Beijing Institute of Technology

Community-based Payments for Ecosystem Services (CB-PES) has received continued attention because of its ability to help Payments for Ecosystem Services (PES) improve local outcomes and sustain community support. This study scrutinizes the role of community-based incentive coordination in PES using the case of China's Wolong Nature Reserve (WNR). Combining theoretical modeling and empirical analysis of the WNR, this study demonstrates that CB-PES can deploy a range of incentive-coordinated techniques and practices, eventually improving economic outcomes for stakeholders and environmental benefits for society. In addition, this study also highlights the fact that CB-PES aiming to achieve incentive coordination relies on participatory intermediary governance. Finally, designing community-based incentive coordination mechanisms in PES remains challenging, as it also depends on coordinated conservation efforts to optimize the economic outcomes and environmental benefits of PES.

Interlayer structure engineering of Ti3C2Tx MXene, constructed by in situ polymerized poly (ethylene glycol) methyl ether acrylate (PPM), significantly enhances interlayer spacing and ion transport of Ti3C2Tx. The PPM, featuring...

In graphic composition design, the use of color can determine the overall feeling and communication effect of the work. This paper proposes a color image quality evaluation method based on the characteristics of color perception, so as to improve the application effect of color perception in graphic composition design. First, two images are randomly selected from the existing database to construct image pairs, and their preference class labels are estimated based on their corresponding subjective quality scores, which weakens the problem of learning image quality score prediction into a classification problem of quality preference learning. Then the three color features of color harmony, color contrast and color richness and the related luminance features of the images are extracted, the feature difference vectors of the image pairs are calculated, and the mapping problem from the feature difference vectors to the preference class labels is transformed into a binary classification problem for solving by using the machine learning classification algorithm. Finally, the TID2013 database is selected for image quality evaluation. The experimental results show that color perception can effectively improve the subjective and objective consistency of color distortion types. Applying the proposed method to the graphic composition design, the mean values of the works designed under the method are better than the ordinary works in all kinds of eye movement indexes, which indicates that color perception can improve the visual attractiveness of the works in the graphic composition design.

The surface quality of polycarbonate optical lenses during injection molding is critical to their optical performance. This study investigates the formation mechanism of haze‐like defects on aspherical lenses under different injection speeds through a combination of simulation and experimental methods. Inappropriate injection speed leads to the appearance of noticeable haze‐like opaque regions on the surface of aspherical lenses. Microscopy observations indicate the presence of oriented fiber flow lines in these haze‐like regions. The experimental findings suggest that the formation of these fiber flow lines is closely related to injection speed, gate position, and abrupt changes in the flow region. Through Moldflow numerical simulations, the filling and flow behavior under different injection speeds were analyzed. The study reveals that in abrupt flow cross‐section transition regions, elevated injection velocities induce significant variations in melt flow velocity, shear rate, and shear stress. High shear conditions trigger flow instabilities, while localized flow resistance caused by abrupt cross‐sectional changes further amplifies these instabilities. Furthermore, localized pressure fluctuations promote bubble nucleation and premature melt solidification, ultimately leading to fiber flow mark formation. These findings establish a crucial theoretical foundation for the surface quality enhancement of polycarbonate optical lenses.

Developing an effective tailoring approach to overcome the intrinsic trade‐off between detonation power and safety in energetic materials is crucial for micro‐electromechanical detonation systems but remains challenging. Herein, the anchoring of the high‐energy‐density yet highly sensitive primary explosive copper azide (CA) onto an N‐doped reduced graphene oxide (NrGO) shell (denoted as CA@NrGO) is reported via electronic interactions. This approach simultaneously achieves a three‐fold enhancement in mechanical safety, a ≈36‐fold improvement in electrostatic safety compared to pure CA, and high detonation capacity. Theoretical calculations reveal that the electronic interaction between NrGO and CA not only facilitate energy dissipation from mechanical forces acting on CA—via intralayer compression and slip, thereby enhancing mechanical safety—but also promote interfacial electron transfer from CA to NrGO, preventing charge accumulation in CA and improving electrostatic safety. Furthermore, the excellent detonation power of CA@NrGO is demonstrated in a micro‐detonation device, where 6 mg of CA@NrGO reliably initiated 20 mg of the secondary explosive CL‐20. This work highlights how manipulating electronic interactions between energetic materials and their supports contributes to the design of high‐energy‐density yet safe energetic materials for miniaturized detonation devices.

