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a.LSVs of Au, Cu2O, ERGO, and Cu2O/ERGO electrodes in 10 mM H2O2/0.1 M PBS (pH: 7.4) b. Amperometric response of Cu2O/ERGO electrodes at −0.25 V c. Interference study of the Cu2O/ERGO electrode for H2O2 in the presence of interference reagents (glucose, AA, DA, and UA).
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In this study, we present a new approach to electrochemical growth of Cu2O/electrochemically reduced graphene oxide (Cu2O/ERGO) nanostructures that are based on simultaneous co‐reduction of both copper ions and graphene oxide from an aqueous suspension on gold electrode. The X‐ray diffraction (XRD) spectra of as‐prepared Cu2O/ERGO electrode showed...
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... The peak at ~286.0 eV for C1s could be attributed to single-bonded carbon-oxygen bond structures [51]. Oxygenated group peaks were known to be more intense in GO [52][53][54][55]. These results show that GO was transformed into rGO by electrochemical reduction, and the oxygen-containing groups of GO and the cerium salt were simultaneously deposited on the electrode to form CeO 2 . ...
The synthesis of cerium oxide-reduced graphene oxide (CeO2 rGO) and Cu nanoparticles decorated CeO2 rGO (Cu@CeO2 rGO) nanocomposites based on electrochemical deposition technique and their nitrite sensor application are presented as the first report. CeO2 rGO nanocomposites were prepared via a one-pot and one- step technique on the pencil graphite electrode (PGE) surface. To increase the activity toward nitrite, the CeO2 rGO surface was also decorated with metallic Cu nanoparticles using electrochemical deposition. Raman spectroscopy, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), X-ray diffraction spectroscopy (XRD), and energy dispersive spectroscopy (EDS) techniques were used for structural characterization. Morphological analysis was performed using the SEM technique. The electrocatalytic properties of fabricated electrodes for nitrite detection were investigated by cyclic voltammetry (CV), amperometry, and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS). The detection limit, the sensitivity, and the linear range of nitrite on the Cu@CeO2 rGO electrode were determined as 10.1 nM, 1963.2 μA μM cm2, and 10–2000 μM, respectively. Moreover, the Cu@CeO2 rGO electrode exhibited high selectivity toward nitrite in the presence of interfering species. The results in the salami sample showed that the Cu@CeO2 rGO electrode could also be used successfully in food analysis.
... In nanocomposite structures, the presence of rGO surface is a candidate to solve the problem of aggregation of nanoparticles during production, since it is a successful support material for the dispersion of nanoparticles [29]. Previously, the rGO surface has been decorated with many metal nanoparticles (Pd [30], Ni [31], Cu [32], etc.), metal oxides (ZnO [33], TiO 2 [23], PbO [34], CuO [35], Cu 2 O [36], SnO [37], etc.), and conductive polymers (poly(3,4-ethylene dioxythiophene) [38], polyaniline [39], polypyrrole [40], etc.). rGO was used as a support material for the dispersion and stabilization of the nanoparticle type. ...
There is an increasing demand for developing more sensitive sensors for determining nitrite, which has potential use in wastewater, food preservatives, and corrosion inhibitors. Here, we designed a CuBi2O4/rGO nanocomposite via simultaneous electrochemical deposition of GO and CuBi2O4. Then, the nanocomposite surface was electrochemically functionalized with Ag nanoparticles. Analytical and morphological characterizations showed that nanocomposites were synthesized with high purity and crystallinity. Finally, the electrocatalytic activity of the prepared Ag@CuBi2O4/rGO electrode was investigated as an electrochemical sensor application in nitrite detection. Ag@CuBi2O4/rGO had a higher faradaic current than CuBi2O4/rGO and PGE. The modified electrode exhibited high selectivity with low nitrite oxidation potential (+ 0.8 V) and detection limit (0.18 µM). The detection limit for nitrite is lower than that of most reported materials.
... The C1s XPS spectrum of GO contains four main peak regions: i-C--C (284.4 eV), ii-C -C (285.5 eV), iii-C -O (286.7 eV), and iv-C--O (288.4 eV). In the C1s XPS spectrum of rGO formed by electrochemical reduction, the peak intensities of functional groups can be reduced (epoxy, carbonyl, and carboxy in the 286-290 eV region) and are expected to decrease [46][47][48][49]. When the C1s spectra for the CCO-ERGO composite were examined (Fig. 4d), a spectrum similar to the spectrum of classical rGO-based composites was obtained. ...
... G is a promising nanomaterial for the formation of nanocomposites with metal oxide due to its economy, ease of functionality with other molecules, and easy synthesis approaches [19][20][21][22][23][24][25][26][27]. For the synthesis of G, the reduction of graphene oxide (GO) using various techniques such as chemical, electrochemical, hydrothermal, or photochemical is often used [28,29]. ...
In this study, the preparation of tin(II) oxide/reduced graphene oxide (SnO/rGO) hybrid electrodes was simultaneously performed by a one-pot electrodeposition process for the first time by using a single cell. The morphological and structural characterizations of SnO/rGO were performed by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), energy-dispersive X-ray spectrometry (EDS), X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), and X-ray diffraction (XRD). Additionally, the electrocatalytic activities of the electrode materials for the determination of DA were tested by the linear sweep voltammetry technique. Furthermore, the amperometric sensing of DA was carried out with a detection limit of 0.32 µM. The results suggest that our fabricated biosensor exhibited an ultrahigh sensitivity, low detection limit, and excellent selectivity.
