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Variation de l'abondance de : a) Raja undulata et b) Raja clavata entre i) 1995 et 2018 suivant les données CGFS et entre ii) 2003 et 2018 d'après les données ObsMer. Chaque variable de réponse est ajustée à partir d'un GAMM (General Additive Mixed Model). La courbe est en noir, et l'intervalle de confiance à 95% est en gris. Les tendances négatives significatives sont en mauve, les tendances positives significatives sont en vert. Les barres verticales indiquent le début du moratoire en 2009 et la mise en place d'un quota en 2015.

Variation de l'abondance de : a) Raja undulata et b) Raja clavata entre i) 1995 et 2018 suivant les données CGFS et entre ii) 2003 et 2018 d'après les données ObsMer. Chaque variable de réponse est ajustée à partir d'un GAMM (General Additive Mixed Model). La courbe est en noir, et l'intervalle de confiance à 95% est en gris. Les tendances négatives significatives sont en mauve, les tendances positives significatives sont en vert. Les barres verticales indiquent le début du moratoire en 2009 et la mise en place d'un quota en 2015.

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Technical Report
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L’objectif de ce travail et de la convention de recherche élaborée entre le Ministère de l’Énergie, de l’Environnement et de la Mer et le Muséum national d’Histoire naturelle est d’apporter des connaissances nouvelles sur la biologie et l’écologie de l’espèce Raja undulata. Les apports pourront servir de base à la gestion et à la conservation de ce...

