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Images of living Vaccinium hamiguitanense and its habitat. A. Habitat at peak of Mt. Hamiguitan of low ("bonsai") forest. B. Habit with leaves predominantly in abaxial view. C. Branchlet with inflorescence. D. Inflorescence with flowers in bud and (in apical view) at anthesis. E. Immature fruit with persistent bracts. F. Submature fruit, apical view. Note small glands at apex of appressed persistent calyx lobes. B, C, P.W. Fritsch 2027; photographs by P.W. Fritsch. D-F, Plants and Lichens of the Southern Philippines Survey 725; photographs by J.G. Opiso.
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Vaccinium hamiguitanense, a new species from the Philippines, is described and illustrated. The new species is most similar to V. gitin-gense Hook. f. but differs by having smaller leaf blades, leaf blade margins with 2 to 4 impressed more or less evenly distributed crenations (glands) per side, inflorescences with fewer flowers, shorter pedicels t...
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Vaccinium motuoense (Ericaceae), a new species from Motuo County, Xizang Autonomous Region, China is described and illustrated. This new species belongs to Vaccinium sect. Calcicolus and is morphologically most similar to V. dunalianum , but differs in having yellowish-brown tomentose young branches, petioles and inflorescence rachis, leaf blades w...
Citations
... Taxonomic understanding of Philippine Vaccinium has been impeded by the rarity of species, scarcity of herbarium collections, and lack of in situ photographic documentation (Copeland 1930;Vander Kloet 1996;Pelser et al. 2011). Recent botanical surveys in under-explored areas of the country have facilitated the rediscovery of poorly known species of Vaccinium and discovery of species new to science (Salares et al. 2018;Fritsch et al. 2020;Tamayo et al. 2021Tamayo et al. , 2022Tamayo & Fritsch 2022a, b;Tamayo et al. 2023). ...
... Herbarium specimens were examined from A, BRIT, CAS, CMUH, NY, PNH, UC, and US, including digitized specimens at BISH, BM, CANB, E, HBG, K, L, MICH, and U [herbarium acronyms follow Thiers (2022), continuously updated] available online at JSTOR Global Plants (https://plants.jstor.org). Characters in descriptions were defined as in Beentje (2016), and relevant taxonomic literature on Philippine and Malesian Vaccinium was consulted (i.e., Copeland 1930;Sleumer 1966Sleumer -1967Veldkamp 1979;Co et al. 2002;Argent 2008Argent , 2014Salares et al. 2018;Argent 2019;Mustaqim & Ardi 2019;Argent & Wilkie 2020;Fritsch et al. 2020;Tamayo et al. 2021;Mustaqim et al. 2022;Tamayo et al. 2022;Tamayo & Fritsch 2022a, b;Tamayo et al. 2023). The area of occupancy (AOO) and extent of occurrence (EOO) of the three species were obtained with the use of GeoCAT (Bachman et al. 2011). ...
Three new species of Vaccinium endemic to the island of Mindanao, Philippines are here described and illustrated. Vaccinium fallax most closely resembles V. myrtoides, but differs by having smaller leaves, caducous bracts, shorter pedicels, a broadly obconical hypanthium, broadly triangular calyx lobes, and a deep pink and broadly urceolate corolla. It grows on exposed areas and among sulfur vents at and near the summit of Mt. Apo. Vaccinium gamay most closely resembles V. gitingense, but differs in having shorter inflorescences, early caducous inflorescence bracts, shorter pedicels, presence of clavate glands on the hypanthium, and an absence of anther spurs. It grows on exposed areas in the ultramafic forest of Mt. Hamiguitan. It is one of only two Philippine Vaccinium species possessing distinctly callose-thickened calyx lobes, the other being V. gitin-gense. Vaccinium vomicum most closely resembles V. carmesinum, but differs by having smaller leaves, presence of glands on the extreme end of the leaf blade base, presence of clavate glands on the hypanthium, shorter stamens, and presence of stalked glands on the dentate apex of the tubules. It grows in the mossy rainforest of Mt. Kitanglad, and it is the only Philip-pine species of Vaccinium with glands on the extreme end of its leaf blade base. Following IUCN guidelines, we propose a conservation status of Critically Endangered for V. fallax, Endangered for V. gamay, and Data Deficient for V. vomicum. With these discoveries, the number of Vaccinium species in Mindanao Islands increases to 22 and in the Philippines to 44. Furthermore, the Mindanao Islands can now be considered the center of Vaccinium diversity in the Philippines.
