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This paper analyzes the relationship between freight accessibility and logistics employment in the US. It develops an accessibility measure relevant for logistics companies based on a gravity model. This allows for an analysis of the accessibility of US counties focusing on four different modes of transportation: road, rail, air, and maritime. Usin...
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... of the interaction effects shown in Figure 4 turn out to be significant: the metropolitan area county dummy has a significant effect on the relationships between intercontinental and continental freight accessibility and between county population and continental freight accessibility. Figure 5 visualizes these interaction effects based on standardized coefficients and constructs. Both relationships, but especially the latter one, are stronger in non-metropolitan area counties than in metropolitan area counties. ...
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The development of transport infrastructure and increasing the efficiency of transport services are major factors of economic growth. The concept of transport accessibility can be analysed in various aspects. This article focuses on the accessibility of freight transport by road and rail, measured with infrastructure equipment. The primary objectiv...
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... Indeed, demographic dynamics, which can lead to depopulation in some rural areas or to the isolation of subpopulations, such as the elderly one, can depend on the conditions of access to these contexts. The lack of adequate land accessibility often forces rural populations to travel long distances to meet basic needs and access services (Van den Heuvel et al. 2014), and in general, low accessibility is a factor of depopulation and demographic weakness (Panagiotopoulos and Kaliampakos 2024;Melo et al. 2022;Rodríguez-Rodríguez and Larrubia Vargas 2022;Alamá-Sabater et al. 2019, 2021Sánchez-Mateos and Pulpón 2021), albeit with a certain degree of local variability (Benassi et al. 2021b). ...
The interplay between accessibility and population change is a relatively new subject in Italian academic research. Along with social and economic factors such as regional economic prosperity, the ease of movement inside and outside an area can play a pivotal role in shaping population dynamics. This study seeks to explore the spatial distribution and spatial relationships of three indicators, including one related to real accessibility (RAI) and two others related, respectively, to the shares of the older population (SOP) and of the foreign population (SFP). An exploratory spatial data analysis is, therefore, conducted at the local level using Italian municipalities as the statistical units for the empirical analysis. Local univariate spatial autocorrelation analysis is used together with a regression analysis based on ordinary least squares (OLS) and geographically weighted regression (GWR) models. The results provide valuable insights into the local heterogeneity that characterizes the distribution of each indicator and the local relationship between them, highlighting the importance of thinking locally in quantitative social sciences.
... Context labour market analysis(Van den Heuvel et al. 2014) regional productivity(Jubiz-Diaz et al. 2021) emergency management(Borghetti, Malavasi 2016) Scope national(Freiria et al. 2022;Górniak 2014) regional(Jarocka, Glińska 2017;Jubiz-Diaz et al. 2021) corridor-wide(Chu et al. 2019(Chu et al. , 2022 Method classical formulas(Páez et al. 2012;Cartenì 2014) universal techniques: data envelopment analysis(Freiria et al. 2022), principal component analysis(Martín, Reggiani 2007), TOPSIS(Khalili et al. 2020;Hawas et al. 2016) ...
This study aimed to determine the level of infrastructure-based rail freight accessibility and rail freight performance of several Central and Eastern European (CEE) countries in the context of their presence in the Eurasian rail freight transport system. The study′s object was 7 CEE countries: Estonia, Lithuania, Latvia, Poland, Czechia, Slovakia and Hungary. The research methodology was based on the TOPSIS method supplemented with literature and statistical analyses. Several selected numerical indicators were considered to create 2 rankings that displayed the results achieved by countries in terms of accessibility and performance. Results showed that Czechia is the leader in infrastructure-based accessibility, with Latvia closing the ranking, and Lithuania is the leader in rail freight performance, with Hungary closing the ranking. Even though the study did not allow to confirm that a country′s rail freight accessibility affects its rail freight performance and vice versa, it can be assumed that both parameters are crucial in the context of the incoming modal shift to rail freight in Eurasia; therefore, they constitute a valuable research endeavour.
... A large number of studies have investigated the correlation between degrees of accessibility and economic indicators (Karou & Hill, 2014). The literature indicates that an increased degree of accessibility positively influences the economic growth of an area (Van den Heuvel et al., 2014). As changes in accessibility could result in alterations to the economic conditions of a specific area, accessibility also plays a role in population growth. ...
... Successful warehouse management systems may optimize a company's logistics operations and effectively manage the whole operation, leading to increased customer satisfaction (Karim et al.,2018). Logistics organizations, such as third-party logistics service providers, warehouses, and the logistics operations of retailers and distributors, consider accessibility as an essential factor when choosing a location as lower transportation costs and shorter time is taken to travel will benefit from improved accessibility (Heuvel, 2014). A study by Jalil (2019) on customer satisfaction in reverse logistics in Klang valley found accessibility to be the best determinant of customer satisfaction. ...