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... augmentation significative de l'abondance des deux espèces a été observée pendante le moratoire ( Figure 1). Le modèle mixte généralisé, expliquant 20% de la variabilité, a montré que le premier facteur explicatif était la gestion de la pêche, suivi, de loin, par l'augmentation de la température de l'eau de mer (tableau 1 annexe 1). ...
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... independent Channel Ground Fish Survey (CGFS) data and French fisheries dependent observer (ObsMer) data were analysed from North-Eastern Atlantic waters (Fig. 1). CGFS surveys have been carried out annually within the Eastern English Channel (International Council for the Exploration of the Sea (ICES) division 7.d) between September and November since 1988 using a fixed sampling design. Only data from 1995 were used due to standardisation in the survey locations from this date. The sampling ...
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... and discard survival) from existing literature ( Frisk et al., 2001;Froese et al., 2019;Hordyk et al., 2019; and by comparison to stock records (ICES, 2018a & b). However, the precise parameter values are uncertain so we performed a sensitivity analysis, centred on the chosen parameter set, to assess the effect of variation in these parameters ( Fig. S1; Table 2 and ...
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... and discard survival were taken equal to 1 in an unfished scenario. In a fished scenario, fishing survival was fixed for all age-classes. However, it was observed that model predictions of population recovery after the ban did not match empirical data. Since the sensitivity analysis highlighted the importance of juvenile survival (age-1 to age-3) (Fig. S1), we introduced a survival rate for juveniles in the fished scenario. This represents the probability that a juvenile survived having been caught and discarded (juvenile discard survival (Table ...
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... the end of the ban predicted by the population dynamic model (Fig. 6), was not observed within the real data. The sensitivity analysis demonstrated that the recovery dynamics were highly sensitive to juvenile survival rates and fishing survival, and somewhat sensitive to fecundity, while being relatively insensitive to the other model parameters (Fig. S1). (1945 -2030 and 1995 ...
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... three species of skate were observed to have overlapping but differing distributions ( Fig. 1 -2). R. undulata had a coastal distribution, with a higher presence off the east of Brittany (ICES division 7.e, 43%; Fig. 2.a; Table 2). ...
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... extending down to ICES division 7.h, even with less trawls occurring in winter (Fig. 2.c). , trammel nets (GTR, ), otter beam trawls (OTB, ), otter twin trawls (OTT, +) and Danish seine nets (SDN, x). Black solid lines delineate ICES statistical divisions and their coded name. In general prediction errors associated with each habitat map (Fig. S1) were higher in areas where individuals were caught more frequently, suggesting higher probability of occurrence in these areas. Prediction errors were lower in areas where individuals were less frequently captured, indicating a good model certainty in the area that the species were modelled but ...
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... used (Fig. 4.c). Mature R. undulata presence was lower in winter (Fig 4.a), mature R. clavata presence was lower in spring ( Fig. 4.b) and mature R. montagui presence was lowest in summer (Fig. 4.c). When comparing the differing environmental variables between genders, only the depth season interaction differed between sex for the three species (Fig. S11). Fewer males than females were observed for R. clavata and R. montagui. Male R. clavata was not modelled in 8.a and 8.b, and male R. montagui was only modelled in ICES divisions 7.e, 7.g and 7.h, using otter beam, twin trawls, and trammel nets (Fig. 5). R. undulata females were observed further offshore in summer and autumn and ...
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... for R. clavata and R. montagui. Male R. clavata was not modelled in 8.a and 8.b, and male R. montagui was only modelled in ICES divisions 7.e, 7.g and 7.h, using otter beam, twin trawls, and trammel nets (Fig. 5). R. undulata females were observed further offshore in summer and autumn and slightly closer to the coast in winter than males ( Fig. 5.a; Fig. S11.a). R. clavata females were also observed in slightly higher presence further offshore in summer and autumn (supplementary information Fig. S11.b). R. montagui male presence was much lower in summer with highest males presence further offshore in spring ( Fig. 5.c; Fig. S11.c). ...
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... and 7.h, using otter beam, twin trawls, and trammel nets (Fig. 5). R. undulata females were observed further offshore in summer and autumn and slightly closer to the coast in winter than males ( Fig. 5.a; Fig. S11.a). R. clavata females were also observed in slightly higher presence further offshore in summer and autumn (supplementary information Fig. S11.b). R. montagui male presence was much lower in summer with highest males presence further offshore in spring ( Fig. 5.c; Fig. S11.c). ...
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... summer and autumn and slightly closer to the coast in winter than males ( Fig. 5.a; Fig. S11.a). R. clavata females were also observed in slightly higher presence further offshore in summer and autumn (supplementary information Fig. S11.b). R. montagui male presence was much lower in summer with highest males presence further offshore in spring ( Fig. 5.c; Fig. S11.c). ...
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... acclimatation thermique, les individus ont été relâchés à proximité directe de leur zone de capture, sur la zone de haute résolution ( Figure 10). Une donnée a été considérée comme aberrante si la vitesse de déplacement entre deux détections successives était supérieure à 10 fois la vitesse de fuite théorique de l'espèce, soit 10 m/s ( Figure 11). ...
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... acclimatation thermique, les individus ont été relâchés à proximité directe de leur zone de capture, sur la zone de haute résolution ( Figure 10). Une donnée a été considérée comme aberrante si la vitesse de déplacement entre deux détections successives était supérieure à 10 fois la vitesse de fuite théorique de l'espèce, soit 10 m/s ( Figure 11). Une donnée a aussi été considérée comme aberrante si cette détection impliquait le « saut » (c'est-à-dire un passage devant un hydrophone sans détection) de plus de 2 hydrophones ( Figure 12). ...
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... donnée a été considérée comme aberrante si la vitesse de déplacement entre deux détections successives était supérieure à 10 fois la vitesse de fuite théorique de l'espèce, soit 10 m/s ( Figure 11). Une donnée a aussi été considérée comme aberrante si cette détection impliquait le « saut » (c'est-à-dire un passage devant un hydrophone sans détection) de plus de 2 hydrophones ( Figure 12). ...
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... coordonnées de la station marine de Dinard, ainsi que la démarche à suivre en cas de Figure 13). Bien que les effectifs étaient faibles, il semble que ce déséquilibre était plus marqué lors de la première session de pêche qui a eu lieu en mai (12 femelles et 21 mâles, soit 63.6 % de mâles) que lors de la seconde session qui a eu lieu en juin (5 femelles et 7 mâles, soit 58.3 % de mâles). ...
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... que les effectifs étaient faibles, il semble que ce déséquilibre était plus marqué lors de la première session de pêche qui a eu lieu en mai (12 femelles et 21 mâles, soit 63.6 % de mâles) que lors de la seconde session qui a eu lieu en juin (5 femelles et 7 mâles, soit 58.3 % de mâles). -Un temps de résidence exclusivement estuarien, sans sortie observée, réalisé par 12 individus, comme par exemple l'individu présenté en Figure 15. ...
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... zone 2 (Pont St-Hubert), pourtant très en amont de la zone d'étude, a été fréquentée par la majorité des individus (30/40) (Tableau 2). Les analyses ont montré une forte variabilité individuelle dans les temps de résidence par zone ( Figure 17). ...
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... des capteurs provenant des cinq individus équipés avec des capteurs de salinité a montré une très grande majorité de détections situées dans des eaux de salinité supérieure à 34 PSU ( Figure 18). En supprimant toutes les observations correspondant à la gamme de salinité la plus importante (34 PSU et plus), il apparait que toutes les gammes de salinité ont été utilisées, même les gammes les plus pouvant être identifiés, 11 était en mode de turbinage directe (état 22 ; Figure 22), c'est-à-dire du bassin vers la Rance. ...
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... communauté parasitaire de M. asterias (Triakidae) se distingue particulièrement de celles des espèces de Rajiidae (Figure 1 Les communautés parasitaires des raies se ressemblent par plusieurs points communs (Figure 2) : i) la rareté des parasites branchiaux (une espèce de Myxosporé, un seul Monogène chez une seule raie, aucun Copépode), ii) la présence de 3 espèces généralistes de Nématodes Ascaridida (absentes chez M. asterias), iii) l'absence de Trématodes, iv) le fait que chaque espèce de raie joue le rôle d'hôte définitif pour une à quatre espèces de Cestodes à spécificité étroite, en moyenne 2.14 ± 1.12 (Tableau 3). ...