Simultaneous Localization and Mapping (SLAM) is a crucial technology for intelligent unnamed systems to estimate their motion and reconstruct unknown environments. However, the SLAM systems with merely one sensor have poor robustness and stability due to the defects in the sensor itself. Recent studies have demonstrated that SLAM systems with multiple sensors, mainly consisting of LiDAR, camera, and IMU, achieve better performance due to the mutual compensation of different sensors. This paper investigates recent progress on multi-sensor fusion SLAM. The review includes a systematic analysis of the advantages and disadvantages of different sensors and the imperative of multi-sensor solutions. It categorizes multi-sensor fusion SLAM systems into four main types by the fused sensors: LiDAR-IMU SLAM, Visual-IMU SLAM, LiDAR-Visual SLAM, and LiDAR-IMU-Visual SLAM, with detailed analysis and discussions of their pipelines and principles. Meanwhile, the paper surveys commonly used datasets and introduces evaluation metrics. Finally, it concludes with a summary of the existing challenges and future opportunities for multi-sensor fusion SLAM.

Biometrics has been increasingly integrated into wearables for enhanced data security in recent years. Meanwhile, wearable popularity offers a unique chance to capture novel biometrics via embedded sensors. In this paper, we study new intracorporal biometrics combining the uniqueness of heart motion, bone conduction, and body asymmetry. Specifically, we introduce HeartPrint, a passive yet secure user authentication system exploiting the bone-conducted heart sounds captured by (widely available) dual in-ear microphone s (IEMs). To eliminate interference, we devise a novel method combining modified non-negative matrix factorization and adaptive filtering. This extracts clean heart sounds while addressing interference of body sounds and audio produced by the earphones. We further explore the uniqueness of IEM-recorded heart sounds in three aspects to extract a novel biometric representation, based on which HeartPrint leverages a convolutional neural model equipped with a continual learning method to achieve accurate authentication under drifting body conditions. Furthermore, user-friendly registration and energy-effective authentication are facilitated by a data augmentation method using transformer-based GAN and an authentication interval control method. Extensive experiments with 45 participants confirm that HeartPrint can achieve 1.6% FAR and 1.8% FRR, while effectively coping with major attacks, complicated interference, and hardware diversity, while exhibiting robustness in real-world environments.

Transfer technique has become an indispensable process in the development of two‐dimensional materials (2DMs) and their heterostructures, as it determines the quality of the interface and the performance of the resulting devices. However, how to flexibly and conveniently fabricate two‐dimensional (2D) twisted heterostructures with high‐quality interfaces has always been a formidable challenge. Here, a quasi‐dry transfer technique assisted by water vapor intercalation (WVI) is developed, which can be flexibly used to fabricate twisted heterostructures. This method leverages a charged hydrophilic surface to facilitate WVI at the interface, enabling the clean and uniform detachment of 2DMs from the substrate. Using this method, the twisted monolayer/few‐layer graphene and 2D quasicrystal‐like WS2/MoS2, highlighting the surface/interface cleanness and angle‐controlled transfer method is successfully fabricated. Besides, suspended structures of these 2DMs and heterostructures are fabricated, which offers substantial convenience for studying their intrinsic physical properties. Further, a high‐performance hBN/graphene/hBN superlattice device with the mobility of ≈199,000 cm² V⁻¹ s⁻¹ at room temperature is fabricated. This transfer technique ingeniously combines the advantages of dry transfer and wet transfer. Moreover, it features excellent scalability, providing crucial technical support for future research on the fundamental physical properties of 2DMs and the fabrication of quantum devices with outstanding performance.

As population aging intensifies and automation technology advances, robotic massage has emerged as a significant healthcare innovation. However, participants often experience discomfort and fear when facing cold robot arms. This study proposes and validates a Mixed Reality (MR) solution integrating high-fidelity virtual massage therapists with robotic massage systems to improve participant experience. We evaluated three conditions: real robot arm, virtual robot arm, and virtual massage therapist. Results demonstrate that virtual anthropomorphic representation significantly improves participant trust, positive affect, and engagement while reducing psychological barriers. Despite challenges like increased oculomotor strain, our research confirms MR technology’s potential in enhancing psychological acceptance of robotic massage, opening new avenues for robotic massage services that may extend to other intimate human-robot interaction scenarios.

