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Cancer poses a significant challenge in the medical field, requiring thorough investigation into its mechanisms and the development of effective treatments. Recently, there has been increasing interest in integrating drugs with metal nanoparticles, which are notable for their unique size and physicochemical properties, aiming to enhance anticancer...
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... the TEM analysis (Fig. 1, B) demonstrated the round shape of Ag NPs, but still with some variance in morphology. RJ-mediated green synthesized AgNPs' absorbance peak was observed at ~430 nm (Fig. 1, C), consistent with an earlier study (Gevorgyan et al., 2021). ...
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... jelly. Based on the obtained data, royal jelly does not exhibit any inhibitory effect on either of the tested cancer cell lines at any of the tested concentrations and exposure times. Meanwhile, RJ-synthesized silver nanoparticles demonstrate a signicant inhibitory effect on the growth of HeLa and A549 cancer cells in a dose-dependent manner (Fig. 2). The exposure time did not signicantly affect the inhibitory properties of RJ-AgNPs, indicating that a 4-hour exposure is sucient to achieve optimal growthinhibiting ...
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... the next stage of the work, the growth-inhibiting properties of silver nanoparticles obtained in the presence of an RJ were determined on the A549 lung cancer cell line (Fig. 2, A). As the concentration of silver nanoparticles increases, the viability of cell growth decreases. Thus, as can be seen from the results, the highest observed concentration of nanoparticles, 23 μg/ml, showed almost the same effect at 4, 24, and 72 hours of growth, showing a decrease in cell viability by 90-95% (Fig. 2, A). This ...
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... A549 lung cancer cell line (Fig. 2, A). As the concentration of silver nanoparticles increases, the viability of cell growth decreases. Thus, as can be seen from the results, the highest observed concentration of nanoparticles, 23 μg/ml, showed almost the same effect at 4, 24, and 72 hours of growth, showing a decrease in cell viability by 90-95% (Fig. 2, A). This concentration is also cytotoxic to the Hela cell line (Fig. 2, B). At a silver nanoparticle concentration of 11.5 μg/ml, cell viability decreased to 45%. Concentrations of 5.75 μg/ml, 2.845 μg/ml, and 1.4 μg/ml of silver nanoparticles at 4 and 24 hours do not signicantly inhibit cell growth. Regarding the effect of royal jelly on ...
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... increases, the viability of cell growth decreases. Thus, as can be seen from the results, the highest observed concentration of nanoparticles, 23 μg/ml, showed almost the same effect at 4, 24, and 72 hours of growth, showing a decrease in cell viability by 90-95% (Fig. 2, A). This concentration is also cytotoxic to the Hela cell line (Fig. 2, B). At a silver nanoparticle concentration of 11.5 μg/ml, cell viability decreased to 45%. Concentrations of 5.75 μg/ml, 2.845 μg/ml, and 1.4 μg/ml of silver nanoparticles at 4 and 24 hours do not signicantly inhibit cell growth. Regarding the effect of royal jelly on the A549 lung cancer cell line, unlike silver nanoparticles, royal ...
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... is inhibited by 90%. A concentration of nanoparticles of 11.5 μg/ml inhibited cell growth by up to 50% after 4 hours of exposure, and up to 60% at 24 and 72 exposures, and a concentration of 5.75 μg/ml inhibited cell growth after 72 hours, by 50%. At lower concentrations, 2.875 μg/ml, and 1.4 μg/ml, cell viability levels decrease by less than 50% (Fig. 2, B). To exclude the possibility that the observed anticancer effect was caused not by silver nanoparticles, but by royal jelly itself, in the next stage of work we determined the cytotoxic effect of royal jelly on the HeLa cell line. As shown in (Fig. 2, B), unlike silver nanoparticles, RJ did not have a cytotoxic effect on the HeLa cancer ...
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... concentrations, 2.875 μg/ml, and 1.4 μg/ml, cell viability levels decrease by less than 50% (Fig. 2, B). To exclude the possibility that the observed anticancer effect was caused not by silver nanoparticles, but by royal jelly itself, in the next stage of work we determined the cytotoxic effect of royal jelly on the HeLa cell line. As shown in (Fig. 2, B), unlike silver nanoparticles, RJ did not have a cytotoxic effect on the HeLa cancer cell line at any ...
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... of 2.845 μg/m and 5.75 μg/ml were selected for silver nanoparticles, while a concentration of 0.5 mg/ml was utilized for royal jelly. A549 and HeLa cells were cultured in the presence of royal jelly and silver nanoparticles for 24 hours, following which potential morphological changes were assessed via staining with hematoxylin and eosin (Fig. 2, D, and E). Relative to the control group, no discernible morphological variations were observed in cancer cells subjected to royal jelly. Conversely, exposure to silver nanoparticles resulted in a reduction in cell count (Fig. 2, C). Furthermore, in comparison to the control group, pronounced nuclear damage and cellular wall edema were ...
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... for 24 hours, following which potential morphological changes were assessed via staining with hematoxylin and eosin (Fig. 2, D, and E). Relative to the control group, no discernible morphological variations were observed in cancer cells subjected to royal jelly. Conversely, exposure to silver nanoparticles resulted in a reduction in cell count (Fig. 2, C). Furthermore, in comparison to the control group, pronounced nuclear damage and cellular wall edema were evident in this instance, indicative of potential apoptosis induction in cancer cells by silver nanoparticles (Fig. 2, D, and ...
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... cancer cells subjected to royal jelly. Conversely, exposure to silver nanoparticles resulted in a reduction in cell count (Fig. 2, C). Furthermore, in comparison to the control group, pronounced nuclear damage and cellular wall edema were evident in this instance, indicative of potential apoptosis induction in cancer cells by silver nanoparticles (Fig. 2, D, and ...