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![Figure 13. Distance i z with CLT panels with 5 laminates [10]](profile/Ljiljana-Kozaric/publication/294109102/figure/fig1/AS:616350452023297@1523960807251/Distance-i-z-with-CLT-panels-with-5-laminates-10_Q320.jpg)
This work analyses cross laminated timber (CLT), contemporary building material produced of dried wooden elements - laminates. Laminates in CLT panels are equally wide and timber fibers are rectangularly plated within layers. Paper shows basic physical - mechanical characteristics of CLT panels and analytic models that are most commonly used in des...
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Initially, timber was considered only as an easily accessible and processable material in nature; however, its excellent properties have since become better understood. During the discovery of new building materials and thanks to new technological development processes, industrial processing technologies and gradually drastically decreasing forest...
Citations
... However, as a result of shear deformations in CLT elements, it cannot be applied directly. There are basically three analytical methods for calculating the bending properties of CLT floors: the Gamma method, the K-method, and the Shear analogy method [19]. The main assumption when applying these methods is that floors are simply supported, loaded perpendicular to their plane, and carry load only in one longitudinal direction. ...
A r t i c l e h i s t o r y A B S T R A C T Cross-laminated timber (CLT) is an innovative engineering wood product made by gluing layers of solid timber boards placed in an orthogonally alternating orientation to the neighbouring layers. CLT panels provide an efficient solution for floors in single-and multi-storey buildings. Due to their light weight and often long-span, the design of these floors is generally governed by serviceability limit state criteria, that is, deflection or vibration limits. Vibrations induced by dynamic actions, such as people walking and their everyday activities, cannot result in structural failure but may cause discomfort to occupants if vibrations are not properly controlled. This paper gives an overview of some available methods for the vibration serviceability design of residential CLT floors. Differences between these methods are discussed through the consideration of criteria and their limit values. Although some criteria are common to certain methods, it may happen that the same criteria take into account different factors. In order to get a better description of the actual behaviour of floor structure, certain classifications of floors based on vibration serviceability performance were introduced in design methods.
This study conducts a preliminary investigation to determine the material properties of Cross- Laminated Timber (CLT) made from the bark of unproductive palm trunks. One-third of the lower part of palm trunks, aged over 20 years, was used for this purpose. CLTs were created by laminating palm boards into three and five layers, each measuring 200 mm x 20 mm x 1500 mm. A chemical epoxy was employed for lamination. The palm stems were dried in an oven at 110°C for 24 hours. Test results revealed a water content of 6.79% and a specific gravity of 0.23 gr/cm3 in oil palm stems. According to ASTM D143-94- 2005 and JIS Z210-21118 standards, wood's acceptable moisture content ranges from 12% to 20%. Given its low specific weight and minimal water content, palm oil trunks, including infill walls, show promise for use in earthquake-resistant construction.
