(i) Global mean maximum supersaturation, fine-aerosol (iii) hygroscopicity, and (v) wet radius, as well as coarse-aerosol (vii) hygroscopicity and (ix) wet radius, as calculated by EMAC from the base case simulation at the altitude of 940 hPa. Absolute difference between the base case and nitrate-aerosol-free (NAF) sensitivity simulation in (ii) maximum supersaturation, fine-aerosol (iv) hygroscopicity, and (vi) wet radius, as well as coarse-aerosol (viii) hygroscopicity and (x) wet radius at the altitude of 940 hPa. Red indicates higher values calculated by the base case simulation in the presence of NO3- aerosols.