Ankara Sosyal Bilimler Üniversitesi

The present study aimed to investigate hostile and benevolent sexist experiences of women in Turkey. We translated and adapted the Experiences with Ambivalent Sexism Inventory (EASI) and the Experiences with Benevolent Sexism Scale (EBSS) to the Turkish culture, which has higher average rates of sexism than the U.S., where the scales were originally developed. Three samples of college women (Ns = 245, 455, and 555) rated the frequencies of EASI and EBSS events. We also assessed participants’ psychological well-being (i.e., life satisfaction, self-esteem, self-efficacy), aspirations, and ambivalent sexist attitudes. The findings provide preliminary support for the construct validity of the scales in a Turkish context, demonstrating that the EASI and EBSS measure benevolent experiences (i.e., protective paternalism, complementary gender differentiation, and heterosexual intimacy) and EASI also assesses hostile experiences (i.e., hostile sexism and heterosexual hostility). More frequent experiences of hostile sexism, protective paternalism, and complementary gender differentiation were related to lower levels of well-being, whereas heterosexual hostility and heterosexual intimacy were related to higher levels of well-being. Heterosexual hostility and heterosexual intimacy were also related to higher extrinsic aspirations. Participants rated benevolent experiences as more frequent but less distressing than hostile ones. Overall, these findings indicate that ambivalent sexist experiences are significant for women’s psychological wellbeing and aspirations.

In Türkiye, women’s NGOs have gained significant influence in gender politics, especially since the country’s turn towards neoliberalism. A survey conducted among 735 members of women’s NGOs revealed that, contrary to expectations, many members hold gender inequitable attitudes, highlighting a lack of gender consciousness within these organizations. Key findings indicate that support for gender equality is higher among participants in Ankara than in Istanbul, and that factors such as education, political ideology, and socio-economic status significantly shape these attitudes. The persistence of patriarchal beliefs within these organizations suggests the need for a deeper analysis of the socio-political and structural barriers that hinder gender equality. This study provides critical insights into the intersection of civil society, gender attitudes, and advocacy in Türkiye.

BACKGROUND Tomatoes are a significant product of the Mediterranean region and a crucial component of the Mediterranean diet. The formulation of dried tomato products enriched with proteins and bioactive compounds could be a strategic approach to promote adherence to the Mediterranean diet. Six different novel tomato products were analyzed using different protein enrichment sources (pea proteins and leaf proteins) and drying technologies (hot‐air dryer, microwave vacuum dryer, and conventional dryer). The novelty of this approach lies in combining product‐specific criteria with global societal factors across their life cycles. Using 21 criteria and an analytic hierarchy process (AHP) survey of experts, the social sustainability score for each product was determined through a multi‐criteria assessment. RESULTS The tomato product's life cycles have minimal regional impacts on unemployment, access to drinking water, sanitation, or excessive working hours. However, they affect discrimination, migrant labor, children's education, and access to hospital beds significantly. The study identified nutritional quality as the top criterion, with the most sustainable design being a tomato bar enriched with pea protein and processed using microwave vacuum drying. CONCLUSION The study revealed that integrating sensory and nutrient compounds into social sustainability assessments improves food sustainability and provides a practical roadmap for social life cycle assessments of food products. It emphasized the importance of considering global social issues when reformulating Mediterranean products to ensure long‐term adherence to the Mediterranean diet. Incorporating social factors into sustainability scores can also enhance the effectiveness of product information for conscious customers. © 2024 The Author(s). Journal of the Science of Food and Agriculture published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd on behalf of Society of Chemical Industry.

This article argues that the securitization of the Kurds and other opposition groups along with an anti-Western discourse has become a useful political strategy for the governing Justice and Development Party (Adalet ve Kalkınma Partisi, AKP) in Turkey. The party used these security framings to put the opposition on the defensive by equating Turkey’s survival with the maintenance of AKP’s rule. This securitization of domestic politics has also shaped the content of the category of ‘enemy’ in foreign policy with particular repercussions for Turkey’s policy towards Syria. Drawing on a discourse analysis of President Recep Tayyip Erdoğan’s Twitter posts between May 2013 and May 2023, and declarations made by prominent AKP government figures, this article reveals that the government has used securitization as a strategic tool to reinforce populist dualities. The article also shows that vague and situational conceptualizations in securitization processes provide useful channels through which the government shapes and legitimizes its foreign policy.

