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![Image taken by Opportunity (Sol 248) at Endurance Crater [27]. The right image shows the wet areas (red arrows) after subjecting the upper image to the process patented by [13].](publication/351586516/figure/fig4/AS:1024890299760642@1621364297854/mage-taken-by-Opportunity-Sol-248-at-Endurance-Crater-27-The-right-image-shows-the.png)
Image taken by Opportunity (Sol 248) at Endurance Crater [27]. The right image shows the wet areas (red arrows) after subjecting the upper image to the process patented by [13].
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![Figure 6. Comparison between WEH [16] and MSIM obtained for Mars in the...](publication/351586516/figure/fig2/AS:1024890299760641@1621364297458/Comparison-between-WEH-16-and-MSIM-obtained-for-Mars-in-the-study-area_Q320.jpg)
Opportunity was launched in 2004 and has been providing interesting data from Mars till 2018. Meridiani Planum was the landing site for the robot. This crater has numerous rock outcrops, which are considered a valuable geological resource that contains keys to the Martian past. In this work, several algorithms have been developed for detecting the...
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... While various field studies have been conducted to examine ecosystem processes and their implications for mitigating future global land degradation [12] or on how to evaluate a population's high flooding vulnerability due to climate change in wetland ecosystems [13], it remains difficult to generalize findings from patch-scale research to other regions. In the field of geomatics, while satellite platforms can help us address this issue, light detection and ranging (LIDAR) data have a clear benefit, as they precisely capture marshes' physical characteristics, which traditional contour mapping often fails to achieve [14,15]. Consequently, LIDAR data provide the crucial spatial information needed for a detailed marsh-scale analysis of the relationships between climatic variables and soil erosion. ...
Located in the south of the Iberian Peninsula, the Doñana salt marshes occupy around half of Doñana National Park and are currently considered among the most important wetlands worldwide due to the importance of their ecosystem. In this research work, using a novel patented procedure, the effects of climate change on the study area between 2009 and 2020 were evaluated. For this reason, DEMs were downloaded from the 30-meter Shuttle Radar Topography Mission (SRTM). Furthermore, to check the depth of the flooded area, 792 satellite images (L5 TM, L7 ETM+, and L8 OLI) with a resolution of 30 m were analyzed. The results show how the combined use of geomatic techniques, such as radar, optical, and geographic information system (GIS) data, along with regression models and iterative processes, plays a key role in the prediction and analysis of the flooded area volume in the Doñana salt marshes. Another significant contribution of this work is the development of a new remote sensing index. In conclusion, given that the study area depends on its aquifers’ status, it would be advisable to implement policies aimed at eradicating illegal aquifer extraction, as well as recovery plans to avoid the complete clogging of this salt marsh.
... Regarding its initial orbit, there are studies [4] that support the theory that its formation occurred in the asteroid belt, taking place around 120 million years later, a migration towards its current position. The presence of liquid water on the surface would gradually disappear as a result of the existence of a tenuous atmosphere and an intense solar wind [5]. ...
... In general, and with regard to the orography of the planet, [5] specifies that the existing channels, as well as the gullies and the runoff processes associated with them, suggest the presence of liquid water on the surface in the past. Furthermore, taking into account that the atmospheric pressure in the Martian past was ostensibly higher than the current one, and according to [12], raindrops with enough size could be formed to give rise to orographic incidents on the surface. ...
... Regarding the erosion processes, reference [5] obtained a series of predictive algorithms of soil transported volume valid on Mars surface. Other studies [13] specifies that levitation forces enhance the downslope transport on Mars, even though there is evidence that in the past, in the period in which the atmospheric density was such that it allowed the existence of water in a liquid state on its surface, the loss of soil due to sedimentary transport in watercourses was the force that it modeled the morphology of the Martian surface. ...
Ma\'adim Vallis is a channel that ends at the Gusev Crater. In general terms, the length of the channel is about 700 km while its width can reach 20 km and its depth 2 km. Currently, the images obtained from the area allow to visualize a landscape of abundant gullies with important signs of water erosion. In order to predict the volume of transported soil by the presence of water in the vicinity of Ma\'adim Vallis, as well as to generate a rainfall model applicable to the red planet, a total of 16 cross-sectional profiles were made along the main canyon, ensuring that all were equidistant from each other depending on the orographic characteristics of the study area. Once the volume of transported soil was obtained, a novel model capable of predicting the rainfall concentration index (RCI) necessary to produce a certain water erosion on the Mars surface was obtained. This model is applicable to other rocky planets as a result of its simplicity.
