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In order to calculate traffic capacity of signaled intersections, it was suggested to apply an approach based on the concept of congestions. The paper states examples of traffic capacity calculation.
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The traffic growth and oversaturated intersections become complex challenges that need to search for solutions and innovative alternatives to reduce delay and improve the operational performance of signalized intersections. Long vehicle delays and failure cycle times or signalized crossings due to queue blockage require studying and assessing the a...
Citations
... The MFP and MFP(s) diverged when they reached intersection with a large flow in the east-west direction in the rush hours. This phenomenon can be explained by the difference in traffic capacity in different directions of the intersection [30,31]. Main roads usually have greater right-of-way, so the drivers from the east tended to go straight while driving to in the Figure 12 example. ...
... The MFP and MFP(s) diverged when they reached intersection I 1 with a large flow in the east-west direction in the rush hours. This phenomenon can be explained by the difference in traffic capacity in different directions of the intersection [30,31]. Main roads usually have greater right-of-way, so the drivers from the east tended to go straight while driving to V d in the Figure 12 example. ...
The Time-Period-Based Most Frequent Path (TPMFP) problem has been a hot topic in traffic studies for many years. The TPMFP problem involves finding the most frequent path between two locations by observing the travelling behaviors of drivers in a specific time period. However, the previous researchers over-simplify the road network, which results in the ignorance of transfer costs at intersections. To address this problem more elegantly, we built up an urban topology model consisting of Intersection Vertices and Connection Vertices. Specifically, we split the Intersection Vertices to eliminate the influence of transfer cost on finding TPMFP and generate Trajectory–Topology from GPS records data. In addition, we further leveraged the Footmark Graph method to find the TPMFP. Finally, we conducted extensive experiments using a real-world dataset containing over eight million GPS records. Compared to the current state-of-the-art method, our proposed approach can find more reasonable MFP in approximately 10% of cases during off-peak hours and 40% of cases during peak hours.
... [4,5,6] The analysis of the content of works devoted to the issue of improving road safety aimed at studying the influence of the driver, improving the capacity of roads, traffic management on the road network. [7,8,9] For clarity, we will display the components of the theory of road safety in the form of a pyramid, the construction of which is based on the principle of "analysis -preventionprovision -control -consequence". ...
The analysis of the content of legislative, regulatory and technical sources regulating activities in the field of road safety in the Russian Federation is carried out. The federal target programs adopted for implementation in different years aimed at improving the state of road safety are studied. The object of the study is the theory of road safety. The theory is based on the principle of protecting the life and health of citizens enshrined in the Constitution of the Russian Federation. Several levels are considered from the point of view of the development, implementation and control of the effectiveness of measures to improve road safety. The result is obtained in the form of a single pyramid of the theory of road safety. The theory assumes the appearance of a significant factor in the assessment of the state of safety in transport processes. The presented concept allows you to predict the state of road safety.
... A number of methods have been found in foreign literature that allows us to consider the escape routes capacity [2,3,4,5]. In most cases, the method of imitation modeling is used [2,3]. ...
The relevance of the research is that despite the already studied method of evacuation modeling, it is not widely used, especially in Russia. There is also a tendency to an increasing destructive capacity of the heart rate, which increases the probability of complete evacuation of the population and material assets. The purpose of this article is to develop and test a simulation model that allows you to calculate the characteristics of a locality and transport infrastructure, allowing you to predict the process of evacuation in advance of the appearance of negative emergency factors. The model was developed based on the Anylogic software product. As a result of the experiments, indicators were obtained, which can be used to make a conclusion about the possibility of evacuation in the selected locality.
... If you want to optimize traffic control, you have to challenge traffic forecasting, recognition, and removal of traffic pre-congestions occurrences; exclusion of roadblocks on the road. The traffic control system of major cities should be able to provide information to the driver if there is traffic congestion on the route the driver wants to pass through and maybe suggest an alternative road for the driver [16] To increase or improve road safety, improve the efficiency of road transportation networks or to prevent accidents and deaths of people at road intersections, a signalized road intersection must be introduced on the road. Signalized intersections are usually used by developed countries with large urban road transportation network. ...
