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-a-d. Siphoneugena kuhlmannii -a, i. flower; b, g. inflorescence; c-d. cross section of the ovary showing the locules; h. floral bud; j. floriferous branch. e-f. Siphoneugena kiaerskoviana -leaf: adaxial and abaxial face, respectively. (a-d. Uhlmann 382; e-f. Barros 1094; g-j. Souza 262).
Source publication
We present a taxonomic study of genera Myrciaria (5 spp.), Neomitranthes (5 spp.) and Siphoneugena (4 spp.) for the flora of the state of Rio de Janeiro. The specialized literature and collections of the main herbariums of the state were consulted, including on-line scanned images and nomenclatural types, and field expeditions were carried out for...
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Citations
... Myrciaria caerulescens is morphologically similar to M. guaquiea, especially due to the strikingly similar aspect of the herbarium specimens, with leaf blades strongly revolute and sometimes rolling in at the margin. Indeed, most specimens of M. caerulescens have been misidentified as M. guaquiea at least since 2004, with some of them being treated as M. guaquiea in regional floristic surveys (see Stadnik et al. 2018;Caldas et al. 2020;Santos et al. 2021). The morphological distinction between these species can be found in the diagnosis. ...
Background:
The Myrtaceae family represents one of the most diverse groups in South America. Yet, there are few studies on their reproductive characteristics. Among the species with limited information on their reproductive behavior are Myrceugenia euosma (O. Berg) D. Legrand and Siphoneugena reitzii D. Legrand.
Questions:
What are the floral attractions and resources of M. euosma and S. reitzii for pollinators? Who are the pollinators of these species? What is the predominant reproductive system in both species?
Studied species:
M. euosma and S. reitzii, two sympatric Myrtaceae from southern Brazil.
Study site and dates:
Urubici, Painel, and Rio Rufino, Santa Catarina state, southern Brazil. November 2021 - February 2022.
Methods:
Information was obtained on morphological aspects, anthesis time, stigmatic viability, floral resources, structures attractive to visitors, olfactory testing, observation and identification of floral visitors, and reproductive system testing.
Results:
The flowers of M. euosma opens between 11 am and 17 pm (- 20 pm), with full opening occurring mostly at night; S. reitzii flowers open between 4 a.m. and 6 a.m., with a highest peak by 8 a.m. Flowers of both species have receptive stigmas until senescence. Pollen is the primary floral reward and the scent coming from the anthers combined with the floral display attract native bees and Apis mellifera, legitimate pollinators of both species. The lack of fruit development in the self-pollination tests support cross reproduction in both taxa.
Conclusions:
Both species exhibit traits consistent with melittophily syndrome and potential self-incompatibility. These results are essential for conservation efforts.
Myrciaria floribunda is a species native to the restinga areas of the Atlantic Forest that presents great phenotypic variation in fruits, great socioeconomic importance in regions of natural occurrence and high productive potential. The characterization of heterogeneous populations is crucial for plant selection and breeding programs, since it allows the distinction of superior individuals. The aim of this study was to characterize the reproductive structure of M. floribunda accessions, and to observe the influence of climate and environment on its reproductive process, through floral biology, floral morphoanatomy and reproductive phenology. Apis mellifera and Trigona spinipes are the main floral visitors of cambuí. Stigma receptivity lasts up to 5 hours after flower opening and pollen viability was above 90%. Regarding the flower structure, the female sexual organ is monocarpic, the ovary is efferent, bilocular, with two ovules per locule, the inflorescence is fascicle-like and consists of small white flowers, actinomorph symmetry, heteroclamid and monoclines. Plants bloomed irregularly throughout the year, concentrating flowering in two periods of the year with the greatest peaks in March and August, while the greatest fruiting peaks were observed in April and September.
Resumo. O estudo teve por objetivo, realizar uma revisão sistemática para as três espécies de Myrciaria, M. glazioviana, M. strigipes e M. trunciflora, quanto a sistemática, reprodução, fitoquímica e farmacologia. A metodología consistiu em uma pesquisa bibliográfico de âmbito qualitativo descritivo em várias bases de dados, utilizando descritores em Português, Inglês e Espanhol sobre a sistemática vegetal, reprodução, fitoquímica e farmacologia. Foram observados um número superior de estudos para à espécie Myrciaria glazioviana, seguida de Myrciaria trunciflora e em menor quantitativo para Myrciaria strigipes que carece de dados tanto sobre a reprodução da espécie, quanto das inúmeras atividades biológicas conhecidas. Quanto a reprodução, fitoquímica e possíveis atividades biológicas, essas três espécies ainda são pouco estudadas. Com esse estudo de revisão sistemático, trará aos pesquisadores embasamento teórico revisível, para nortear visando um número maior de pesquisas voltadas para o desenvolvimento farmacológico, agrícola, alimentício e de biotecnologia, visto que, as espécies em estudo, apresentam alto potencial científicos. Palavras-chaves: Gênero Myrciaria, Família Myrtaceae, Sistemática Vegetal, Fitoterapia, Antocianinas. Abstract. The study aimed to carry out a systematic review for the three species of Myrciaria, M. glazioviana, M. strigipes and M. trunciflora, regarding systematics, reproduction, phytochemistry and pharmacology. The methodology consisted of a bibliographic search of a qualitative and descriptive scope in several databases, using descriptors in Portuguese, English and Spanish on plant systematics, reproduction, phytochemistry and pharmacology. A greater number of studies were observed for the species Myrciaria glazioviana, followed by Myrciaria trunciflora and in a smaller quantity for Myrciaria strigipes, which lacks data on both the reproduction of the species and the countless known biological activities. Regarding reproduction, phytochemistry and possible biological activities, these three species are still poorly studied. With this systematic review study, it will provide researchers with a revisable theoretical basis to guide the search for a greater number of research aimed at pharmacological, agricultural, food and biotechnology development, since the species under study have high scientific potential.
O estudo teve por objetivo, realizar uma revisão sistemática para as três espécies de Myrciaria, M. glazioviana, M. strigipes e M. trunciflora, quanto a sistemática, reprodução, fitoquímica e farmacologia. A metodología consistiu em uma pesquisa bibliográfico de âmbito qualitativo descritivo em várias bases de dados, utilizando descritores em Português, Inglês e Espanhol sobre a sistemática vegetal, reprodução, fitoquímica e farmacologia. Foram observados um número superior de estudos para à espécie Myrciaria glazioviana, seguida de Myrciaria trunciflora e em menor quantitativo para Myrciaria strigipes que carece de dados tanto sobre a reprodução da espécie, quanto das inúmeras atividades biológicas conhecidas. Quanto a reprodução, fitoquímica e possíveis atividades biológicas, essas três espécies ainda são pouco estudadas. Com esse estudo de revisão sistemático, trará aos pesquisadores embasamento teórico revisível, para nortear visando um número maior de pesquisas voltadas para o desenvolvimento farmacológico, agrícola, alimentício e de biotecnologia, visto que, as espécies em estudo, apresentam alto potencial científicos.
