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O verview Everyone recognizes that babies and young children need and love their parents. But what about teens? Even an adolescent's own parents can despair and wonder how their loving child has apparently become so rejecting. But "apparently" is a crucial word. Research indicates that not only does parenting continue to be important for adolescent...
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There is increasing interest in migrant children’s contribution to family processes of integration. Less explored are the role of affective bonds and the significance of children’s care worlds in managing the transition of the migrant family, especially between home and school. Drawing on a deep ethnographic study of 10 diverse migrant families (pa...
Citations
... Kualitas hubungan yang baik antara remaja dan orang tua dikaitkan dengan tingkat tekanan psikologis yang lebih rendah antara remaja dan orang tua, meningkatkan harga diri, kebahagiaan dan kepuasan hidup remaja, serta kedewasaan dalam berhubungan dengan orang lain (Moore et al., 2004). Meskipun demikian, konflik antara orang tua dan remaja juga dapat menjadi sarana untuk negosiasi perubahan relasi. ...
... Ibu lebih banyak melewatkan waktu untuk memberikan perhatian secara fisik dan kesejahteraan secara afeksi (Berk, 2003 Komunikasi yang terbuka dalam hubungan orang tua dan anak menandakan adanya kedekatan dan hubungan yang berkualitas. Hasil penelitian Moore et al (2004) menunjukkan bahwa orang tua dan remaja yang melakukan komunikasi secara intensif menikmati hubungan yang lebih positif. Komunikasi yang efektif membuat remaja merasa nyaman untuk terbuka kepada orang tuanya. ...
The less quality of mother-adolescent relationship is indicated by the unwillingness of adolescent to talk about their problem to mother and the emergent of mother-adolescent conflict. This research aim to prove the effectiveness of communication skills training to increase the quality of mother-adolescent relationship. This research tests the hypothesis that communication training can improve the quality of mother and teen relationship. The quality of mother-adolescent relationship was measured using the scale of mother-child relationship. The participants were 18 mothers with Senior High School of education and that have adolescent children. The experimental design used was a pre-test post-test control group design. The result shows that communication skills training can effectively increase the quality of mother-adolescent relationship.
After a mother participates in training, teenagers feel comfortable telling their problems to mothers and feel understood.
... In addition, studies on parental closeness and emotional support [4,31] shows that a close parent-adolescent relationship is a direct buffer to substance use when adolescents experience challenges in their lives, as they are likely to receive the emotional support they require. Finally, positive parent-adolescent relationships protect adolescents from the negative effects of authoritarian and permissive parenting styles [32]. ...
... Some adolescents have a hard time communicating with their parents about certain problems they are experiencing within the home, at school, at work, or in their relationships. However, research [3,4,32] shows that parents have a special role to play in nurturing healthy adolescents. Fathers are seen as the head of the family in African households, and they lay the foundation for the upbringing of adolescents, especially the boy child. ...
Adolescents strive for freedom and autonomy; thus, communication with their parents needs to be enhanced. Building solid healthy relationships at this stage of their lives is of utmost importance to help them cope with the changes and challenges they are experiencing. The purpose of this chapter is to explore the parent-adolescent relationship in the substance dependency field. The focus is on the relationship between parents and their adolescents who have a substance use disorder. Parenting adolescents poses its own set of challenges, making it difficult to build and maintain healthy parent-adolescent relationships. We argue that although adolescent substance use disorder has been extensively researched, the relationship between parents and adolescents with substance use disorder has surprisingly not received the same attention. It is this gap that this chapter seeks to address. With this in mind, the ecological systems theory was employed here to shed light on the importance and significance of developing healthy parent-adolescent relationships. The findings show that the parent-adolescent relationship primarily informs the daily living of both the parents and the adolescents. The parent-adolescent relationship is therefore very important as it represents whole-family functioning.
... Hence, psychological well-being of vulnerable groups including emerging adolescents are at risk given that they are in an ambivalent stage in searching for their identity 20 . In order to encourage healthy psychological and socioemotional development in emerging adolescents, parents' involvement and adequate social support are necessary 21 . ...
