Figure - uploaded by Jean Polfus
Content may be subject to copyright.
Source publication
Interdisciplinary approaches are necessary for exploring the complex research questions that stem from interdependence in social-ecological systems. For example, the concept of biocultural diversity, which highlights the interactions between human diversity and the diversity of biological systems, bridges multiple knowledge systems and disciplines...
Citations
... However, academics' adherence to the prestige paradigm confounds even good intentions. People using positive alternatives (e.g., citizen or community science, action research, coproduction) try to make access to and participation in science more equitable, dialogic, and rooted in community or interest groups' needs and positionality (e.g., Polfus et al. 2017 ). However, these efforts can be exclusionary and narrow in scope (Reich et al. 2010, Dawson 2014a, 2014b, Varner 2014, Lin Hunter et al. 2020, because of the resources (including time), connections (access), knowledge, and experience required of all involved. ...
Science communication (scicomm) shapes our world by helping people use science to make societal and personal decisions. Supporting and doing ethical scicomm requires valuing diverse perspectives and the people who do scicomm. Unfortunately, institutional hurdles ingrained in academia impede and undermine ethical scicomm. The injustices impeding scicomm stem from the prestige paradigm of academia (articulated in the present article), which reinforces hierarchical relationships in an exclusionary and exploitative system. To move academia forward, we name and review these injustices through the lens of five realms of scicomm (scientific communication, teaching scicomm, academics engaging in scicomm, scicomm research, and scicomm careers beyond academia). We then provide a novel framework, helping readers identify axes of influence and how they can leverage their intersectional, academic capital to take concrete action to remove the hurdles impeding ethical scicomm in academia.
... Capstick et al., 2017) or examining the use of environmental visual arts in facilitating communication between cross-cultural teams (e.g. Polfus et al., 2017), were excluded from our review, despite offering valuable insights into the communicative potential of environmental visual arts. Additionally, numerous environmental visual arts pieces and projects, such as installations by individual artists or Indigenous environmental art, are underrepresented in the published literature. ...
The intersection of environmental communication and visual arts has emerged as a burgeoning area of scholarly interest, holding promise for both theoretical advancement and innovative applied research. This review collects publications pertaining to art-based environmental communication from multiple disciplines and underscores the roles of self-reflection, audience characteristics, and artwork attributes in shaping cognitive, emotional, and behavioral outcomes. We not only highlight insights from current literature but also outline directions for future research, shedding light on the evolving and dynamic landscape of this field.
... Kurbah and Rao (2020) 13 Campaigns Polfus et al. (2017); Knyazkina et al., 2016;Ings (2014) Civil regulation Fonseca et al., 2017; (2011); Cohendet et al. (2009) Source: Drawn by authors regulated mechanisms for supporting and developing CT: 1) strike/protest , 2) public code of conduct (e.g., public perception for AI) Criscuolo et al., 2014), 3) NGO pressure Richer et al., 2018;Linotte and Phil, 2017), 4) campaigns (e.g., Polfus et al., 2017;Knyazkina et al., 2016;Brown and Bauer, 2015;Ustinova and Aleksandrova, 2014;Ings, 2014;Cohendet et al., 2009). Furthermore, presented how the protests and strikes of the native American community helped them keep their resources, territories, and wild rice (via a licensing system for wild rice and wild rice patenting), an innovative way of life over time. ...
... Kurbah and Rao (2020) 13 Campaigns Polfus et al. (2017); Knyazkina et al., 2016;Ings (2014) Civil regulation Fonseca et al., 2017; (2011); Cohendet et al. (2009) Source: Drawn by authors regulated mechanisms for supporting and developing CT: 1) strike/protest , 2) public code of conduct (e.g., public perception for AI) Criscuolo et al., 2014), 3) NGO pressure Richer et al., 2018;Linotte and Phil, 2017), 4) campaigns (e.g., Polfus et al., 2017;Knyazkina et al., 2016;Brown and Bauer, 2015;Ustinova and Aleksandrova, 2014;Ings, 2014;Cohendet et al., 2009). Furthermore, presented how the protests and strikes of the native American community helped them keep their resources, territories, and wild rice (via a licensing system for wild rice and wild rice patenting), an innovative way of life over time. ...