... According to Holl and Mariotti (2017), since the transportation of goods is at the centre of logistic operation, accessibility plays a significant part in location selection. Logistics organizations, such as third-party logistics service providers, warehouses, and the logistics operations of retailers and distributors, consider accessibility as an essential factor when choosing a location as lower transportation costs and shorter time taken to travel will benefit from improved accessibility (Heuvel, 2014). If the location of a logistic service provider is close to significant suppliers, producers, and customers, in that case, it will aid in reducing lead times, lowering transportation costs, and improving responsiveness which will have a longterm impact on the company's financial, operational, and competitiveness. ...
The deadly covid-19 pandemic, which hit the world in December 2019, had many negative impacts on Malaysia's SME logistics Industry. This study investigates the influence of three independent factors, service quality, accessibility and pricing, on customer satisfaction in the SME logistics industry during the COVID-19 pandemic in Klang Valley, Malaysia. Data were collected from 210 respondents in Klang valley, Malaysia using a survey distributed through various online platforms. The data was collected using a descriptive research approach using a quantitative-based correlational research design, and the research instruments used were adapted from several past studies. Research hypotheses were analyzed using SPSS-26. The results indicate that service quality (β = 0.471, t =7.650, p < 0.01), and pricing (β = 0.265, t = 4.130, p < 0.01) significantly strong positive influence on customer satisfaction in SME logistics industry. However, accessibility (β = 0.125, t = 2.008, p <0.01) have a slightly weak positive significant influence on customer satisfaction in SME logistics industry. With the help of the Kano model, a theory for product development and customer satisfaction, the present study has supported previous studies and clarified the roles played by service quality, accessibility and pricing towards customer satisfaction in the SME logistics industry during the COVID-19 pandemic in Klang Valley, Malaysia.
... Several studies have focused on the importance of airports to manufacturers and distributors of products with a high value/weight ratio, as they provide access to global-scale markets (15)(16)(17)(18). Others have developed county-level measures of freight accessibility differentiating between air, rail, and maritime gateway access (19,20). The roles of modal terminal access in affecting the concentration of various industries have also been examined (21). ...
... The roles of modal terminal access in affecting the concentration of various industries have also been examined (21). A related line of studies documented the role of freight accessibility in enabling specific spatial concentrations of both regional logistics and foreign trade-related activities (20,22). Trade-oriented logistics clusters reflect scale economies where ground transportation networks connect consumer and supply chain markets to global freight markets via intermodal air and sea facilities (23). ...
Although a significant body of research has focused on employment agglomeration at an urban level, this paper presents a broader view that also includes new empirical research on wider regional and intermodal access and its economic implications. The analysis shows how business clustering (employment agglomeration) can occur at different scales and in different forms, reflecting a range of needs to access local and regional populations, suppliers, and customers, as well as intermodal gateways that provide access to national and global markets. These different types of access have broader economic development and productivity implications that are particularly important for transportation planners who evaluate proposals for freight and passenger modal investments connecting communities and intermodal facilities. To address these issues, the paper brings together three complementary perspectives: (a) transportation planning literature that distinguishes types of transportation investment and plans; (b) site location literature that defines business location decision processes and their spatial scale; and (c) economic research that provides a basis for defining scale economies and productivity effects. It presents results of a new U.S. study that develops statistical relationships between types of access and industries in relation to their relative concentration and productivity at a county level. The results show the importance for transportation planners to consider freight access as well as customer and worker access. They also indicate the potential for decision bias if project prioritization and cost–benefit analyses fail to consider the full range of spatial scales relevant for assessing market access. The article discusses implications of these findings in terms practical applications for transportation investment planning, and it highlights remaining needs for further research.
... Bowen [19] (pp. [25][26][27][28][29][30][31][32][33][34][35][36][37][38][39][40][41] defined air accessibility as an opportunity for the global circulation of cargos, people, information, etc., and evaluated the international air accessibility of the Southeast Asia aviation center. Geurs and Van Wee [20] (pp. ...
... The gravity model is a combination of opportunity accumulation and spatial separation that emphasizes the relationship between transportation costs and activity distribution. It provides a better description of accessibility and has been widely used in recent studies [31][32][33][34][35][36]. For example, Van den Heuvel et al. [35] conducted a freight accessibility evaluation based on a gravity model considering four different modes: road, air, maritime, and rail. ...
... It provides a better description of accessibility and has been widely used in recent studies [31][32][33][34][35][36]. For example, Van den Heuvel et al. [35] conducted a freight accessibility evaluation based on a gravity model considering four different modes: road, air, maritime, and rail. Their model was built from a transportation perspective and used travel time as the impedance indicator. ...