... Signalized intersections are usually used by developed countries with large urban road transportation network. Usually to reduce traffic congestions and ensure strict adherence to traffic rules by drivers [16]. ...
The increase in both rural and urban road traffic flow in recent years has led to several disasters in the transportation sector which include traffic congestion, accidents, and high rate of pollution. Alternative traffic control measures are needed whenever there is failure of conventional traffic control or real time traffic issues at road intersection. This current study seeks to investigate the stability and efficiency of Artificial Intelligence (AI) techniques, the artificial neural network (ANN) for eliminating or reducing traffic volume in the case of non-autonomous vehicles in a mixed South African traffic flow conditions. Electronic traffic data of one hundred and twenty six (126) vehicles were observed from Mikros Traffic Monitoring (MTM) firm, a subsidiary of Syntell Group of Company, South Africa. The traffic data was obtained via the traffic technologies employed at MTM which are basically sensor embedded on road surfaces to monitor and control vehicles which passes the traffic counter daily. The dataset obtained from MTM was trained, tested and validated using artificial neural network model under signalized road intersection in heterogeneous condition by using the class description of the vehicles, and corresponding speed as input variables. After series of training, the results suggest that ANN model produced the best possible results for traffic congestion in a heterogeneous traffic condition.
... The issues of the city transport processes modeling are addressed at many works, including the discussion of the particular aspects of the city transport system stability improvement by intellectualization of public transport and provision of its priority at the road (Makarova et al., 2016), use of alternative means of transport for the public transportation (Gorbachev, 2017), increase of the traffic safety (Batishcheva et al., 2017, Safiullin et al., 2018, improvement of the throughput functionality due to crossroads optimization (Chubukov et al., 2017), and issues of an ecological burden caused by transport flows (Yakimov, 2017, Yakimov et al., 2018. ...
The issues of the city transport system and transport nodes assessment concerning the possibilities of express assessment by analytic methods and accurate forecast of its development by transport (imitation) models are discussed. Localization of the assessments for the transport services consumers and transport companies enables to implement the functions of the city transport regulation by the municipality. The social and economic factors of the city transport development for increasing the transport quality and public access are considered.
... However, further growth of motorization of the regional capital leads to significant traffic complications. Therefore, at the early stages of traffic growth, it is advisable to take pro-active actions to prevent congestions inthe urban road system, both systematic and random, which are considered in the paper of Chubukov et al. (2017). The studies on passenger service models set forth the proposals to assess the level of passenger service. ...
The studies conducted in Chelyabinsk showed that the main requirement of passengers for public transport is the speed of transportation. Many authors believe that the most efficient way to improve the speed of passenger transportation by public transport is allocation of dedicated lanes for public transport. However, this method has no visible effect under conditions of non-congested traffic. The analysis of was conducted for the traffic along Lenin Avenue in Chelyabinsk where a “green wave” mode fortraffic speed of 50 km/h exists from SUSU to the center, while a so-called “red wave” mode exists from the center to SUSU, since the 5 out of 6 traffic lights are red for the main traffic flow. The analysis showed that the public transport moves slower in direction of the current “green wave” than in the opposite one where the speed of public transport is almost close to the speed of passenger car transport. Thus, setting the “green wave” mode for public transport under non-congested traffic conditions allows to bring the speed of public transport as much as possiblecloser tothe speed of the car transport as much as possible, which will contribute to abandonment of personal transport in favor of public one for everyday trips.
... Then it should be able to pass the distance (within the intersection) from the stop line to the most distant conflict point with vehicles starting movement in the following phase" (Kashtalinsky et al., 2017;Ryabokon, 2017;Shesterov and Mikhailov, 2017). In this case, the use of the intermediate interval duration above 8 s is considered inexpedient since it leads to transport delays (Afanasyev and Panfilov 2017;Chubukov et al., 2017). ...