... Social interactions, social support, relationship quality and relationship satisfaction are important predictors for health and well-being (Miller et al. 2009;Rusbult and Van Lange 2003). Relationship quality and relationship satisfaction between children/adolescents and their parents are not just important for child/adolescent development (Cleveland et al. 2008;Moore et al. 2004) but can also foster family and individual resilience (Patterson 2002;Rayner and Montague 2000;Walsh 2003). The parent-child relationship changes along the lifespan as reliance on the parents diminishes and changes into a more reciprocal relationship (Allen et al. 2003;Noller et al. 2001). ...
The Evaluation of Social Systems (EVOS) scale was developed as a measure of the quality of social relationships vis-à-vis context-unspecific aspects of relationship quality. Although constructed for adolescents above the age of 11, it has to date only been validated in adult samples. The current study investigated if EVOS can be applied to adolescents through a cross-sectional study. We investigated factorial validity and construct validity of EVOS in a sample of adolescents with a mean age of 14.74. Additionally, we examined measurement invariance between youth and adult samples. The two-factor model that was developed for adults also held in the present study. EVOS showed good reliability and exhibited strict measurement invariance. Construct validity was supported by correlations with measures of family functioning and psychological distress. We conclude that EVOS is an economic, reliable, and valid measure of the quality of family relations in adolescents. Scores are directly comparable between youths and adults.
... Dating relationships in adolescence are considered part of normative development and serve as a primary context for learning interpersonal behaviors (Collins et al. 2009;Furman and Shaffer 2003). Likewise, the parent-adolescent relationship remains a salient influence on developmental and relational outcomes (Furman and Shaffer 2003;Moore et al. 2004;Roisman et al. 2009), and can serve as a secure base for many teens (Nickerson and Nagle 2005). Relationship education, often employed for adults, has become increasingly available for teenagers and focuses on equipping teens with the skills and knowledge necessary to make healthy romantic relationship choices (e.g., Kerpelman 2007). ...
... Research has given much attention to the parent-adolescent relationship and many studies indicate that parents play an essential role in an adolescent's development (Furman and Shaffer 2003;Roisman et al. 2009;Steinberg 2001). In general, parent-adolescent patterns of interactions are more positive than negative and often enhance the development of the adolescent (Moore et al. 2004). Positive parent-adolescent interactions have empirically been associated with better academic outcomes (Hair et al. 2005;Herman et al. 1997) and lower likelihood of participation in risky behaviors (Hair et al. 2005). ...
... Positive parent-adolescent interactions have empirically been associated with better academic outcomes (Hair et al. 2005;Herman et al. 1997) and lower likelihood of participation in risky behaviors (Hair et al. 2005). Better adolescent mental, emotional, and social well-being are also associated with more positive parentadolescent relationship (Barber and Erickson 2001), and other studies suggest that a high quality parent-adolescent relationship results in positive outcomes that extend into adulthood (Moore et al. 2004;Shaw et al. 2004). Results from a study by Hair et al. (2008) indicate the quality of the parent-adolescent relationship impacts adolescent development through association with family routines, adolescent perceived parental awareness, and adolescent perceived parental support. ...
Background
Relationship education (RE), often employed for adults, has become increasingly available for teenagers. However, non-romantic relationships are rarely assessed as a potential outcome domain influenced by RE.
Objective
Informed by life course theory and the ecological systems perspective, this study examines the influence of RE on both dating and parent–adolescent relationships, and the associations between such changes.
Methods
Using a one-sample, non-controlled design, we conducted repeated measures analysis of covariance, and hierarchical linear regression analyses to examine the influence of RE participation on 3658 ethnically diverse adolescents’ knowledge and use of healthy skills in their parent–adolescent and dating relationships and whether these changes are linked.
Results
Results indicate significant and positive influences on participants’ knowledge and use of healthy relationship skills in their parent–adolescent and dating relationships. Further, results indicate that change in the current dating relationship is associated with concurrent change in the parent–adolescent relationship.
Conclusion
The results of this study provide preliminary evidence for a spillover effect of relationship education efforts, which are traditionally focused on the youth dating relationships, to parent–adolescent relationship dynamics. Future research considering multiple domains of RE outcomes for youth is warranted and future RE development and implementation may consider integrating parents to maximize program outcomes.