Improving the accessibility of coal transportation is a crucial issue for energy security, national defense, and livelihoods. In this study, a method to evaluate the performance of the port-centric coal transportation chain (PCTC), which is a crucial part of the international coal production and delivery process, is proposed. After analyzing the features of the port-centric coal transportation chain, a practical accessibility evaluation model is established based on the gravity model. Both the foreland and hinterland features are considered in the model. Based on the features of coal transportation, the concept of port operational adaptability is introduced to indicate the port’s ability to manage a fluctuating irregular workload. Moreover, environmental factors, including transportation emissions and dust pollution, are included in the evaluation system. Based on real data collected from China’s north-south coal transportation corridor, a case study presents the implementation of this comprehensive evaluation system in practice. This evaluation system enables us to determine the vulnerable areas in the coal maritime transportation network and provides a decision-making basis for both shippers and port owners.
... It was discovered that the number of the establishments in 2005, and the 1998 to 2005 growth in the number of the establishments were significantly correlated with the accessibility to the air and/or highway networks. Building on the work of Bowen, Van den Heul et al. [18] analysed the relationship between freight accessibility and the employment patterns in the USA. Considering four transportation modes (road, air, maritime and rail), the study discovered that, at a county level, there was a relationship between freight accessibility and employment, implying that the counties with better accessibility accommodated more logistics employment. ...
Background: A multi-faceted analysis of the positioning of logistics facilities relative to airports is a topical aspect of the interconnections between transport infrastructure and the spatial configuration of economic activities. Regardless of the wide range of studies that exist on the topic, little is known about the logistics catchment of airports. Towards extending the literature, the objective of the paper is to analyse the spatial configuration of logistics firms relative to Cape Town International Airport (CTIA) in South Africa. Methods: The inclination of logistics facilities to locate in industrial areas is widely acknowledged in the literature. As such, the data on the main industrial and economic nodes in the City of Cape Town metropolitan area were obtained from the City of Cape Town municipality and used to ascertain the extent of the industrial areas across the metropolitan area. The resultant geographic information system (GIS) shapefile of the industrial and economic nodes was used to obtain the logistics firms’ data from AfriGIS. Following the cleaning of the data from AfriGIS, ArcGIS 10.8 and QGIS 3.16 were used for spatial analysis (buffer, kernel density and network analysis) to establish the spatial configuration of the logistics firms relative to CTIA. Results: The results showed that of the 985 logistics firms in the metropolitan area, 937 were located within 20 km of CTIA. Furthermore, the kernel density results showed that high density values were found in the environs of the Cape Town central business district (CBD), Port of Cape Town and Milnerton. The results of the network analysis indicated that the furthest firm was 50 km and 64 min away on the shortest route to CTIA, while it was 55 km and 49 min away on the fastest route. Conclusions: Relative to the literature, the results show that CTIA has the potential to facilitate the emergence of a logistics hub at the city or metropolitan scale.
... Since the concept of accessibility was proposed and extended, it has been widely used in many fields, such as urban green areas (22), tourist mobility (23), and public transport (24), especially transportation and logistics infrastructure (25)(26)(27). The accessibility of a location is, naturally, a major factor for the location decision of transportation infrastructures and logistics enterprises, such as transportation hubs, warehouses, logistics/distribution centers of manufacturers (28)(29)(30). The reason for this use is that better accessibility leads to lower transportation costs and shorter time to market (31), directly affecting the cost and service level of logistic operations. ...
... In addition, many accessibility measures have been developed based on various technologies/models, such as gravity-based measures (33), random utility-based measures (34), cumulative opportunity-based measure (35), and GIS (36). Van den Heuvel et al. (30) developed accessibility measures of road, rail, air, and maritime transportation relevant for logistics companies based on a gravity model and integrated them into continental and intercontinental freight accessibility by a partial least squares model. Guo and Yang (21) studied the foreign trade transport accessibility of China to overseas regions by a discrete choice model based on the freight transportation process (highway/railway ! ...
This paper presents an approach to address the problem of location of international multimodal logistics hubs (IMLHs) in the international multimodal network from the perspective of accessibility. The approach has three phases: constructing multiple accessibility indices, identifying the candidate IMLHs, and determining the optimal IMLHs. First, seven accessibility indices are constructed considering multiple transport segments and modes in the international transportation chain. Second, several candidate IMLHs are identified according to the integrated accessibility calculated by a modified GRA-TOPSIS (grey relational analysis technique for order preference by similarity to ideal solution). Third, an accessibility-based gravity p-median model is established to determine optimal IMLHs. Finally, the approach is applied to IMLHs in China. The results show that the distribution of the identified 28 candidate IMLHs is reasonable, and the 15 optimal IMLHs can serve most of the cargo origins in China. The study provides support for decision-makers in the location of multimodal transportation hubs.