As part of a multifaceted foreign policy, Türkiye has strengthened its relations with African countries by focusing on political, economic, humanitarian, and cultural cooperation. In 1998, the Turkish government introduced the African Initiative Policy, which laid the foundation for the country’s growing influence, especially in Sub-Saharan Africa. Türkiye reached a significant milestone in 2005, known as the “Year of Africa,” when it became an observer member of the African Union (AU). With the AU’s recognition of Türkiye as a strategic partner by 2008, its influence and cooperation with Africa has substantially increased.

The potential and problems in Africa have attracted the attention of several actors, including Türkiye, to the continent. This article aims to contribute to the debates surrounding this interest by analyzing common characteristics of Africa-oriented policies. In particular, this analysis focuses on the key parameters that shaped Türkiye’s initiatives through a historical perspective. We argue that the Turkish policy toward Africa revolves around several concepts. Our analysis of Türkiye’s Africa policy decision-making is structured around several guiding principles: a bipartisan approach, maintaining an autonomous policy, a rational and pragmatic approach, as well as mutual affirmation. To examine policy priorities across different periods, primary sources such as parliamentary minutes, election programs, and diplomats’ memoirs were analyzed, alongside periodicals from the Ministry of Foreign Affairs. The consistent principles of Türkiye’s Africa policy include bipartisan support across governments, autonomous decision-making, and a rational, pragmatic focus on economic diplomacy. Mutual recognition and respect for African sovereignty have also been essential, resulting in a positive reception and growing partnerships with African nations.

The Syrian civil war began in March 2011 and spread throughout the country in April 2011. Therefore, in this study news articles and columns published in 2011 were selected and analyzed through purposive sampling. This study uses content analysis to examine the coverage of Syrian President Bashar al‐Assad in mainstream print newspapers with different ideological orientations in Türkiye. The theoretical framework of this study is based on the concept of localization of foreign news. The research has the potential to reveal both the transformation of the tone of media texts over time and the similarities and differences in the coverage of an international conflict by newspapers with different ideological orientations. Despite ideological differences, the study reveals similarities in the orientation of the newspapers studied toward local interests. The dominance of Turkish officials as news actors, the limited portrayal of Syrian security forces, and the selection of photographs reinforce the parallel stance with Turkish foreign policy. The media's tone toward Assad and Syrian politics became more negative and critical as the conflict escalated.

The increasing integration of technology into our lives has been affecting our daily routines and even our sleeps. Being a relatively new concept, phubbing refers to the act of overly engaging with one’s phone while dismissing those around in the social settings. In this context, partner phubbing involves individuals exhibiting this neglect in the presence of their romantic partners. Evidence suggests that higher partner phubbing may lead to lower relationship satisfaction and higher perceived stress. The aim of the present cross-sectional study was to examine whether relationship satisfaction and perceived stress mediate the relationship between partner phubbing and sleep quality. Four hundred twenty-three individuals (females = 78.5%, Mage = 29.19, SD = 6.87) participated in the study and completed the measures of partner phubbing, relationship satisfaction, perceived stress, and sleep quality. The results of the serial mediation analyses showed that partner phubbing was not a direct predictor of sleep quality. However, the relationship between partner phubbing and sleep quality was mediated by the four indirect paths through relationship satisfaction (β = 0.04, p < .05), perceived stress (β = 0.09, p < .05), relationship satisfaction-perceived stress (β = 0.02, p < .05), and perceived stress-relationship satisfaction (β = 0.00, p < .05). The findings suggest that partner phubbing may diminish sleep quality by reducing relationship satisfaction and increasing perceived stress levels. Alternatively, perceived stress exacerbated by partner phubbing could reduce relationship satisfaction, which eventually worsens sleep quality. Digital detox programs, group interventions, emotion-focused couple interventions, and stress management training can help overcome the effects of partner phubbing on sleep quality.

To what extent do the major trends, perceptions, and narratives in the Indo-Pacific geostrategic discourse influence the great-power rivalry? The multipolar international order is characterized with intense rivalry of great and emerging powers in a technological environment. Ambitious powers seeking domination and control, innovate geostrategic institutional frameworks and alliances. Security perceptions and discourses including; normative strands, operational frames, proximate movements, military maneuvers, technological optimism, and duality of domestic-international strategies continue to shape the strategies of the rival powers especially in the Indo-Pacific Region. AUKUS geostrategic security innovation is embedded in the Indo-Pacific security-threat perceptions and discourses to complicate China’s ambiguous long-wait geo-strategy in the regional and international order rivalry.