... Programs with a high level of parental engagement also tend to help reduce risk behaviours among participating youth. They have been found to lower rates of tobacco and drug use, delinquency, violent behaviour, and risky sexual behaviour (Moore, Guzman, Hair, Lippman, & Garrett, 2004;Moore & 6 the opportunity to be partners and work with program staff, and they play a key role in helping staff better understand family dynamics and circumstances. We believe that the consistent focus on building meaningful relationships with parents in the Pathways to Education program places these practices in the realm of parental engagement. ...
This report on parental engagement by Pathways to Education Canada includes a scan of secondary research on parental engagement, recommendations for successful implementation, and findings from a series of interviews with Pathways to Education staff in four program locations and three provinces. It is designed for practitioners, program managers, researchers, and program development professionals involved in after-school youth development programs, particularly programs for youth living in contexts of disadvantage and marginalization.
The report is first in a series entitled Relationships Matter. In 2016, Pathways to Education Canada plans to release two more reports in this series, focusing on peer relationships and developmental relationships with adults. Much like this recent report on parental engagement, each of these future reports will include a section on insights gleaned from interviews with Pathways to Education front-line staff.
... Several studies found out that positive relationships, i.e. connectedness between parents and adolescents is linked to avoidance or lower use of alcohol, tobacco, and drugs and is less likely to initiate sex or sexual activity. On the contrary, poor-quality parent-youth relationships were associated with increased sexual activity (34,35,36). ...
... Female students who were living way from their parents were three times more likely to be at risk than those who were living with their parents. This finding is similar to studies conducted in many countries (8,34,35,36). Numerous studies recommended family interventions to improve parent-child communication, supportive parenting, and parental monitoring. ...
Youth engage in risk sexual behavior due to insufficient knowledge of reproductive health and family planning. Youth sexual behavior is important not only because of the possible reproductive outcomes, but also because of sexually transmitted infections. The level of risks and sexual behaviors are different between male and female youth due to sexual exposure and socio-cultural factors. The aim of this study was to compare risky sexual behaviors and associated factors among male and female preparatory school (grades 11 and 12) students in Jimma Zone.
A comparative cross-sectional study was conducted in 5 randomly selected preparatory schools of Jimma Zone. A total of 520 students were selected using simple random sampling technique. A structured, pretested and self-administered questionnaire was used to collect data. Both descriptive analysis and binary logistic regressions were performed on the data to understand risky sexual behaviors among students.
Twenty-two (25.9%) of male and 25(21.6%) of female students had two or more sexual partners in the last six months. Eighty-three (32.3%), 113(43.5%) male and female students were sexually at risk in the last six months. Only 8(9.4%) of the male and 10(8.6%) of the female students used condom consistently in the last six months. Female students living away from their parents were 3 times more likely to be at risk than students living with their parents (OR 95%CI 3.0(1.48-6.34)). Female students who consumed alcohol were 7 times more likely to be at risk than those who did not consume alcohol (OR 95%CI 7.27(3.36-15.7)). Male students who consumed alcohol were 2.8 times more likely to be at risk than those who did not consumed alcohol (OR 95%CI, 2.81(1.3-6.06)). Male students who chewed khat were 4.6 times more likely to be at risk than students who did not chew khat (OR 95%CI, 4.58(1.95-10.76).
Living arrangement, educational status of parents, family connectedness, alcohol consumption and khat-chewing were the major predictors of risky sexual behavior. Therefore, School, family and zonal education office should be involved in reducing the risky sexual behavior of school youth.
... Recent studies, including a longitudinal study conducted by the National Longitudinal Survey of Youth (see Moore, Guzman, Hair, Lippman, & Garrett, 2004 for a review), have revealed that teens typically view their relationships with parents positively and that conflict does yield in favor of a more equitable relationship over time (van Doorn, Branje, & Meeus, 2011). Zimmermann, Mohr, and Spangler (2009) even suggest that conflict can serve a positive role in promoting ego development if resolved within a secure and supportive parent-teen dyad. ...
