In the 2022-23 baseline period (purple), the test house's two occupants used significantly less hot water than the three occupants used in the 2023-24 test period (red).

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... events that cause current peaks. The more occupants, the more likely it is that multiple devices (such as the WH and HP) will run simultaneously. In the winter of 2022-23 (the baseline period), the test house had only two occupants. By contrast, the test house had three occupants during the winter of 2023-24 (the advanced control testing period). Fig. 6 shows how this increase in occupancy increased hot water usage in the winter of 2023-24 relative to 2022-23. In Fig. 6, the hot water usage was normalized over the house's average shower duration of 10-12 minutes and hot water volume of ∼12 gallons (∼45 L). The water usage in 2023-24 (red curve) was in some cases three times higher ...

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... will run simultaneously. In the winter of 2022-23 (the baseline period), the test house had only two occupants. By contrast, the test house had three occupants during the winter of 2023-24 (the advanced control testing period). Fig. 6 shows how this increase in occupancy increased hot water usage in the winter of 2023-24 relative to 2022-23. In Fig. 6, the hot water usage was normalized over the house's average shower duration of 10-12 minutes and hot water volume of ∼12 gallons (∼45 L). The water usage in 2023-24 (red curve) was in some cases three times higher than the previous winter's usage (purple curve). This increased the likelihood of synchronization of the WH with other ...

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... the baseline period, the whole-home current was often in the 80-100 A range and sometimes exceeded 115 A, where thermal trips are likely. In the testing period, by contrast, the whole-home current rarely exceeded 90 A (0.61 times per day, vs. 2.2 times per day in the baseline period), briefly exceeded 100 A only once, and never exceeded 105 A. Fig. 16 shows box-and-whisker plots of the whole-home current distributions during the baseline period (left) and testing period (right). In these plots, red lines are medians, blue boxes span the 25th to 75th percentiles, and blue dots are outliers. Currents in the gray region risk thermal trips if another major appliance turns on. Currents ...

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... key message of Fig. 16, therefore, is that the control system maintained the whole-home current at safe levels over the testing period for electrical panels and service rated at 100 A. ...