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Background
Considering the current high consumption of energy drinks, the aim of the present study is to evaluate the influence of energy drinks in removing the smear layer and exposing dentinal tubules on root surface.
Methods
Dentine root surfaces were exposed using a diamond bur. Forty movements of scaling were performed in the area prepared in...
Contexts in source publication
Context 1
... lowest level of pH in energy drinks was the Sports Drink (2.52 ± 0.11) and the highest level of pH in energy drinks was the RedBull (3.81 ± 0.21). All pH values of energy drinks are shown in Table 1. Distribution of scores assigned to each group using the friction application are shown in Figure 2. Kruskal- Wallis followed by Dunn's test showed a significant influence of energy drinks on smear layer removal between the following groups: FlyingHorse ™ and control (p < 0.05); Bug ™ and control (p <0.001). ...
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Citations
... Prolonged contact of resin-based materials with environments containing large amounts of water and acids can lead to expansion of the resin matrix, hydrolysis of the silane, and consequently the formation of microcracks and voids [8]. In the literature, it has been reported that beverages containing acidity regulators such as phosphoric acid, malic acid and citric acid cause hydrolysis of ester radicals in PMMA monomers and disruption of the structural integrity of resin composite materials [51,52]. Citric acid and sodium citrate in beverages such as commercial orange juice are examples of these effects. ...
This study evaluated the color stability, surface roughness, and hardness of 3D-printed and heat-polymerized denture materials. A total of 90 samples were prepared, with equal numbers of 3D-printed and heat-polymerized disks. The initial hardness, surface roughness, and color values of the samples were measured. After 14 days of immersion in distilled water, natural orange juice, or commercial orange juice, the measurements were repeated. Based on the findings, 3D-printed samples exhibited a greater reduction in Vickers hardness (56.24 ± 15.81%) compared to heat-polymerized samples (18.93 ± 11.41%). Materials immersed in commercial orange juice exhibited a greater reduction in hardness compared to those in other solutions (43.13 ± 23.66). Surface roughness increased by 46.66 ± 26.8% in heat-polymerized samples and by 26.16 ± 20.78% in 3D-printed samples, with the highest increase observed in commercial orange juice (50.73 ± 28.8%) (p < 0.001). The color change (ΔE) was significantly higher in heat-polymerized samples (ΔE = 5.05 ± 0.28) than in 3D-printed samples (ΔE = 3.9 ± 0.26) (p < 0.001). This study demonstrates that the material type and immersion solutions play a critical role in determining the mechanical and optical properties of denture materials, with commercial orange juice having the most pronounced effect on surface roughness and hardness.
... The pH measurement and data collection were carried out at the laboratory facilities of the Universidad Católica de Valencia San Vicente Mártir (Santa Úrsula Campus). A pH meter (SU 051 026) was used for pH measurement, which is widely used in the literature for the study of different beverages [6,14,15]. ...
... The findings of this research confirm the variability in acidity levels of energy drinks, as previously documented in related scientific studies [6,15,20,24]. Regarding preworkout supplementation beverages, their pH can also be classified as low, although compared to energy drinks, these values are more alkaline. ...
... In previous research, various authors have evaluated the erosive capacity of some commonly consumed beverages, using a pH meter, similar to our study, for quantifying these values [6,15,21,25]. ...
Background
Erosive tooth wear is an increasingly common pathology in the youth population. It refers to the chronic, localized, painless loss of dental hard tissues caused by non-bacterial acids, often originating from external sources like acidic beverages. Energy drink consumption is on the rise, frequently preceding physical exercise to enhance perceived energy levels. However, there are other types of beverages that also provide energy, such as pre-workout drinks, classified as sports drinks. The main objective of this research study has been conducted with the purpose of analyzing the pH of energy drinks and pre-workout beverages, and studying the frequency of consumption of such beverages in amateur athletes who practice sports.
Methods
A total of 67 beverages were examined, comprising 43 energy drinks and 24 sports supplementation beverages, also known as pre-workout or pre-training beverages. The participants were given a survey to complete. They were asked to respond whether they consumed any type of pre-workout or energy drink, and they were also asked about the timing of consumption.
Results
The findings indicated an average pH of 3.3 among the studied beverages, indicating a pH below the critical threshold. Out of the 113 participants, 51% reported taking some form of supplementation.