... To be a successful a particular partnership/collaboration, some of the below 20 circumstances/factors should be available (Table 8): clearly defined responsibilities and competencies between different partners (e.g., Richer et al., 2018;Chernikova and Sokalskiy, 2018;Ivashova et al., 2018), clear rules and division of tasks (e.g., Fonseca et al., 2017;Astafyeva et al., 2017;Knyazkina et al., 2016), win-win situation for "both" sides (e.g., Dechamp and Szostak, 2016;Coquil et al., 2014;Rogers and Badger, 2013), equal collaboration (e.g., Della Corte et al., 2018;Polfus et al., 2017;Przygodzki and Kina, 2015;, good lebal teams to prepare a good contract , strong authorities , transparency Criscuolo et al., 2014), strategic access , infrastructure and logistics , the development of linguistic and cultural skills on the part of the entrepreneurs, workers, and authorities a tight network of relation (the development of networks of relations based on trust) , mobilization and agreement among actors , cooperation between institutions involved in the territory and civil society , the potential availability of internet and other developments in technology and communications , hard work and honesty , patience and innovativeness , higher educational levels (basic business skills of account keeping, saving, and networking with markets) , close international collaboration (Hirschl and Shachar, 2019), thinking topologically about connectivity and relationality (Hoffman and Thatcher, 2019) a very loyal, big amount of Table 7 Type of partnerships between social actors in creative territories. Public-private partnerships audience . ...
Creative territories are geographic spaces of collaboration between different social actors, driving innovations
and requiring regulatory mechanisms for sustainability and growth. This paper aims to synthesize available
evidence on creative territories through a systematic literature review to analyze the significant actors in creative
territories, the type of partnerships between them, the kind of innovations in creative territories, and the regulatory mechanisms for supporting these territories. The Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and
Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) guidelines were followed to ensure a transparent and systematic approach. A
comprehensive search in the Scopus database, employing predefined search terms and inclusion criteria,
included 86 articles. The findings revealed several key topics within the existing academic literature on creative
territories, including i) the individual social players in creative territories and partnerships and collaborations
among them, ii) the various innovations in these territories and sectors, iii) the regulatory mechanisms applied
by government and non-government actors. These topics or aspects were further analyzed and categorized to
provide a comprehensive overview of the research landscape. The discussion section presents a critical analysis
and synthesis of the findings, highlighting that the government supports creative territories through 16 regu�latory mechanisms, while the literature highlights at least 5 levels of government intervention. Additionally,
private social actors can positively impact creative territories through various regulatory mechanisms, including
firm self-regulation, industry self-regulation, and civil regulation, with at least 21 social actors classified into 5
groups collaborating through six types/forms of collaboration. Furthermore, several circumstances and factors
should be available to prosper in a particular partnership/collaboration like a clear definition of responsibilities,
well-defined rules, mutual benefits, equal collaboration, and solid authority. The findings underscore the
importance of creative territories and serve as a valuable resource for researchers, practitioners, and policy-makers, offering insights and directions for future research endeavors.
... Arts-based participatory techniques are useful for exploring themes, co-creating knowledge, and increasing engagement (Beavers & Hodgson, 2011;Polfus et al., 2017;Rathwell & Armitage, 2016). We used two key methods: we first asked focus groups of 10-15 women 1 to develop 'visual food diaries' depicting food consumed at morning, midday, and evening, and contrasted this with a 'dream plate' or ideal meal (Supplementary Materials). ...
Food connects people and place, and weaves together issues of resource use, culture, and sovereignty. In the Pacific, a ‘nutrition transition’ towards store-bought and processed food is implicated in poor health outcomes and lowered resilience. We use a mixed methods approach to explore changes in the ‘foodscape’ – the interconnections between people and food in a place – at four rural sites in Solomon Islands. Our results indicate low dietary diversity driven by a range of environmental and social factors including commercial logging. Art-based methods show that a range of components of the foodscape, including Indigenous knowledge and practice and access to land, have supported resilience to external shocks. We argue that efforts to improve nutrition outcomes should build on place-based strengths and be designed to enhance local understandings of food sovereignty.
... Landscape as a reflection of intangible biocultural heritage was identified in nine papers. The emphasis was put on local or aboriginal songs (Curran et al., 2019); there was some marginal representation of aboriginal dances (Clark, 2004), storytelling (Fernández-Llamazares, Cabeza, 2018), or combinations of visual art and scientific and social science methods for examining the BCL (Polfus et al., 2017). ...
The growing interest of researchers in the topic of biocultural diversity has resulted in the research field expanding from its initial focus on places inhabited by indigenous communities to rural and then to urban landscapes. The aims of this study are to summarize and review the current state of knowledge on biocultural landscape (BCL), present a spectrum of human activities leading to their formation, and based on that, focus on typology of these landscapes. Moreover, the connections between cultural ecosystem services (CES) and BCLs were examined, and the research on these unique landscapes in individual countries and the proportion of studied landscape types were graphically displayed. BCLs are threatened all over the world; therefore, there is a need to identify and recognize them, and provide them with effective legislative protection.