... The total number of native vascular plant species in the Philippines is currently estimated at 9433 (Pelser et al. 2011), with ~50% being endemic species. Of this, the exact number of metallophytes remains unknown and many new species of metallophytes endemic to the Philippines continue to be discovered (Fernando et al. 2018;Robinson et al. 2019;Fritsch et al. 2020;Fernando and Wilson 2021;Tamayo et al. 2023). This paper aims to consolidate current data on the extent of metal hyperaccumulation in the Philippines, the species of heavy metal-accumulating plants and partitioning of metals within the plant tissue. ...
To examine the potential applications of hyperaccumulator plants in the Philippines, we reviewed current data on the extent of metal hyperaccumulation in native species and partitioning of metals within the plant tissue. Twenty-eight species had reported tissue concentrations above the hyperaccumulator threshold, 11 species were endemic to the Philippines. Nickel was present in higher concentrations in the aboveground tissue than in the belowground tissue, but the reverse was found for copper, aluminium and chromium. The fact that copper accumulates belowground rather than above, and most hyperaccumulators of nickel identified were trees, has implications for the potential of phytoextraction using native Philippines flora.
... New species discoveries of Philippine Vaccinium over the past three years (i.e. Fritsch et al., 2020;Tamayo et al., 2021;Tamayo & Fritsch, 2022a, 2022bTamayo et al., 2022) have increased the species count 2 A new species of Vaccinium from the Philippines of Philippine Vaccinium to 40 (Tamayo & Fritsch, 2022b). Of these, 22 are recorded from Mindanao Island (Pelser et al., 2011 onwards). ...
... Relevant taxonomic literature on Philippine and Malesian Vaccinium was consulted (i.e. Copeland, 1930;Sleumer, 1966Sleumer, -1967Co et al., 2002;Argent, 2008;Salares et al., 2018;Argent, 2019;Argent & Wilkie, 2020;Fritsch et al., 2020;Tamayo et al., 2021;Tamayo & Fritsch, 2022a, 2022bTamayo et al., 2022). The area of occupancy and extent of occurrence of the new species were calculated with the aid of GeoCAT (Bachman et al., 2011). ...
... This anthropogenic disturbance adds to the pressure of possible extirpation. Therefore, in accordance with the criteria of the IUCN Standards and Petitions Committee (2022) Fritsch et al. (2020) suggested that an undescribed species of Vaccinium allied to V. hamiguitanense occurs in the Redondo dwarf forest on Dinagat Island. The plant in these photographs, labelled 'Vaccinium plant 3', undoubtedly represents V. coarctatum, as is evident from its compact habit, elliptic to oblong leaves with emarginate apex, persistent bracts and bracteoles, and few-fruited infructescence. ...
A new species of blueberry, Vaccinium coarctatum M.N.Tamayo & Fernando, from the dwarf forest on ultramafic soil of Dinagat Island, Philippines, is described. It closely resembles Vaccinium hamiguitanense P.W.Fritsch but is distinct from that species in having a longer inflorescence, shorter pedicels, longer and persistent bracteoles, white-hirsutulous calyx lobes, and shorter anther spurs. This discovery brings the number of Vaccinium species known from the Philippines to 41. A key to the small-leaved Vaccinium in the Philippines is provided.
... Dried flower materials were soaked in Pohl's solution for 15 minutes and dissected under an AmScope stereomicroscope (64× magnification). Relevant taxonomic literature on Philippine and Malesian Vaccinium was consulted (i.e., Merrill 1908;Copeland 1930;Sleumer 1966Sleumer -1967Argent 2008Argent , 2019Argent and Wilkie, 2020;Co et al. 2002;Salares et al. 2018;Fritsch et al. 2020;Tamayo et al. 2021, including specimens available online at JSTOR Global Plants (https://plants.jstor.org). The conservation status of the two species was assessed as per IUCN guidelines (IUCN Standards and Petitions Committee 2022). ...
