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morphological characters of Vaccaria hispanica, a:whole plant, b: root, c: leaf, d: inflorescence, e: flower, f: bracts, g: calyx, h: stamens, i: gynoecium, j: capsule, k: seeds, l,m: seed surface configuration 3.2. Palynological study "Figure 2" Pollen grains Spheroidal, (26-31) µm diameter, poly, panto-porate, 8-10 pored. Pores operculate and sunken (3-6) µm diameter with spinulate membrane. The sculpture of pollen exine was granulatae with microechinatae. 3.3. Anatomical study "Figure 3" 3.3.1.Root "figure 3-a" The cross section was taken from the middle part of the root and it was covered externally with a thin periderm (3.2-8) µm. The cortex consist of parenchyma with druses crystals. Phloem is arranged in triangular shapes consist of 6-8 layered of irregular cells( 39-52) µm. The cambium is thin. The xylem extends all around the primary xylem and filled the root centre.
Source publication
The morphological, anatomical, micro-morphological features and geographical distribution of Vaccaria Wolf. have been studied on plant samples collected from different northern and middle Iraqi districts where the plants usually grow, In general, the morphological results were similar with the description of the genus in Iraqi flora but with more d...
Citations
... The present study was appeared that the pollen grain for all species is Tricolpate and this is identical to what was confirmed by other researchers (21,22) ( Fig. 1 and 2). The shape is determining by the value of the ratio between the polar axis to the equatorial axis P / E., four shapes of pollen grains were identified as follows: -Subspheroidal in the species P. brevis (3,4,5). Dipsacaceae is a small family, it is a eurypalynous and the pollen morphology for the family is completely heterogenous (1,5). ...
ABSTRACT
This research was aimed to study the pollen morphology for the genus Pterocephalus(Vaill)
from Dipsacaceae family in Iraq, and to utilize these feathers in isolating the species as
valuable taxonomic traits for enriching Iraqi flora. The study included characteristics of the
type, shape, size, sculpturing and apertures, as well as determining the full dimensions using
light microscopy as well as numerical analysis of this species and draw polygonal shapes and
denderogram convergence between species. The results of the study of pollen and polygonal
forms showed significant differences in the characteristics at the level of each species, which
helps to identification the genus species, as it was found that the pollen was a tricolpate, and
shape was specified to be sub spheroidal, sub prolate, oblate spheroidal. and prolate
spheroidal, The pollen grains varied in size between large, and very large size. However the
most significant feature is that included four types of sculpture using to isolate the species to :
Reticulate and spinate in P. laxus ,P. strictus, and P. nestorianu, reticulate and spinulate in P.
brevis, P. plumosus, Reticulate to striate and spinulate in P. canus, and Spinate in P. kurdicus,
and P. pyrethrifolius. The dendritic scheme showed the convergence of some species among
them and in varying convergence ratios.
... The green leaves were cleared out to elucidate the venation system [17]. As for the anatomical study, the cross-sections of the root, stem, and leaf were prepared by using the wax embedding method as mentioned in [18]. The layers were then studied by using a compound microscope type (Novex). ...
The research was aimed tostudy themorphological and anatomical characteristics as well as habitatand geographical distributionof speciesPeltariaangustifolia DC., This study indicated that the plant specimens are perennial glabrous herbs, distinguished by the presence of distinct basal and cauline leaves, and simple corymb inflorescence. Flowers perianth consists of four obovate sepals, and four spathulate petals, with hexanderiaandroecium characterized by dilated filaments from the bases and gynoecium consists of obovate ovary and sessile stigma, the fruit reticulate silicula, and the seeds are ovate-elliptical with faintly reticulate configuration. As for the anatomical study, it included the study of the dimensions and characteristics of each root, stem, leaf, as well as the nature of the leaf venation, and cuticular study. A study of the geographical distribution showed that the species is very rare in Iraq. It is located in the mountain region and exclusively in Jabal Sinjar district.
... The present study was appeared that the pollen grain for all species is Tricolpate and this is identical to what was confirmed by other researchers (21,22) ( Fig. 1 and 2). The shape is determining by the value of the ratio between the polar axis to the equatorial axis P / E., four shapes of pollen grains were identified as follows: -Subspheroidal in the species P. brevis (3,4,5). Dipsacaceae is a small family, it is a eurypalynous and the pollen morphology for the family is completely heterogenous (1,5). ...
This research was aimed to study the pollen morphology for the genus Pterocephalus(Vaill) from Dipsacaceae family in Iraq, and to utilize these feathers in isolating the species as valuable taxonomic traits for enriching Iraqi flora. The study included characteristics of the type, shape, size, sculpturing and apertures, as well as determining the full dimensions using light microscopy as well as numerical analysis of this species and draw polygonal shapes and denderogram convergence between species. The results of the study of pollen and polygonal forms showed significant differences in the characteristics at the level of each species, which helps to identification the genus species, as it was found that the pollen was a tricolpate, and shape was specified to be sub spheroidal, sub prolate, oblate spheroidal. and prolate spheroidal, The pollen grains varied in size between large, and very large size. However the most significant feature is that included four types of sculpture using to isolate the species to : Reticulate and spinate in P. laxus ,P. strictus, and P. nestorianu, reticulate and spinulate in P. brevis, P. plumosus, Reticulate to striate and spinulate in P. canus, and Spinate in P. kurdicus, and P. pyrethrifolius. The dendritic scheme showed the convergence of some species among them and in varying convergence ratios. P. laxus ,P. strictus و P. nestorianu النوعين في شويكات ذات شبكية ، P. brevis, P. plumosus النوع في شويكات ذات مخططة الى وشبكية ، P. canus النوعين في فقط اك اشو ذات وكانت P. kurdicus P. pyrethrifolius. متغايرة تقارب وبنسب بينها فيما اع االنو بعض تقارب اظهر فقد الشجيري المخطط اما. اع، انو المفتاحية: الكلمات تصنيفية عائلة ، Dipsacaceae عزل، مظهري، ، الشكل متطاول النباتية، الموسوعة
... The present study was appeared that the pollen grain for all species is Tricolpate and this is identical to what was confirmed by other researchers (21,22) ( Fig. 1 and 2). The shape is determining by the value of the ratio between the polar axis to the equatorial axis P / E., four shapes of pollen grains were identified as follows: -Subspheroidal in the species P. brevis (3,4,5). Dipsacaceae is a small family, it is a eurypalynous and the pollen morphology for the family is completely heterogenous (1,5). ...
Six species belonging to different genera and families, new to flora of Basrah were recorded. These species were Atriplex holocarpa F. Muell., Atriplex micrantha Ledeb. (Chenopodiaceae), Centaurium tenuiflorum (Hoffmanns. & Link) Fritsch (Gentianaceae), Achellia conferta DC. (Astraceae), Descurainia sophia (L.) Webb ex Prantl (Brassicaceae) and Vaccaria hispanica (Miller) Rausch. (Caryophyllaceae). Plants were photographed, their taxonomical and ecological characters as well as their geographical distribution were demonstrated. Plants were collected, dried and herbarium specimens were prepared and deposited in Basrah University Herbarium (BSRA). Notes on habitat, flowering and fruiting times were provided. Relationships between closely related species were discussed.
