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(a) MPTCP throughput vs. number of subflows per pair of IP addresses in DH-Jellyfish; and (b) MPTCPaware vs. random-based approach in DH-Jellyfish and Jellyfish.
Source publication
Recently, Multipath TCP (MPTCP) has been proposed as an alternative transport
approach for datacenter networks. MPTCP provides the ability to split a flow
into multiple paths thus providing better performance and resilience to
failures. Usually, MPTCP is combined with flow-based Equal-Cost Multi-Path
Routing (ECMP), which uses random hashing to spl...
Contexts in source publication
Context 1
... is, each connection uses 4 pairs of source-destination IP addresses. Figure 4(a) shows the distribution of the MPTCP through- put with 1, 2, 3 and 4 subflows per pair of IP addresses. The results correspond to the MPTCP-aware approach, which uses 8-edge-disjoint paths between source-destination IP addresses. ...
Context 2
... observe no additional gains by further increasing the number of subflows. Figure 4(b) juxtaposes the performance of the MPTCP- aware and random-based approaches in DH-Jellyfish and Jellyfish. The y-axis in the plot is the throughput of each MPTCP connection normalized by the capacity of a single interface, which is the optimal throughput in Jellyfish. ...
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Smart devices equipped with multiple network interfaces are becoming commonplace. Nevertheless, even though multiple interfaces can be used to connect to the Internet, their capabilities have not been fully utilized yet because the default TCP/IP stack supports only a single interface for communication. This situation is now changing due to the eme...
Citations
... The availability of SDN allows the routing algorithm to gain the intelligence required to distinguish between different MPTCP sub-flows and thus avoid routing them over the same path. Zannettou et al. [25] does just this by exploiting SDN to route MPTCP sub-flows over different paths. However, previous to the work done by Zannettou et al. in [25], the Linux kernel implementation of MPTCP is only able to create one sub-flow for a pair of Internet Protocol (IP) addresses. ...
... Zannettou et al. [25] does just this by exploiting SDN to route MPTCP sub-flows over different paths. However, previous to the work done by Zannettou et al. in [25], the Linux kernel implementation of MPTCP is only able to create one sub-flow for a pair of Internet Protocol (IP) addresses. This limitation has been addressed and fixed by Zannettou et al. [25] and added to version 0.9 of the Linux kernel MPTCP implementation. ...
... However, previous to the work done by Zannettou et al. in [25], the Linux kernel implementation of MPTCP is only able to create one sub-flow for a pair of Internet Protocol (IP) addresses. This limitation has been addressed and fixed by Zannettou et al. [25] and added to version 0.9 of the Linux kernel MPTCP implementation. This change allows MPTCP to open more than one sub-flow for a pair of IP addresses. ...
The continued increase in Internet traffic requires that routing algorithms make the best use of all available network resources. Most of the current deployed networks are not doing so due to their use of single path routing algorithms. In this work we propose the use of a multipath capable routing algorithm using Evolutionary Algorithms (EAs) that take into account all the traffic going over the network and the link capacities by leveraging the information available at the Software Defined Network (SDN) controller. The designed routing algorithm uses Per-Packet multipath routing to make the best use of the network's resources. Per-Packet multipath is known to have adverse affects when used with TCP, so we propose modifications to the Multipath TCP (MPTCP) protocol to overcome this. Network simulations are performed on a real world network model with 41 nodes and 60 bidirectional links. Results for the EA routing solution with the modified MPTCP protocol show a 29% increase in the total network Goodput, and a more than 50% average reduction in a flow's end-to-end delay, when compared to OSPF and standard TCP under the same network topology and flow request conditions.
... In [34], path diversity in data centers using MPTCP-aware SDN is explored. The SDN controller uses packet inspection to provide deterministic subflow assignments to paths, which provides a new routing mechanism for MPTCP subflows. ...
... Many efforts have been made in the field of SDN-based MPTCP for different network scenarios, especially datacenter network [20]- [23]. In [20], packet inspection is used to provide deterministic subflow assignment to paths and an alternative routing mechanism is facilitated for MPTCP subflows. ...
... Many efforts have been made in the field of SDN-based MPTCP for different network scenarios, especially datacenter network [20]- [23]. In [20], packet inspection is used to provide deterministic subflow assignment to paths and an alternative routing mechanism is facilitated for MPTCP subflows. In [21], the controller decides the number of subflows for each MPTCP session in responding to the current traffic condition. ...