Conclusions
Consequently, it was concluded that most of the analyzed beverages recorded pH values low enough to classify them as erosive, posing a threat to enamel surface. When analyzing the frequency of consumption of energy drinks and pre-workout beverages in amateur athletes, we observed that most participants aged 29 years or younger took supplements 3 to 5 times a week, while the older age groups more frequently took supplements 1 to 2 times a week.
... (35) In addition, Pinto et al found that energy drink intake may lead to cervical dentin hypersensitivity by removing the smear layer of the teeth. (36) Beneficial effects: ...
This study aimed to establish a sensitive method for the detection of proline-rich polypeptide-1 (PRP-1) in biological
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... [9] The degree of erosion has been evaluated using various techniques, such as profilometry, atomic force microscopy, Scanning electron microscope (SEM), microradiography, iodide permeability, confocal laser scanning, and the microhardness test for measuring the loss of dental hard structures and softening of tooth tissues by erosive processes. [10] Various studies have established the effect of carbonated beverages, fruit juices, and teeth erosion, but studies on the effects of fresh fruit juices are very rare and have not been researched much. [11] Therefore, this present study aimed to evaluate and compare the effect of various beverages such as carbonated drinks (thumbs up), fresh (apple and pomegranate), and packaged fruit juice (apple and pomegranate) on tooth surface morphology studied under SEM. ...
Aim and Objectives
The study aimed to evaluate and compare the effect of various beverages carbonated drinks, i.e., thumps up, fresh fruit juice (apple and pomegranate) and packaged fruit juice (apple and pomegranate) on tooth surface morphology under scanning electron microscope.
Materials and Methods
Thirty recently extracted intact caries-free human permanent teeth were disinfected with 5.25% of sodium hypochlorite solution and autoclaved at 240°F, 20 psi pressure for 40 min. Each tooth was sectioned into 4 enamel sections yielding 120 sections which were embedded in resin using a prefabricated mold. Prepared samples were immersed as Group I - thumps up, Group II - fresh apple juice, Group III - packaged apple juice, Group IV - fresh pomegranate juice, Group V - packaged pomegranate juice, and Group VI - normal saline. Each immersion was done daily for 30 min over 14 days after which samples were scanned under scanning electron microscope (SEM). The data obtained were subjected to statistical analysis using Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS Version 23; Chicago Inc., IL, USA).
Results
The highest surface roughness was noted in the fresh pomegranate and packaged pomegranate groups with a mean of 2.9000 ± 0.30779 followed by thumbs up group. The greatest mean of cracks was noted in thumbs up group with a mean of 2.500 ± 0.51299 which was significant at P = 0.000. The greatest mean of score was noted in thumbs up group with a mean of 2.3000 ± 0.65695 which was significant at P = 0.000.
Conclusion
The present study demonstrated that all drinks were erosive in nature with thumps and pomegranate juice showing significantly higher erosiveness than apple juice ( P < 0.01).
... Multiple previous studies have found that carbonated beverages contain added acidity regulators (phosphoric acid, malic acid, and citric acid) (Pinto et al., 2013) that cause hydrolysis of ester radicals in resin monomers and lead to degradation of resin composite materials (Ayre et al., 2014;Paula Mathias, 2014). ...
Objective
To investigate the effect of common beverages on four currently used provisional restoration materials: Protemp®4, Integrity®, polymethyl methacrylate (PMMA) block, and acrylic resin. Flowable resin composite is included as a control group.
Materials and Methods
Each material was formed into disks of 10‐mm diameter and 4‐mm thickness ( N = 40) by loading the material into acrylic molds. The exposed surface in the mold was covered using a glass slide to prevent an oxygen inhibition layer, and polymerization then proceeded. The solidified disks were placed in distilled water for 24 h. These samples ( n = 8) were then immersed for 14 days in one of four different beverages: water, orange juice, cola, and coffee. Changes in color dimension, hardness, and roughness were observed and then analyzed using two‐way repeated analysis of variance.
Results
The provisional materials had more obvious changes in all three color dimensions than the flowable resin composite. Integrity showed the biggest changes, followed by acrylic resin and PMMA block, whereas Protemp had the smallest changes. The hardness of all the materials significantly decreased after immersion in any of the beverages for 14 days. There were no changes in surface roughness when the materials were immersed in distilled water. The surface roughness of the PMMA block significantly decreased in orange juice whereas that of Integrity and acrylic resin significantly increased in cola.
