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While ever more architects use digital simulations of energy and daylight to inform their designs, relatively few carry out post-occupancy evaluations of their buildings. This, according to University of Toronto post-doctoral researcher Terri Peters, is a missed opportunity. Presenting recent built examples of a variety of building types by three l...
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The Building Information Modelling (BIM) is transforming the way building delivered traditionally. The Construction industry is growing rapidly and the demand of Sustainable facilities with least impact on the environment is increasing. Sustainable development has been divided into water conservation, energy use reduction, sustainable procurement o...
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... Architects and building designers, because the feedback from low-cost sensor networks helps them improve their designs by studying environmental and behavioral data over time, improving the comfort and experience of people in buildings [32,33]. ...
These authors contributed equally to this work. Abstract: Maintaining optimal Indoor Environmental Quality (IEQ) requires continuous measurement of certain variables. To this end, ASHRAE and BPIE recommend that at least the following areas of interest be considered when measuring IEQ: thermal comfort, illuminance, indoor air quality, and noise. At this time, it is not common to find an IoT device that is suitable for dense deployments in schools, university campuses, hospitals, and office buildings, among others, that measures variables in all of the above areas of interest. This paper presents a solution to the problem previously outlined by proposing an IoT device that measures variables across all of the aforementioned areas of interest. Moreover, in a radio frequency network with a tree-like structure of IoT devices, this device is able to assume the roles of sensor and hub node, sensor and router node, and only sensor node. The experimental results are satisfactory, and the detailed system design ensures the replicability of the device. Furthermore, the theoretical analysis paves the way for high scalability.
... More recently, a broader definition was proposed that mentioned neither users nor uses of information, but feedback activities including "Collection, analysis, comparison, and sharing of data about building performance." [41]. ...
This review contributes to the debate regarding feedback needed by architects and building designers to improve the sustainability of their building designs. It utilizes the Integral Sustainable Design framework to harness a more comprehensive definition of sustainability to examine the breadth of currently possible feedback to building designers. The review acknowledges the multiple stakeholders that partake in different stages of a building project and focusses specifically on feedback from completed buildings for architects and designers. This review has endeavoured to summarize the range of current feedback which may be available to architects and draw conclusions regarding the usefulness of some of the assessment methods. There are some aspects of sustainability that have well developed and agreed feedback measures, such as energy use, embodied energy, and Indoor Air Quality. Other aspects about which there has been some research but no agreement on feedback include feeling safe, ecosystem services, and inclusiveness. This review reveals important feedback aspects not covered by either research, sustainability ratings schemes or post occupancy evaluation methods. Indeed, there are many aspects of the sustainability of school buildings about which very little is known, such as physical externalities and community services and the building's effect on socialisation and sense of place. Direct feedback in these areas will increase the pace of sustainability improvement in school design. However, further research is required to determine aspects about which architects desire feedback would find most useful and to develop efficient feedback methods. t.
... This particular study also had economic impacts, as the new boilers were higher efficiency and cheaper to run in the long term. Given this accumulating evidence, there has been a number of design offices formally researching how and in which ways building design shapes behavior of the inhabitants they design for, then using this information as feedback in their design processes (Peters, 2018). One example, 3XN Architects in Denmark, follows. ...
In architecture, the term resilience tends to be used narrowly describe a building’s structural and environmental performance in quantitative terms—but can a building be called resilient if it fails to make inspiring spaces for people, promote well-being, or improve people’s experience? The chapter begins by exploring how the term is currently evaluated in and around buildings, through discussion of related concepts such as sustainability, passive survivability, and performance gaps. The chapter traces the emergence of a new generation of building evaluation metrics and certification systems that are focused not solely on environmental performance but also consider synergies between people’s experience and our natural resources, such as Active House. The work of GXN and 3XN in Denmark are discussed, in relation to how their research explores resilience and sustainability by focusing on the social aspects of how buildings make people feel. Examples from the multifunctional, process-based strategies used in a series of new climate adaptation renovations in Copenhagen, Denmark, are discussed as exemplary resilient design projects that address neighborhood flooding by simultaneously improving the qualities of public spaces and better connecting people to nature. The chapter concludes with a discussion of how locally specific and socially focused designs can support more resilient environments for people.
... 'We live in an era where data is abundant, yet very little of this data is used to effectively inform the early design of buildings… early geometries are rarely compared for energy use, daylighting, shading, or airflow potential, since there are many other issues for architects to consider' [6]. In the last five years, there has been an explosion in digital tools that designers can use, and many House project in Bornholm, Denmark [7]. Their Smart Room Collective monitoring (see Figure 2) is designed to allow guests to visualise the impacts of their use of the building and to see realtime building performance data relating to energy, light, air and water use. ...