... One of the purposes of transportation infrastructure development is to strengthen the interregional or interurban connections and to drive the mobility of population, goods, and capital, thus promoting regional economic growth (Lao et al., 2016). That is to say, the changes in accessibility will affect the location choice preferences of consumers and producers (Farber et al., 2014;Kotavaara et al., 2017), causing the flow of production factors in space (Calvo et al., 2017;Guirao et al., 2018;Kotavaara et al., 2011), increasing employment opportunities ( Van den Heuvel et al., 2014;Jiwattanakulpaisarn et al., 2010), influencing on housing and land values (Chen and Haynes, 2015;Huang and Du, 2021), and promoting the economic development in the region Ozbay et al., 2003;Yu et al., 2018). HSR has contributed more than 2.6% of Italy's per capita GDP growth in 10 years (Cascetta et al., 2020). ...
The socioeconomic effects of the railway network on the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau (QTP) received wide attention, but most studies are qualitative studies with a short period and small spatial scope. We explored the impact of the plateau railway network on the internal and external accessibility and economic linkage of the QTP during 1984–2030. The average shortest travel time (ASTT) and the weighted average travel time (WATT) were used to measure the spatial railway accessibility. Then the gravity model was used to calculate the economic linkage between cities, and the contribution rate of the railway network to the growth of economic linkage was quantitatively identified. The ASTT within plateau cities decreased dramatically during 1984–2030. The WATT between the plateau cities and the 28 capital cities outside the plateau also decreased by 42.4–88.5%. The imbalanced economic development in different regions and their linkage to the QTP railway network increased the spatial inequity of accessibility in China's central and eastern regions from 1984 to 2030. The economic linkage between six plateau cities and 28 capital cities increased obviously. The contribution rate of railway construction to the growth of the total economic linkage increased substantially with the evolution of the railway network. For railway planning of remote areas, policymakers should consider railway accessibility and its socioeconomic effects and spatial inequity in the long term.
... Existing literature has shown that transportation accessibility plays an important role in the logistics location choice (Giuliano, 2004;Jakubicek and Woudsma, 2011;van den Heuvel et al., 2013;Verhetsel et al., 2015). Good transportation accessibility is conducive to expanding the logistics market, reducing transport costs, and improving the efficiency of logistics organizations (Oliveira and Guerra, 2014;van den Heuvel et al., 2014). Due to the strong dependence on large-scale transportation infrastructure, logistics facilities clusters at different scales have been found in close vicinity to railway stations, airports and seaports. ...
... Moreover, the agglomeration effects of local logistics facilities will also affect the logistics facility location choice (van den Heuvel et al., 2014;Sun et al., 2018;Sakai et al., 2020a) For instance, Rivera et al. (2014) and Rivera et al. (2016) studied urban logistics agglomeration in the US, Zaragoza, Spain and other regions and found that logistics agglomeration can promote communication and collaboration between cities, share logistics facilities, and improve operational efficiency. ...
... There is no doubt that transportation accessibility plays an important role in the logistics facility location choice (Jakubicek and Woudsma, 2011; van den Heuvel et al., 2013; Verhetsel et al., Holl and Mariotti, 2018a;Sakai et al., 2020a) As a private enterprise with the purpose of making profits, the primary goal of logistics facilities is how to maximize profits. Superior transportation accessibility helps logistics facilities reduce transport costs and improve their competitiveness (Oliveira and Guerra, 2014;van den Heuvel et al., 2014). Therefore, areas with convenient transportation are favored by the logistics developers. ...
In the era of economic globalization and the e-commerce boom, the demand for urban logistics has been rapidly growing in terms of both scale and intensity. The spatial clustering of logistics facilities and their associated environmental consequences has caused growing concern. This study analyzes the spatial evolution of logistics facilities and establishes a series of regression models to explore the driving factors of logistics facility location choice using a high-resolution grid-based data set. The results show that as the urban highway network gets improved, transportation costs are more balanced across space. Therefore, the distribution of logistics facilities is less regionally constrained and more widely located in space. The spatial evolution of logistics facilities was driven not only by demand of land uses and industries but also by transport supply and urban structure. Land use planning including the planning of industrial parks is among the important driving forces affecting the spatial location of logistics facilities, although the effects vary across types of logistics facilities. This study aims to provide a sustainable development-oriented policy path for regional development by proposing an analytical framework that reconsiders spatial location choice factors as a means of controlling logistics environmental negative externalities.