Conclusion
Different kinds of provisional materials had different degrees of staining due to their composition. Moisture had a significant influence on the hardness of materials, and the acidity of cola significantly roughened the surface of the provisional materials.
... Las actividades deportivas de alto rendimiento tienen efecto sobre la salud oral y las medidas nutricionales que abarcan la ingesta elevada de carbohidratos en su forma de azúcares simples y en bebidas energizantes y/o hidratantes, siendo cariogénicos y repercutiendo en la generación de enfermedades dentales (Cochrane et al. 2012;Pinto et al. 2013;Barbero et al. 2017), aunado a cambios en el pH de la cavidad oral, generado por alteraciones en la composición de la saliva debido al esfuerzo físico de los entrenamientos y las competencias (Tripodi et al. 2021;Ceyhan et al. 2020;Ntovas et al. 2022). En años recientes, en el ámbito del alto rendimiento deportivo, ha surgido el interés por el estudio de las condiciones de salud oral e higiene bucodental en los deportistas de diferentes disciplinas, dada la asociación entre patologías dentales (de la Parte et al. 2021;Kragt et al. 2019;Carvalho et al. 2019), como caries, gingivitis y enfermedad periodontal (Azeredo et al. 2020;Gámez-Calvo et al. 2023;Needleman et al, 2016;Solleveld et al. 2015), con el aumento de la presentación de lesiones musculares (Botelho et al. 2021), repercutiendo negativamente en la calidad de vida y en el desempeño deportivo individual y, por ende, de equipo (Gallagher et al. 2018;Castilho et al. 2022;Ashley et al. 2015). ...
Los futbolistas se someten a altas cargas de entrenamiento y competencia, aumentando el riesgo de lesiones musculares. Valoraciones pretemporada de parámetros como medición de creatina quinasa y la evaluación de salud oral, se describen como necesarias para prevenir lesiones; sin embargo, en el fútbol actualmente se conoce poco sobre la relación de lesiones musculares con dichos parámetros. El objetivo del estudio fue determinar la relación entre lesiones musculares con niveles de creatina quinasa y salud oral en futbolistas de un equipo profesional colombiano. Se trató de un estudio transversal descriptivo en 30 futbolistas. Se recolectaron datos de evaluaciones médicas deportivas, valoraciones odontológicas, niveles de creatina quinasa y lesiones musculares durante una temporada. El análisis de datos se realizó con el programa software-R versión 4.2.0. Se encontró un coeficiente de correlación de 0.708 (p<0.05) entre lesiones musculares y el índice dientes cariados, perdidos y obturados; hubo una correlación positiva moderada entre creatina quinasa y lesiones musculares con un coeficiente de correlación de 0.469 (p=0.009). Se presentaron lesiones musculares en 73.33% de futbolistas y 57 lesiones durante la temporada. El índice dientes cariados, perdidos y obturados fue muy alto en el 56.67% de los jugadores, los niveles de creatina quinasa estuvieron entre 38 mcg/l y 699 mcg/l. Se encontró una correlación entre la presentación de lesiones musculares con valores elevados de índice dientes cariados, perdidos y obturados y creatina quinasa sérica, en la población estudiada, definiendo la importancia del seguimiento de estas variables como estrategia de prevención de lesiones deportivas. Palabras clave: lesiones en Deportes, tejido muscular, creatina quinasa, caries dental, índice CPO, salud bucal. Abstract. Soccer players undergo high training and competition loads, increasing the risk of muscle injuries. Preseason assessments of parameters such as creatine kinase measurement and oral health evaluation are described as necessary to prevent injuries; However, in soccer, little is currently known about the relationship between muscle injuries and these parameters. The objective of the study was to determine the relationship between muscle injuries with creatine kinase levels and oral health in soccer players from a Colombian professional team. This was a descriptive cross-sectional study in 30 soccer players. Data were collected from sports medical evaluations, dental evaluations, creatine kinase levels, and muscle injuries over one season. Data analysis was performed with the R-software program version 4.2.0. A correlation coefficient of 0.708 (p<0.05) was found between muscle lesions and the decayed, missing and filled teeth index; There was a moderate positive correlation between creatine kinase and muscle injuries with a correlation coefficient of 0.469 (p=0.009). Muscle injuries occurred in 73.33% of soccer players and 57 injuries occurred during the season. The index of decayed, missing and filled teeth was very high in 56.67% of the players, creatine kinase levels were between 38 mcg/l and 699 mcg/l. A correlation was found between the presentation of muscle injuries with high values of the decayed, missing and filled teeth index and serum creatine kinase, in the population studied, defining the importance of monitoring these variables as a strategy for preventing sports injuries. Key words: Athletic Injuries, Muscle Tissue, creatine kinase, dental caries, DMFS index, oral health.