Two new species of Vaccinium from the Philippines are described and illustrated from historical herbarium collections. Vaccinium burburan from Luzon Island, Northern Philippines is morphologically similar to V. tenuipes, but is distinguished by having shorter petioles, pedicels and corolla, adaxially pubescent leaf blades with cordate base, apically pubescent corollas, and pubescent filaments throughout. It is only one of two species of Vaccinium in the Philippines known to have a cordate leaf blade base. Vaccinium burburan is considered critically endangered. Vaccinium jubatum from Mindanao Island, Southern Philippines, is morphologically similar to V. sylvaticum, but is distinguished by having a dentate leaf blade margin, shorter inflorescences and pedicels, a glabrous calyx, and shorter filaments. The dentate leaf blade margin of V. jubatum uniquely distinguishes it from other Philippine Vaccinium species. The conservation status of V. jubatum is considered data deficient. These discoveries further increase the current number of known Vaccinium species in the Philippines to 40.
... The description is based on a single dried herbarium specimens from A, CAHUP, and L. Dried flowers from herbarium packets were soaked in Pohl's solution for 15 minutes and dissected under an AmScope stereomicroscope of up to 64 magnification. The relevant taxonomic literature on Philippine and Malesian Vaccinium was also consulted (i.e., Merrill, 1908;Copeland, 1930;Sleumer, 1966Sleumer, -1967Argent, 2008Argent, , 2019Argent and Wilkie, 2020;Co et al., 2002;Salares et al., 2018;Fritsch et al., 2020;Tamayo et al., 2021Tamayo et al., , 2022 including available online images of types and other specimens at Naturalis Biodiversity Center (https://bioportal.naturalis.nl/) and JSTOR Global Plants Diagnosis: Vaccinium paradoxum resembles V. halconense Merr. by its leaf shape, leaf dimension, and flower color, but differs by having shorter inflorescences (1.3-3.5 cm vs. 5.0-7.0 cm), fewer flowers per inflorescence (5-8 vs. 10-15), glabrous inner surface of corolla (vs. ...
Vaccinium paradoxum is described as a new species of blueberry from the lowland ultrabasic forest of Northern Sierra Madre Natural Park, Luzon Island, Philippines. It resembles V. halconense, but differs by having shorter inflorescences, fewer flowers per inflorescence, a glabrous inner surface of the corolla, absence of anther spurs, and a glabrous style. Vaccinium paradoxum is unique among the currently known blueberries in Malesia by the presence of sessile glands borne on the pedicel and predominantly near the centre or scattered on the calyx lobes. It is also the only known Philippine Vaccinium to inhabit lowland ultrabasic forest on sea cliffs.
... The floristic region of Malesia is considered to be the center of diversity of the genus (Sleumer 1966(Sleumer -1967 with species generally inhabiting montane forests (Argent 2018), particularly mossy forest, on exposed mountain ridges or summits. Although the genus is diverse, its taxonomic limits are still uncertain (Argent 2008;Fritsch et al. 2020). Evidence of its monophyly has not been resolved (Vander Kloet & Dickinson 2009) with the current phylogenetic data based on DNA sequences strongly suggesting nonmonophyly (Kron et al. 2002). ...
... Previous fieldwork aimed at collecting specimens in botanically unexplored areas of the Philippines has led to the discovery of several new Vaccinium species (e.g. Salares et al. 2018;Fritsch et al. 2020;Tamayo et al. 2021). These discoveries have demonstrated that Philippine Vaccinium contains a higher species diversity than previously understood. ...
... Herbarium specimens from A, BRIT, CAS, and K were also studied for comparison. The taxonomic works of Copeland (1930), Sleumer (1966Sleumer ( -1967, Argent (2008), and recent Philippine Vaccinium literature (Co et al. 2002;Salares et al. 2018;Fritsch et al. 2020;Tamayo et al. 2021) were consulted to ensure the uniqueness of the species and to compare it with the other known species of Vaccinium in the region. Diagnosis:-Vaccinium carmesinum resembles V. platyphyllum Merrill (1917: 294) and V. luzoniense S.Vidal (1886: 168), but differs from the former by longer and wider leaves, longer racemes, longer bracts, glabrous corollas, and glabrescent fruits, and from the latter by longer petioles, leaf glands distributed along the length of the blade margin, a glabrous inflorescence rachis, and lanate filaments. ...
Vaccinium carmesinum is described as a new species of Ericaceae from Mt. Tago Range, Mindanao Island, Philippines. It is similar to V. platyphyllum Merrill and V. luzoniense S.Vidal but is distinct from the former by longer and wider leaves, longer racemes, longer bracts, glabrous corollas, and glabrescent fruits, and from the latter by longer petioles, leaf glands distributed along the blade margin, glabrous rachis, and lanate filaments. Vaccinium carmesinum bears the widest leaves among Philippine Vaccinium. Its discovery increases the number of Vaccinium species recognized in the Philippines to 37.