... The work presented in this paper represents a modification of a structure derived from western science and therefore, may not yet fully accomplish the balanced and respectful inclusion of both knowledge systems (Nadasdy, 1999;Berkes et al., 2000Berkes et al., , 2007. Limitations to its implementation are recognized, including a structure still focused on single-species assessments (although the Species at Risk (NWT) Act, 2009 does allow for multi-species and ecosystem assessments, these tools have not been used to date); a threat assessment/ranking structure that, while modified from that used by the IUCN to increase its accessibility (IUCN, 2022c), still represents a scientific-western bias in thinking; uneven allocation of research funds; the treatment of people as a force impacting species but not having a relationship with species, and a tendency for documented Indigenous knowledge to be removed from the cultural, spiritual, linguistic, and ecological context integral to its accurate interpretation (Berkes et al., 2000;Polfus et al., 2017;McElwee et al., 2020;SARC, 2020e). It is also important to note that the revisions SARC undertook may not be equally applicable in all regions or at all jurisdictional levels. ...
Interest in meaningfully including and applying Indigenous knowledge in species at risk assessment processes is growing, but serious procedural challenges remain to achieving this in international, national, and regional organizations responsible for assessments. Indigenous knowledge is grounded in place-based, spiritual knowledge and values passed down through generations. This system of knowledge is often misinterpreted, taken out of context, or pushed aside entirely when integrated into processes built for scientific knowledge. Recognizing these challenges, the Species at Risk Committee of the Northwest Territories, Canada, sought to create a process that would permit the meaningful consideration of both Indigenous and scientific knowledge systems in species at risk assessments. This resulted in the development of two sets of complementary assessment criteria with independent components reflecting Indigenous knowledge and scientific knowledge, respectively. The final status assessment is informed by both components, to the extent possible. The Indigenous knowledge criteria also permits a species to be assessed as at risk where Indigenous cultures or traditional ways of life are impeded or rendered impossible because of changes to a species or its habitat. This unique structure permits a more equitable consideration of all sources of best available knowledge and more effectively reflects biocultural linkages. The meaningful consideration of Indigenous knowledge in species at risk assessments is a topic of high importance and we encourage others to re-evaluate the ways in which species at risk assessments are completed.
... Our methodological approach stimulated an interdisciplinary study to landscape classification and provided a suitable approach to supporting the protection and management of biocultural landscapes and their preservation for future generations. Interdisciplinary approaches are necessary for exploring the complex research questions that stem from interdependence in social-ecological systems (Polfus et al. 2017) such as biocultural landscapes. They are a mixture of human activity with expressions of biodiversity (Hill et al. 2011). ...
The European Landscape Convention aims to promote landscape protection, management and planning. This must be done based on identification and knowledge of those basic landscape types that were created by the interaction of human and nature over the course of historical development. This paper presents a methodological approach for creation and evaluation of representative biocultural types of landscape, in order to elaborate an effective strategy for landscape protection, and proposes a management strategy of sustainable use of representative biocultural landscapes of Slovakia. That will ensure the regular maintenance of the landscape in view of current global trends and factors affecting the landscape. Our interdisciplinary approach is based on previous landscape classifications and the interaction of natural and cultural elements. The classification of the biocultural landscape is obtained as a result of multi-criteria analysis in GIS and synthesis of maps of potential vegetation, real ecosystems and current land use, abiotic conditions of representative geoecosystems of Slovakia, and other specific statistical data. We assessed the perception and significance of individual landscape types by way of a questionnaire survey. In Slovakia, seven basic types of landscape were singled out, ranging from natural to semi-natural to anthropogenic, within which other subtypes were specified. We assessed the protection of individual types, as well as threats and degradation of the landscape. Insufficient protection is given to the most valuable types of biocultural landscape and new tools and methods of support and protection have to be implemented.
... This approach is not only the baseline for good scicomm with minoritized communities (Polfus et al. 2017, Canfield and Menezes 2020), but can also be a productive model in fully westernized contexts (Groesbeck et al. 2014). Certainly, it is not remedial to invest in a co-production approach with Indigenous or otherwise minoritized and colonially oppressed communities. ...
Scientists in and beyond academia face considerable challenges to effectively
sharing science, including lack of time and training, systemic disincentives, and the complexity
of the modern media/attention landscape. Considering these constraints, 3 achievable shifts
in mindset and practice can substantively enhance science communication efforts. Here, we
provide evidence-based and experientially informed advice on how to center shared values,
articulate science communication goals, and leverage the power of stories to advance our
communication goals in connection with the values we share with our stakeholders. In addition
to a discussion of relevant, foundational principles in science communication, we provide
actionable recommendations and tools scientists can immediately use to articulate their
values, identify shared values between stakeholders, set science communication goals, and
use storytelling as a means of building and reinforcing relationships around shared values,
thereby working productively to achieve those goals.