Citations

... | ICES SCIENTIFIC REPORTS 4:47 | ICES Undulate ray has been shown to usually perform movements within a small spatial range in the English Channel, and individuals residing in an estuary of the Norman-Breton Gulf in spring have been observed migrating out of it in the course of the summer (Trancart et al., 2020). Periodical seaward and coastward movements have been reported in other areas within the English Channel (Hook, 2019), similar to also observed in Galician waters (Leeb et al., 2021). ...
Technical Report
Full-text available
A Benchmark Workshop for selected elasmobranch stocks (WKELASMO) was convened to evaluate the appropriateness of data and methods to assess and provide short-term forecast of four stocks: Porbeagle in the Northeast Atlantic (por.27.nea), thornback ray in the Bay of Biscay (rjc.27.8), undulate ray in the Channel (rju.27.7de), and cuckoo ray in western waters (rjn.27.678abd). For porbeagle in the Northeast Atlantic, the workshop (and the reviewers from the stock identity working group (SIMWG)) considered that there is not enough evidence to split the stock despite genetic analysis and mark-recapture data indicating a possibility of two components. A SPiCT assessment using reported landings since 1926, three commercial indices and one reconstructed survey, was accepted and the forecast settings agreed, leading the stock into category 2. The stock is estimated to be harvested largely below FMSY (F/FMSY = 0.02), and the biomass, while increasing, remains below MSY-Btrigger (B/BMSY = 0.43). The 35th percentile of the catches at Ftarget is 324 tonnes. Members of WKELASMO from the International Commission for the Conservation of Atlantic Tunas (ICCAT) provided additional assessments using JABBA and SPicT, both using a Fox model. Results were very similar and gave the same perception as the final accepted SPiCT assessment. For thornback ray in the Bay of Biscay, a synthesis of work on stock boundaries within Subarea 8 was presented, indicating that this species in this area may be considered to comprise of two stocks: 8.abd and 8.c. The workshop (and the review from SIMWG) agreed to follow this conclusion. · Thornback ray in divisions 8.abd: a Bayesian state-space biomass production model including Close kin mark-recapture (CKMR) results was accepted as the basis of the assessment and forecast, leading the stock into category 2. The stock is estimated to be exploited close to FMSY, and Biomass close to BMSY. The forecast at FMSY provides catches (35th percentile) 34% lower than the previous advice. · Thornback ray in Division 8.c: sensitivity analyses using SPiCT do not allow to overcome the very high uncertainty around the F estimate. Therefore, the workshop recommends that this stock remains in category 3 with empirical methods to be used as the basis of the advice. For undulate ray in the English Channel, a SPiCT assessment using removals since 2005 and two survey indices (FR-CGFS, since 1990, and Q1SWECOS, since 2006) was accepted. The workshop also agreed on the settings for the short-term forecast, leading the stock into category 2. This stock, formerly considered depleted, is now estimated to be harvested well below FMSY with a biomass above BMSY. Given the change of perception of the state of the stock and the use of a forecast and reference points, the workshop considered that the large increase of the forecasted removals (3.6 times higher than the previous advice) is sensible. For cuckoo ray in the western waters, investigations on stock identity did not provide enough evidence to split the stock, which may be a metapopulation. A SPiCT assessment using a combined index of stock abundance (from six surveys) and the landings since 2005 was accepted. The workshop also agreed on the settings for the short-term forecast, leading the stock into category 2. The stock is estimated to be harvested below FMSY with a biomass above BMSY, which is considered to be the consequence of the cuckoo ray being a non-target species with a rather high intrinsic growth rate (r~0.5). The 35th percentile of the landings at FMSY is largely higher (~3 times) than the previous advice.