An analysis of effective principles and proposals to determine the duration of the traffic lights change interval is carried out. The traffic lights cycle consists of green and change intervals. The green interval resolves the issue of the street-and-road-network traffic capacity at junctions, and the change interval provides traffic safety. Its purpose is to rule out the situation when different conflicting flows come to one point at the same time. The existing approaches resolve the issue of spatial and temporal separation of conflicting flows of vehicles only, thus reducing the change interval duration to the period of "yellow" light activation equal to 3 s. This approach together with the ambiguous wording in the Road Traffic Regulations (RTR) regulating the order of pedestrian entering the trafficway at controlled crosswalks does not provide pedestrian safety. On the one hand, the effective RTR allow vehicles to complete passing intersections when drivers have no capability to stop in places listed in Item 6.13 of the RTR (in particular, in front of the stop line). This leads to vehicle approaching the crosswalk as a conflicting flow facing the red light. On the other hand, other requirements set forth in the RTR allow pedestrians to enter the trafficway (at controlled crosswalks) starting with the moment of green light switching-on. Issues connected with drawbacks of the effective RTR lead to a conflict between vehicles finishing passing the controlled intersection and pedestrians starting moving following the green light. A method for calculating the duration of the traffic lights change interval for a specific direction, providing pedestrian safety, is developed.
... During the study, approaches of social audit were used, which included the following (Chubukov et al., 2017a(Chubukov et al., , 2017b: To compare the efficiency of measures in the field of ensuring regional children's safety in traffic (i.e. to conduct a performance audit) and determine the degree of risk in the region, an equation (model) correlating the population size and the number of vehicles in a constituent entity of the Russian Federation with the number of minors killed in road accidents (see Figure 1). ...
Nowadays, deaths and injuries of people in road accidents represent an important issue of global healthcare. In the Russian Federation, main causes of death and disability among people of various age include road accident injuries. Such injuries are also high on the list of factors which affected the significant number of severe accidents and their consequences. The vast majority (95.7%) of those accidents occurred in cities and villages. Nearly two-thirds (61.2%) of the total number of minors (pedestrians) who became victims of road accidents were constituted by students of secondary schools at the age of 7–14. Road accident injuries in children can be prevented with the help of active forms of teaching to behave safely on roads of inhabited localities.
... As a consequence, the response time to the green light grows longer, the street-androad network traffic capacity decreases, and the number of small accidents increases due to the lack of attention. The theories of flow movements and traffic signalization developed by Babkov, Silyanov, Kremenets and others did not take this factor into account (Chubukov et al., 2017a;Kotov and Pospelov, 2017). ...
For the last 15 years, the assessment of consumer properties of products at the automobile market has been considering multimedia system specifics instead of dynamic properties or design safety. Is this new global trend anomalous or is this another step towards autonomous control? To answer this question, the authors analyzed the evolutionary development of automobile control systems where adaptation, automation and synthesis were defined as three primary trends. The authors determined several stages of technical and man-made adaptation. Some associated issues are formulated, in particular, an inverse effect of implementing vehicles with automatic control.
... According to researches (Nikolaev et al., 2016a(Nikolaev et al., , 2016b(Nikolaev et al., , 2017Chubukov et al., 2017aChubukov et al., , 2017b, it is insufficient to consider only the traditional "driver-vehicle-road-environment" (DVRE) system to decrease the accident rate, especially when switching to autonomous control. The authors suggest considering the expanded driver-vehicleroad-objects-environment system (DVROE). ...
... Teaching the vehicle to take free lanes with traffic moving in the same direction. The excessive psychological desire of drivers to make use of any space available usually leads to accidents; however, within the prudent limits, it improves the traffic capacity of the street-and-road network (Chubukov et al., 2017a(Chubukov et al., , 2017bKotov and Pospelov, 2017;Malinovsky et al., 2017;Maksimychev et al., 2016). ...
The paper puts forward six control paradigms depending on the type of relations between subsystems in the driver–vehicle–road–objects–environment system. Primary issues of transition to the highest automation levels are listed. They are legal, social, and technological ones. The authors suggest a number of practical recommendations to solve issues of transition to autonomous control.