... Considering these large ranges, Rangifer has played a central role in the histories, culture, and everyday life of a diversity of people and communities across North American Arctic and Subarctic regions . For example, many Indigenous Peoples depend on caribou for food, cultural practices and cultural continuity, spiritual ceremonies, clothing, self-perception and identity, and livelihoods (Collings, 1997;Keith, 2004;Sejersen, 2004;Lambden et al., 2007;Meis Mason et al., 2007, 2012Royer andHerrmann, 2011, 2013;Schuster et al., 2011;Gagné et al., 2012;Zoe, 2012;Bali and Kofinas, 2014;Beaumier et al., 2015;Castro et al., 2016;Chiu et al., 2016;Rixen and Blangy, 2016;Polfus et al., 2017;Parlee et al., 2018;Southcott et al., 2018). ...
... Therefore, future Rangifer-related research may benefit from increased partnerships with and research leadership by Indigenous groups to further understand well-being trends related to Rangifer, and to ensure that multiple forms of knowledges and sciences are reflected in the academic literature. Articles such as Bali and Kofinas (2014), Polfus et al. (2016Polfus et al. ( , 2017, Parlee et al. (2018), Wray and Parlee (2013), and Zoe (2012) illustrate how coproducing knowledge in partnership with Indigenous communities can support a strong foundation for exploring issues related to Indigenous well-being and Rangifer. ...
Many Rangifer tarandus (caribou or reindeer) populations across North America have been declining, posing a variety of challenges for Indigenous communities that depend on the species for physical and cultural sustenance. This article used a scoping review methodology to systematically examine and characterize the nature, extent, and range of articles published in academic journals on the connection between Rangifer and Indigenous well-being in the Arctic and Subarctic regions of North America. Two reviewers independently used eligibility criteria to identify and screen abstracts and titles and then screen full texts of each potentially relevant article. To be included in this review, articles had to discuss linkages between Rangifer and Indigenous well-being in the North American Arctic and Subarctic and be published prior to 2018. A total of 4279 articles were identified and screened for relevance; 58 articles met the inclusion criteria and were analyzed using descriptive quantitative and thematic qualitative methods. Results characterized the depth and diversity of what we know about Rangifer for Indigenous culture, food security, livelihoods, psychological well-being, and social connections across North America in the academic literature. Several gaps were identified. Little is known about the psychological ties between Rangifer and Indigenous Peoples and the influence of Rangifer-related change on Indigenous well-being and adaptive capacity. We urgently need to know more about the emotional connections that arise from Indigenous-Rangifer linkages, the effectiveness of adaptive strategies, and the intergenerational implications of Rangifer-related change. Further, enhanced inclusion of Indigenous Peoples in the production of knowledge on this topic is fundamental to the future of understanding Indigenous-Rangifer relationships.
... Some case studies used an approach that promoted the integration of Indigenous and scientific knowledge in genomics (Zuercher et al. 2003;Fraser et al. 2006;Ragupathy et al. 2009;Newmaster and Ragupathy 2010;Rangan et al. 2015 Marin et al. 2017;Polfus et al. 2017;Rossetto et al. 2017), which made it possible to highlight their complementarity within SMC projects. The two types of knowledge often rely on different temporal periods and spatial scales, but they provide information that is both relevant and complementary (Fraser et al. 2006). ...
... The presentation of research results in layman's terms is another communication issue that genomics researchers must contend with (Polfus et al. 2017). This issue can be seen as an opportunity to share the approach and results of the project, not only with the people who are closely involved in the project, but also for the general public and with young people who are the future users (Polfus et al. 2016). ...
... This issue can be seen as an opportunity to share the approach and results of the project, not only with the people who are closely involved in the project, but also for the general public and with young people who are the future users (Polfus et al. 2016). Polfus et al. (2017) used art to communicate the research in a novel way with Indigenous communities and to facilitate exchanges and initiate discussions. Art made it possible to communicate genomics concepts in layman's terms and facilitate their understanding (Polfus et al. 2017). ...
Sustainable management and conservation (SMC) projects for natural resources in collaboration with Indigenous Peoples using a genomics approach are increasing in number. Information and tools/applications derived from genomics can be useful to them, particularly in the context of climate change. However, the challenge of translating these applications into practice and harnessing them to serve Indigenous communities remains. We present an exploratory literature review that addresses: (1) the demonstrated utility of genomics in SMC projects involving Indigenous Peoples, (2) some issues that may limit the adoption of genomics tools, and (3) the collaborative work between researchers and Indigenous communities in the analyzed studies. The demonstrated uses identified were largely of a socioecological nature. The complementary nature of Indigenous knowledge and scientific knowledge in genomics was recognized as an opportunity that should be further developed to address current challenges such as climate change. Regarding the adoption into practice of this technology in SMC projects, in addition to similar issues with other end users, the integration of the needs, traditional values and knowledge of Indigenous communities in genomics projects also represents a challenge in the context of the decolonization of genomics research. Finally, community-researcher collaboration was identified as a key element in promoting the successful uptake of genomics in SMC.