... Additionally, Pinto et al. [46] stated that energy drinks could lead to tooth sensitivity by removing the smear layer on the cervical dentin. ...
Recently, the use of energy drinks has been increasing among young people, adults and athletes. As a result of this increase, the negative effects of these drinks on human health are becoming more apparent. These drinks contain high levels of carbohydrates and caffeine. The pH level of energy drinks (2.5-3.5) is quite low. Frequent and excessive consumption of these drinks causes dental erosion, dental caries and damage to restorative materials. In order to reduce these effects, individuals should be informed about the negative effects on human and oral health and the use of these drinks should be reduced. In addition, experimental, clinical and laboratory studies should be conducted to examine the effects of energy drinks on human and oral health in larger populations. In this article, it is aimed to provide up-to-date information on the effects of energy drinks on oral health and teeth and methods of protection from these effects.
... Regardless of this emphasized theoretical approach to the solubility of apatite as a function of pH, a low pH value of an erosive substance (drink) does not necessarily mean enamel dissolution. As already mentioned, the erosive potential of the drink will also depend on the content of calcium and phosphate ions, which can be considered protective factors (2,4,20). One example is yogurt, which has a pH of around 4, but is not erosive due to the high concentrations of these ions (2,4). ...
... Therefore, TA is a more realistic measurement of the total acid concentration of a drink and an important parameter for dental erosion development. 29,30,37,38 A higher TA is consistent with a higher buffering capacity and an increase in the erosion potential of dental enamel. In the study of Kitchens and Owens, the TA of Red Bull (energy drink) was higher than Gatorade (sports drink), Diet Coke, and Coca-Cola beverages, indicating an increased erosion potential. ...
... Therefore, soft drinks, such as energy drinks, sports drinks, and diet drinks, containing higher concentrations of citric acid and low pH, have the most increased risk for dental erosion. 9,29,38,39 Soft beverages contain high amounts of phosphoric acid, which is also thought to bind calcium from the teeth and thereby contribute to acidic erosion. 29,39,40 Frequent and bedtime consumption of acidic drinks increases the dissolution of enamel and the severity of dental erosion. ...
... During the past decades, in certain Western societies, especially in America and Europe, there has been a significant increase in the consumption of non-alcoholic beverages, mainly juices and soft drinks [15][16][17][18][19][20]. ...
... There is a consensus in the scientific community regarding the increase in the prevalence of dental erosion as a result of the frequent intake of acidic foods and beverages such as juices and soft drinks [15][16][17]. ...
Dental erosion is the irreversible loss of tooth enamel caused by acid attack without any bacterial involvement. Interest in dental erosion has increased considerably during the past decade. This paper aims to determine the prevalence of and association of dental erosion with diet or beverages in children. A systematic review of the literature has been carried out in accordance with the PRISMA recommendations. A search was performed in PubMed, Embase Scopus and Web of Science databases, and completed manually. Those studies that dealt with erosive risk factors related to diet and that included their effect on deciduous or mixed dentition were selected. Dual independent screening, data extraction and risk of bias assessment were concluded. A total number of 708 articles were identified from the initial electronic search of the four databases. Some 466 articles were selected after duplicated articles were discarded. After reading the title and abstract, we eliminated 376 articles; the remaining 90 were meant to be read in order that we could dispatch the ones that did not answer the research question or the inclusion criteria. A total of 25 articles remained for the systematic review. Erosive lesions are favored by the consumption of carbonated and isotonic drinks, fruit juices and acid sauces. Carbonated, isotonic drinks and fruit drinks favor the development of erosive lesions, not so the consumption of fruit juices mixed with dairy products such as milkshakes, yogurts and/or tea. The findings of this article will help researchers, academics and students to characterize the scientific results regarding dental erosion and diet, to evaluate management strategies and to identify significant topics and questions that will help to design future research with the aim of the prevention of the disease. Registration number: CDR42023389750.