... [4][5][6][7] Various membranes, polymers and nanocomposites, that exhibit large electroactive surface areas and high electrocatalytic activities, can serve as sensitive recognition units in non-enzymatic glucose sensors. 8,9 Carbon nanomaterials with structural uniformity, such as reduced graphene oxide, noble metal (Au, Ag, Pt, Pd, etc) carbon nanocomposite, [10][11][12][13] transition metal oxides (Cu 2 O, NiO, SiO 2 , etc.) [14][15][16][17][18][19] or conducting polymers (polyaniline, polyacrylamide, etc) have been the widely studied towards electrochemical sensing. [20][21][22] As a new carbon allotrope, graphdiyne (GDY) has recently emerged, 23 and its oxide (GDYO) as potential applications in the realm of fundamental electrochemistry, electrocatalysis and electroanalysis have a promising future. ...
Graphdiyne is a new carbon nanomaterial after graphene. It has excellent electrical properties and can be chemically modified. Here, a graphdiyne oxide-polyurethane nanocomposite (GDYO-PU) was synthesized by chemical coupling and characterized with Fourier transform infrared (FT-IR) spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction (XRD), X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), high-resolution transmission electron microscopy (HRTEM) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). A GDYO-PU modified glassy carbon electrode (GCE) was applied as a non-enzymatic glucose electrode. The electrochemical property of the GDYO-PU electrode was investigated by cyclic voltammetry (CV), differential pulse voltammetry (DPV) and amperometry in the presence of [Fe(CN)6]3−/4− in 0.1 M NaOH alkaline solution and at the bias potential of 0.2 V. Fast electro-deposition was observed for the electrochemical deposition of Fe(CN)6 3−/4− on the GDYO-PU electrode surface. Under the optimized conditions, the calibration curve of the nano electrode is linear over the concentration range of 0.2 to 6.4 μM, with high sensitivity of 377 μAmM⁻¹cm⁻² as well as a low detection limit (LOD) of 0.1 μM (S/N = 3). The GDYO-PU nanocomposite based non-enzyme glucose electrode is therefore promising for analysis of tiny volume of biological samples, which meets the requirement of minimal invasive measurement in clinic and family care.
This paper exhibits a thorough review of use of electrochemical sensors for the detection of H2O2. It helps to understand the contribution of some of major types of electrochemical sensors that are used for detection of H2O2. Hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) is extremely valuable in biological systems due to its practical applications. The development of effective electrochemical H2O2 sensors is of special interest to researchers. It's a basic chemical that serves a critical role in a number of industries. The purpose of this review is to define the importance of detecting hydrogen peroxide, as well as some of its various uses in various fields. As a result, the goal of this review is to shed light on many aspects of hydrogen peroxide detection using electrochemical sensors. From an analytical chemistry standpoint, electrochemical sensors have a lot of appeal. Conductometric, potentiometric, and amperometric electrochemical techniques are employed for H2O2 detection. How to detect H2O2 using a variety of electrical and chemical methods is discussed in this review.
Two new silver(I) complexes, formulated as [Ag 2 (L ¹ ) 2 ](picrate) 2 ( 1 ), {[Ag 2 (L ² ) 2 (terephthalate)](C 2 H 5 OH) 3 (H 2 O)} n ( 2 ) (L ¹ = 1,3‐bis(2‐benzimidazyl)benzene, L ² = 1,3‐bis(1‐methylbenzimidazol‐2‐yl)‐2‐thiapropane), were synthesized and characterized by X‐ray crystallography, elemental analysis, infrared, and UV–Vis spectroscopy. The crystal analysis results showed that the complexes exhibited different structures: binuclear for 1 and one‐dimensional polymeric for 2 . Their Ag(I) centers displayed different coordination geometric structures: two‐coordinated linear in 1 , whereas four‐coordinated distorted tetrahedron in 2 . The electrochemical sensing performance of Ag(I) complexes modified carbon paste electrode (CPE‐1 and CPE‐2) toward hydrogen peroxide (H 2 O 2 ) was evaluated by chronoamperometry in 0.2 M phosphate buffer saline (pH = 6) at −0.2 V. The CPE‐1 was found to have a wide linear response from 1.0 × 10 ⁻⁵ to 4.0 × 10 ⁻³ M, lower detection limit of 1.73 μM, excellent anti‐interference ability, and stability. The CPE‐2 does not have recognition properties for H 2 O 2 , which may be due to the large steric hindrance around Ag(I) centers that is not easy to combine with H 2 O 2 to form a catalytic transition state. The above studies proved that Ag(I) complexes can be used as effective components of electrode materials for the electrochemical recognition of H 2 O 2 .
Electrochemically reduced graphene oxide/zinc oxide (ERGO/ZnO) nanocomposite was simultaneously co-electrodeposited based on a one-step electrodeposition approach at room temperature on an indium tin oxide (ITO) electrode from an aqueous solution without using specific reducing agents. The electrochemical fabricated ITO-ERGO/ZnO electrode was characterized using field emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM), X-ray diffraction spectroscopy (XRD), X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), Raman spectroscopy, and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) techniques. The biosensor properties of the ITO-ERGO/ZnO electrodes were investigated in terms of their response toward uric acid (UA) sensing via enzyme-free amperometry. The linear current response for UA on the ITO-ERGO/ZnO electrode in the concentration range of
with a sensitivity of
cm
−2
mM
−1
was obtained. The main advantage of the ITO-ERGO/ZnO electrode was a relatively low detection limit for estimating UA, high selectivity, good repeatability, and long-term stability. In addition, the fabrication procedure of the designed biosensor was straightforward, practicable, and inexpensive.