Designing efficient low‐cost earth‐abundant metal electrodes for enhanced energy storage and sluggish oxygen evolution reactions (OERs) poses significant challenges in electrochemistry. Herein an innovative approach to boost the activity of FeOOH nanorods for energy storage and catalytic OER by initiating intrinsic sulfate ion (SO4²⁻) modulation is proposed. Through a one‐step hydrothermal synthesis using a polymeric ferric sulfate precursor, it is successfully cultivated sulfated iron oxyhydroxide (S‐FeOOH) nanorods. Remarkably, the presence of sulfate ions effectively prevented the transformation of FeOOH into less active Fe2O3, even under elevated temperature. Annealing induced the leaching of sulfate ions, leading to structural rearrangements with shorter Fe‐O bond lengths and the formation of sulfate‐textured FeOOH (ST‐FeOOH) with additional active sites, consequently increasing the material's surface area. Importantly, compared with reported non‐noble metal catalysts, the ST‐FeOOH nanorods exhibited significantly enhanced energy storage capabilities (3684 mF cm⁻²) and catalytic performance in the OER. With a low overpotential of 173 mV to achieve a current density of 10 mA cm⁻², fast OER kinetics (39 mV dec⁻¹), and exceptional stability exceeding 80 h, these nanorods demonstrate their potential as efficient OER catalysts. This work demonstrates sulfate ion modulation's role in tailoring FeOOH nanorods for advanced cost‐effective electrodes and OER electrocatalysts.

Real-time visualization and tracking of epileptic seizures are important for studying epilepsy pathogenesis and treating epilepsy; however, the requisite sensing is extremely challenging, primarily due to the transient and intricate nature of neural activity associated with epilepsy. The onset of epilepsy is closely correlated with increases in peroxynitrite (ONOO⁻) levels, a reactive nitrogen species that can serve as a biomarker for epilepsy. However, the fleeting biological half-life and high reactivity of ONOO⁻ has historically impeded its direct visualization within the epileptic brain. This study explores the efficacy of manganese(ii) texaphyrin (MMn), a water-soluble and stable expanded porphyrin, in dynamically sensing ONOO⁻ and providing real-time tracking of epileptic seizures using a custom-built photoacoustic imaging (PAI) setup. UV-vis spectral analyses established the preferential sensitivity of MMn to ONOO⁻ over other reactive oxygen species (ROS), as well as its effectiveness through multiple usage cycles when rejuvenated via reaction with suitable reducing agents. This selectivity was recapitulated in vitro as determined through PAI experiments. In vivo application of this technique revealed that MMn administered intravenously crosses the blood–brain barrier (BBB) in a pentylenetetrazole (PTZ)-induced epilepsy mouse model and provides an observable 14.1 ± 3.7% reduction in photoacoustic (PA) signal intensity within the hippocampal region during epileptic seizures. Multiple decreasing–increasing cycles of PA signal intensity could be detected in the hippocampal region in this model; the observed effect thus mirrors closely the course of epileptic seizures inferred from mouse tail curling. Similar cyclical patterns were also seen in the motor cortex, a finding consistent with the extensive spread of epileptic activity throughout the brain. To the best of our knowledge, the present investigation represents the first real-time visualization and tracking of epileptic seizures using a peroxynitrite-specific sensing probe in combination with photoacoustic imaging (PAI). This approach enables deeper brain imaging while simultaneously capturing dynamic ONOO⁻ fluctuations, offering biochemical insights into epilepsy pathogenesis. By integrating deep-tissue imaging with neurochemical monitoring, this method lays the foundation for potential advances in epilepsy management and treatment.

An efficient VASP integrable AxisOpt program for cell/atomic optimization with symmetry constraint for 2D/3D crystal system is presented, which will contributed to the high throughput calculation, battery material design, crystal engineering, etc .

Ag3Sn plays a connecting role in the bonding between a Sn-based solder and an Ag substrate due to its excellent connectivity performance. Therefore, it is particularly important to explore the Ag3Sn/Ag interface. The binding energies, interfacial energies, wetting behaviors, electronic structures, and interfacial bonding properties of fourteen Ag(2̄2̄4)/Ag3Sn(002̄) interfaces were investigated by using the first-principles calculation. The layer spacing convergence results show that an eight-layered Ag(2̄2̄4) surface and a nine-layered Ag3Sn(002̄) surface are enough thick to be chosen for the interface models. The calculated results showed that the surface energies are 0.91 , 0.91–0.96, and 0.70–0.75 J/m² for the Ag(2̄2̄4) surface, Ag3Sn(002̄) surface I, and Ag3Sn(002̄) surface II, respectively. It is shown that the interface I (A-Sb) configuration is the most stable structure with the largest adhesion work and the smallest interface energy. The calculation results for the contact angle indicated that the interface I (A-Sb) configuration exhibits good wettability. The density of states and electron difference density were calculated for the four most representative interfacial configurations. In addition, the results showed that the main bonding characteristic of the interface I (A-Sb) configuration is composed of Ag–Sn and Ag–Ag covalent bonds.