Plain language summary What do language learners think about the roles their teachers adopt in an online setting? In 2019, a pandemic, COVID-19, introduced sweeping and potentially irreversible changes to many aspects of our lives, including education. COVID-19 expedited the adoption of online education in every corner of the world (WHO, 2020). However, this rapid transition to the online mode of delivery, despite some likely advantages, created havoc, as educational institutions had to quickly divert from their traditional modes of education to the online mode regardless of the country or educational setting. Naturally, under such circumstances, learners might expect more support and are highly likely to believe that their teachers should also act differently. Understanding what roles learners believe their teachers employ and what roles they should assume can be conducive to a smoother transition from the earlier traditional mode of education to the online one. Furthermore, it can muster the support system that needs to be in place. In this study, we share learners’ perceptions of teachers’ roles. The findings can help policymakers, teachers, and students to make better sense of the online context of teaching and learning.

This research focused on the effects of prior experiences based on the imprinting theory that how individual-level imprints are transferred to the organizational level. The research attempted to answer the question of how owners’ career imprints affect the performance of ventures. Ventures operating in the technology sector were categorized according to their academic and industry background. The results showed that although academic-partnered ventures were found to generate more patents, their performance is lower than non-academic partnered ventures. This research has theoretical and practical contributions providing results that show different institutional contexts lead to different outcomes through the occupational imprinting effect.

Cognitive Behavioral Therapy in group settings (CBTG) has proven to be an effective treatment for obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD). This study aims to evaluate the effectiveness of CBGT for obsessive-compulsive disorder OCD compared to the control condition in the Turkish-speaking population with a treatment protocol that considers cultural aspects. Seventy-five participants were assigned to the intervention, and 46 were assigned to the control condition randomly. All participants were evaluated before and after the therapy with a demographic information form, Structured Clinical Interview for Diagnosis, Yale-Brown Obsessive Compulsion Scale, Beck Anxiety Inventory, and Beck Depression Inventory. CBGT for OCD decreases levels of obsession, compulsion, depression, and anxiety more than control conditions with large effect sizes (d > 0.8, p <.05). This study shows the effectiveness of CBGT for OCD compared to the control condition in the Turkish-speaking population. Improvement in depression and anxiety alongside OCD symptoms is a strength of the CBGT applied.

This study investigates whether divorcees feel less worse-off when divorce is more prevalent around them. The 2013 Life Satisfaction Survey in Türkiye, which has approximately 196,000 observations and province-level representative data, is utilized. We used three province-level indicators about the prevalence of divorce to measure the impact of the social context on divorcees’ well-being. First, we replicate the previous findings that divorce is associated with lower happiness. Secondly, regardless of the measure used, living in a divorce-prevalent setting slightly mitigates the happiness disadvantage of divorcees. Thirdly, perceived social pressure plays a role in the lower happiness of divorcees regardless of the provincial divorce prevalence measures. Overall, the results show that the substantial psychological costs of divorce remain even after addressing the social dimensions of divorce with different measures.

The drone delivery problem (DDP) has been introduced to include aerial vehicles in last-mile delivery operations to increase efficiency. However, the existing studies have not incorporated the communication quality requirements of such a delivery operation. This study introduces the communication-aware DDP (C-DDP), which incorporates handover and outage constraints into the conventional multi-depot multi-trip green vehicle routing problem with time windows. In particular, any trip of a drone to deliver a customer package must require less than a certain number of handover operations and cannot exceed a predefined outage duration threshold. A mixed integer programming (MIP) model is developed to minimize the total flight distance while satisfying communication constraints. We present a genetic algorithm (GA) that can solve large instances and compare its performance with an off-the-shelf MIP solver. Computational study shows that the GA and MIP solver performances are equivalent to solving smaller instances. We also compare the GA performance against another evolutionary algorithm, particle swarm optimization (PSO), for larger instances and find that the GA outperforms the PSO with slightly longer CPU times. The results indicate that ignoring the communication constraints would cause significant operational disruption risk and this risk can be easily mitigated with a slight sacrifice from flight distances by incorporating the proposed communication constraints. In particular, the communication performance can be improved by up to 28.9% when the flight distance is increased by 19.1% at most on average.