.5% of the participants exhibited symptoms of burnout on the emotional exhaustion (EE) scale, while 44% displayed burnout on the depersonalization (DP) scale. Additionally, 51% of the participants reported low personal accomplishment (PA) on the scale measuring this construct. Results confirmed that men, more than women, experienced depersonalization, and they were less satisfied with their professional accomplishments. Conclusion. Physical therapists working in burn units who responded to the survey expressed severe burnout. To assess the impact of burnout on physical therapists working in burn units and to create strategies to lessen it, more study is needed.
The development of new drugs for the inhibition of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) development and progression is a critical and urgent need. The median survival rate for HCC patients remains disappointingly low. Vinpocetine is a safe nootropic agent that is often used to enhance cognitive function. The impact of vinpocetine on HCC development and progression has not been fully explored. Our main objective was to investigate the possible inhibitory role of vinpocetine in rats exposed to diethylnitrosamine. We observed that vinpocetine increased the survival rate of these rats and improved the ultrastructure of their livers. Additionally, vinpocetine reduced the liver weight index, mitigated liver oxidative stress, and improved liver function. In both in vitro and in vivo settings, vinpocetine demonstrated antiproliferative and apoptotic properties. It downregulated the expression of CCND1 and Ki-67 while exhibiting anti-BCL-2 effects and enhancing the levels of Bax and cleaved caspase-3. Vinpocetine also successfully deactivated NF-κB, STAT3, and HIF-1α, along with their associated transcription proteins, thereby exerting anti-inflammatory and anti-angiogenic role. Furthermore, vinpocetine showed promise in reducing the levels of ICAM-1 and TGF-β1 indicating its potential role in tissue remodeling. These findings strongly suggest that vinpocetine holds promise as a hepatoprotective agent by targeting a range of oncogenic proteins simultaneously. However, further approaches are needed to validate and establish causal links between our observed effects allowing for a more in-depth exploration of the mechanisms underlying vinpocetine’s effects and identifying pivotal determinants of outcomes.
Freshly, consumers gave full awareness about the diet ingredients, namely fats and sugar, and their consequences. Fat replacers "mimetics" are, therefore, recently utilized in many foodstuffs to imitate the technological and sensorial functions of lipids without unhealthy side effects. Meanwhile, the shortage of structural knowledge on the technological aspect, functional properties, applications , challenges, and stability features of fat replacers-based on animal proteins (FR-AP) significantly impedes the advancement of functional and sustainable constituents. This review summarizes the use of protein microparticles, nanofi-bers, microgels, and oleogels as fat replacers in dairy products and dairy alternatives. We also highlighted the advantages and limitations of FR-AP to be a platform for further industrial applications and valorization. However, although the current evidence is promising, further large-scale studies are still needed instead of the pilot ones. The mechanism through which health benefits and their bioavailability are granted is also rare. Therefore, we have compiled research results from recent studies with future needs.
Many research studies on photodegradation, energy storage applications, and biosensing have focused on single and mixed Cu and Mn divanadates (MV2O6 , M ²⁺ = Cu ²⁺ and/or Mn ²⁺ ). In this work, MV2O6 was synthesized, and its electrical conductivity and dielectric properties were studied. The electrical and dielectric properties were investigated in a frequency range of 0.1-300 kHz and a temperature range of 298 K to 573 K. The results indicate that the DC conductivity, AC conductivity, dielectric constant, dielectric loss factor, and loss tangent of the investigated materials increase with temperature, which support the contribution of grains and grain boundaries to the electrical properties. The materials exhibit non-Debye type relaxation, as indicated by the progression of the relaxation frequency. As frequency increases, the activation energy of AC conduction decreases, indicating that hopping conduction is the dominant mechanism. In all samples, the DC conduction activation energy is higher than the AC conduction activation energy. The circuit model was used to estimate the relaxation times. The results revealed remarkable dielectric characteristics, notably higher dielectric loss tangent values at frequencies below 1 kHz. Consequently, these materials can be used as electromagnetic attenuation absorbers.
Graphical Abstract
New Schiff base ligand: 4-methoxy salicaldhyde-2-2-phenyl-hydrazono acetaldehíyde prepared by facile method. The molecular structures characterized by elemental analysis and proton magnetic resonance spectra (¹H-NMR spectra). This spectra at the chemical shifts (3.5–10.39 ppm) confirmed the types and the numbers of protons. The sharp melting point at the range 110–112 °C confirmed purity. New optically active metal (samarium, terbium and gadolinium) complexes of the Schiff base synthesized in a one pot reaction. Vibrational IR spectra confirmed functional groups. Scanning electron microscopy micrographs confirmed that the modified microstructure of the metal complexes differed in morphology than the ligand. Powder X-ray diffraction patterns confirmed good crystalline structure. The optically activity of the solid metal complexes confirmed from electronic absorption spectra. The UV absorbance band at the wavelength range 280–390 nm and the intense phosphorescence bands up to 830 nm enabled application in photo dynamic therapy for apoptosis cancer cells by conversion triplet oxygen in the tissues into reactive singlet oxygen. Low charge transfer energy: 2.59–2.61 eV, high molar extinction coefficients (ε) at the order of magnitude M− 1 cm− 1 and the intense phosphorescence bands reflected good photodynamic activity. The metal complexes are thermally stable.
This paper deals with a class of fractional neutral delay systems involving proportional Caputo derivative. Maintaining the finite‐time stability of fractional‐order systems is a major challenge, as their capacity to mimic complex dynamics draws more attention to them. Therefore, the paper presents a novel finite‐time stability criterion based on the Banach fixed‐point theorem. A decomposition formula for proportional Caputo derivative is provided. This formula allows us to derive a new numerical technique for efficiently solving the proposed problem. Finally, extensive numerical results are performed to illustrate and validate the proposed theoretical results.
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