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The active pharmaceutical ingredient can be administered by several different routes. Although the oral route (per os) has been one of the most convenient and widely accepted delivery system for most drugs, it has number of disadvantages like the very low pH of the stomach, the high enzymatic activity, and extensive first-pass metabolism. Difficult...

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... citromsav) csökkenthetik a szájüreg pH értékét. Ez akkor okoz problémát, ha a pH 5,5 alá csökken, mert ilyen körülmények között a fogzománcból ásványi anyagok oldódhatnak ki, ami a fogzománc gyengüléséhez és végül fogszuvasodáshoz vezethet [79]. ...
Article
During our work, we summarized the types of solid dosage forms which were in the focus of attention in the last years because of their innovative pharmaceutical technology solution and simple use. The biopharmaceutics of solid dosage forms for intraoral use and the advantages of the use of these dosages forms were presented in general. However, these dosage forms cannot always be prepared with conventional pharmaceutical processes, therefore the special pharmaceutical solutions which can be applied for their preparation were presented. In addition to testing the European Pharmacopoeia dosage forms, the special tests which can be applied for the characterization of innovative solid dosage forms were highlighted.
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Azole antifungals are a group of compounds that play essential rule in the treatment of surface and deep mycoses. They can be used externally to treat fungal infections of skin, mucous membranes and external genitalia but they are also suitable for oral treatment of systemic mycoses. Structurally they are classified into two groups: imidazoles and triazoles. Triazole antimycotics have wider spectrum of activity, favorable pharmacokinetics, they are of milder side effects and sofar less developed anti-fungal resistance. This paper provides an overview on the history, synthe- sis, physico-chemical properties, structure-activity relationships of azole antifungals but it also deals with their pharmacological properties and mechanism of action.