... The floristic region of Malesia is considered to be the center of diversity of the genus (Sleumer 1966(Sleumer -1967 with species generally inhabiting montane forests (Argent 2018), particularly mossy forest, on exposed mountain ridges or summits. Although the genus is diverse, its taxonomic limits are still uncertain (Argent 2008;Fritsch et al. 2020). Evidence of its monophyly has not been resolved (Vander Kloet & Dickinson 2009) with the current phylogenetic data based on DNA sequences strongly suggesting nonmonophyly (Kron et al. 2002). ...
... Previous fieldwork aimed at collecting specimens in botanically unexplored areas of the Philippines has led to the discovery of several new Vaccinium species (e.g. Salares et al. 2018;Fritsch et al. 2020;Tamayo et al. 2021). These discoveries have demonstrated that Philippine Vaccinium contains a higher species diversity than previously understood. ...
... Herbarium specimens from A, BRIT, CAS, and K were also studied for comparison. The taxonomic works of Copeland (1930), Sleumer (1966Sleumer ( -1967, Argent (2008), and recent Philippine Vaccinium literature (Co et al. 2002;Salares et al. 2018;Fritsch et al. 2020;Tamayo et al. 2021) were consulted to ensure the uniqueness of the species and to compare it with the other known species of Vaccinium in the region. Diagnosis:-Vaccinium carmesinum resembles V. platyphyllum Merrill (1917: 294) and V. luzoniense S.Vidal (1886: 168), but differs from the former by longer and wider leaves, longer racemes, longer bracts, glabrous corollas, and glabrescent fruits, and from the latter by longer petioles, leaf glands distributed along the length of the blade margin, a glabrous inflorescence rachis, and lanate filaments. ...
Vaccinium carmesinum is described as a new species of Ericaceae from Mt. Tago Range, Mindanao Island, Philippines. It is
similar to V. platyphyllum Merrill and V. luzoniense S.Vidal but is distinct from the former by longer and wider leaves, longer
racemes, longer bracts, glabrous corollas, and glabrescent fruits, and from the latter by longer petioles, leaf glands distributed
along the blade margin, glabrous rachis, and lanate filaments. Vaccinium carmesinum bears the widest leaves among Philippine
Vaccinium. Its discovery increases the number of Vaccinium species recognized in the Philippines to 37.
... After Sleumer's work (1966Sleumer's work ( -1967, three species have been added to the list, viz. V. cebuense Salares and Pelser, V. hamiguitanense P.W.Fritsch, and V. oscarlopezianum Co (Co et al. 2002;Salares et al. 2018;Fritsch et al. 2020). ...
... Vaccinium exiguum belongs to section Bracteata Nakai (Nakai and Koidzumi 1927) sensu Sleumer (Sleumer 1966(Sleumer -1967 as exhibited by its well-developed and often many-flowered racemes, corolla consisting of a single homogenous layer, and the absence of a membranaceous wing at the sinuses and anthers that open by short introrse slits or terminal pores (Co et al. 2002;Salares et al. 2018;Fritsch et al. 2020). ...
... Due to the paucity of collections and relative lack of study, intraspecific morphological variation within the species of Philippine Vaccinium (Salares et al. 2018), as well as sectional boundaries and composition, are imprecisely known (Vander Kloet and Dickinson 2009;Fritsch et al. 2020). A detailed monographic study of this group is warranted. ...
Citation: Tamayo MN, Bustamante RAA, Fritsch PW (2021) Vaccinium exiguum (Ericaceae, Vaccinieae), a new species from the ultramafic summit of Mt. Victoria, Palawan Island, Philippines. PhytoKeys 179: 145-154. https://doi. Abstract Vaccinium exiguum from the ultramafic summit of Mt. Victoria, Palawan Island, Philippines is here described as a new species of Ericaceae. It closely resembles V. hamiguitanense but is distinct by having much shorter petioles and leaves, longer and glabrous calyx lobes with serrate lobe margins, a larger corolla with deeper sulcations, and longer stamens with spurs oriented laterally. Vaccinium exiguum represents the third Vaccinium species found on the Island of Palawan and 36 th in the Philippines.