The literature on parent-adolescent attachment relationships has proliferated in recent years and has found associations between secure, positive attachment and lower mental health difficulties, more meaningful relationships, and increased career and educational success. In contrast, those adolescents who have failed to form meaningful attachments with caregivers appear to struggle in these areas. It is important for family counselors to understand the role that attachment plays across the life span, but particularly in adolescence, as new relationships develop and relationships change. In addition, family counselors may struggle with boundary issues in counseling situations where insecure attachments are of clinical concern. Thus, this article serves as a review of the most current theory and research in the area of parent-adolescent attachment, as well as implications for family counselors-specifically, incorporating attachment into their conceptualization of cases where the adolescent is the identified client and establishing and maintaining appropriate boundaries with their adolescent clients.
... Family connected-ness is protective factor for risk sexual behavior. Several studies have found that positive relationship or connected-ness between parents and adolescents is linked to avoidance or lower use of alcohol, tobacco, and drugs and less likely to initiate sex [26][27][28] . Family supports were significantly associated with risky sexual behavior as protective factors. ...
... This finding is also consistent with many other findings. Meta-analysis of "youth-focused" prevention strategies aimed at delaying sexual intercourse and reducing risky sexual behavior found no evidence of beneficial effects In contrast, numerous family interventions focused on improving parent-child communication, supportive parenting, and parental monitoring have shown effects on these outcomes [26][27][28] . ...
Background: Risky sexual behavior is any behavior that increases the probability of negative consequences associated with sexual contact. Family environment, peer influence, community factors and school attachment seem an important factor affecting sexual risk behavior and decision of in-school youths. Objective: To assess sexual risk behaviors and associated factors among students living with parents in Jimma zone preparatory schools. Methods: A cross sectional study designs both qualitative and quantitative approaches was conducted in 5 randomly selected preparatory schools. A total of 273 students were randomly selected. Multiple logistic regressions were performed to identify the independent predictor of risk sexual behavior. Result: One hundred fiten (42.1%) students had sexual risk bahivor. Thirty six (30.8%) student's reports they had two or more sexual partners in their lifetime. Out of 117 students, 13 (11.2%) students used condom always. One hundred one (37%) students were consumed alcohol. Higher likelihood of risky sexual behavior significantly associated with higher levels of alcohol consumption and low frequency of religious visit. Conclusion: Alcohol consumption and religious visit were the major predictors of risky sexual behaviors. Therefore, Behavior change communication should consider family environment and other factors which predict risk sexual behaviors.
... Family connected-ness is protective factor for risk sexual behavior. Several studies have found that positive relationship or connected-ness between parents and adolescents is linked to avoidance or lower use of alcohol, tobacco, and drugs and less likely to initiate sex [26][27][28] . Family supports were significantly associated with risky sexual behavior as protective factors. ...
... This finding is also consistent with many other findings. Meta-analysis of "youth-focused" prevention strategies aimed at delaying sexual intercourse and reducing risky sexual behavior found no evidence of beneficial effects In contrast, numerous family interventions focused on improving parent-child communication, supportive parenting, and parental monitoring have shown effects on these outcomes [26][27][28] . ...
Risky sexual behavior is any behavior that increases the probability of negative consequences associated with sexual contact. Family environment, peer influence, community factors and school attachment seem an important factor affecting sexual risk behavior and decision of in-school youths.
To assess sexual risk behaviors and associated factors among students living with parents in Jimma zone preparatory schools.
A cross sectional study designs both qualitative and quantitative approaches was conducted in 5 randomly selected preparatory schools. A total of 273 students were randomly selected. Multiple logistic regressions were performed to identify the independent predictor of risk sexual behavior.
One hundred fiten (42.1%) students had sexual risk bahivor. Thirty six (30.8%) student's reports they had two or more sexual partners in their lifetime. Out of 117 students, 13 (11.2%) students used condom always. One hundred one (37%) students were consumed alcohol. Higher likelihood of risky sexual behavior significantly associated with higher levels of alcohol consumption and low frequency of religious visit.
Alcohol consumption and religious visit were the major predictors of risky sexual behaviors. Therefore, Behavior change communication should consider family environment and other factors which predict risk sexual behaviors.