It is still a challenging task to provide satisfactory quality of experience (QoE) to users by traditional routing mechanism in current public Internet for real-time multimedia services with high bandwidth and strict end-to-end latency constraint. Multipath transmission is a promising way to improve the performance of data delivery, due to its advantage in bandwidth aggregation capacity over multiple paths to speed up high volume transfers between endpoints. However, existing multipath transmission has many disadvantages such as the requirements for end-host support (i.e. the necessary multi-homed network setting, and operating system or upper applications updates of user devices), and blindingly pursuing maximum of transmission throughput. Path allocation and end-to-end transmission control are two important factors affecting the quality of multipath transmission. As an emerging network architecture, software-defined networking (SDN) is flexible, manageable, and responsive to rapid changes in traffic requirements. In this paper, we propose a multipath transport scheme based on SDN with segment routing (SR) which can meet the bandwidth and low end-to-end transmission latency requirements of real-time interactive multimedia services. The centralized SDN controller is extended to allocate multiple disjoint paths meeting bandwidth requirement meanwhile balancing the network load. The proprietary multipath media server (MMS) dynamically controls the assignment between subflows and routing paths to reduce the end-to-end transmission latency and thus improve QoE of end-users. To show the feasibility of our approach, we construct an SDN platform using Mininet. Simulation results show that our approach performs better compared to the conventional approaches in terms of traffic balancing and end-to-end transmission delay.
... In [8], authors outline a strategy for responsive usage of MPTCP in SDN based datacenters. The advantages of assigning different paths for each MPTCP subflows by using SDN technology are presented in [20] and [21]. In [20], the authors shows the performance of MPTCP with SDN based WAN. ...
... Path selection algorithm for subflows or service guaranteed approaches are not discussed in [20]. Different paths are selected according to k-shortest path and k-edgedisjoint path algorithms in [21]. These path selection algorithms are not preferable for bandwidth sensitive applications since bandwidth is not considered in path selection. ...
To cope up with increasing video traffic demands over the Internet, Dynamic Adaptive streaming over HTTP (DASH) is gradually being adopted. It provides a convenient approach to stream multimedia in an adaptive and dynamic way to heterogeneous end devices. But it has its disadvantages which include storage of multimedia content, congestion in the delivery network or access link due to sudden increase in the requests, end-to-end delay, inefficient network bandwidth utilization etc. These unfavorable circumstances limit the number of user requests and efficient utilization of network bandwidth. Therefore, in this paper we propose Dynamic Multi Path Finder (DMPF) algorithm. DMPF uses multi-path TCP (MPTCP) to transmit different Scalable Video Coding (SVC) layers, over Moving Picture Experts Group (MPEG) DASH standard in software defined network (SDN).
DMPF accommodates maximum multimedia requests by DASH Clients while utilizing the network bandwidth efficiently by dynamically adapting to the varying connection characteristics. In order to test the efficiency of the DMPF, we compare its performance with Baseline Algorithm. We describe our implementation on a real network topology and show that in a simulated environment our proposed algorithm outperforms the Baseline Algorithm in accommodating requests while utilizing the network bandwidth efficiently.
... Several schemes [8][9][10][11][12][13] have been proposed to combine MPTCP and SDN to solve the shared bottleneck problem and achieve effective subflow route selection, but their performance is still far from optimal. The main problems are as following: ...
... In [8] and [9], SDN is used to allocate disjoint paths to different subflows. [10] allocate shortest paths, k shortest paths, k edge disjoint paths to MPTCP subflows under hop limits. For these works, although several subflows can be established for the same flow, the number of subflows cannot be dynamically adjusted after establishment. ...
... We analyze two of the common subflow route selection schemes here and show that existing schemes still have much improvement space. The two selected schemes are: disjoint route (mptcpdisjoint) [8] and k shortest paths (mptcp-sp) [10]. These two schemes select the subflow route based on network topology without considering the network load. ...
Satellite networks are multilayered and the number of satellites in a single constellation is also increasing. These characteristics make satellite network more suitable for multipath transmission like MPTCP (Multipath TCP). With the use of MPTCP, the bandwidth of different satellite channels can be aggregated, and the mobility performance of users can be improved. Furthermore, SDN is introduced to MPTCP to solve the shared bottleneck problem. However, the performance of existing scheme is still far from optimal. The main problems include: 1. Static number setting of MPTCP subflows on a per host basis; 2. Unaware of the traffic load during the subflow route selection. The shared bottleneck problem is more serious in the satellite network with lattice-like topology. To solve the above problems, we propose scMPTCP (sdn cooperated MPTCP) architecture and its related algorithms. We extend TCP options to piggyback the relevant control information to flexibly support the communication between the subflows of transport layer and SDN controller. Then we propose load and shared bottleneck aware subflow route selection algorithm and adjust algorithm. These two algorithms select routes for new subflows based on the available bandwidth of each route and avoid the bottleneck of other subflows, and also can adapt to the changes of network load. We implement scMPTCP and its algorithms. The evaluation results show that compared with searching over the non-overlapping paths or shortest paths schemes, our scheme can achieve much higher total system throughput. Moreover, by adjusting the subflows which share bottlenecks, the total aggregated throughput of that connection is also improved greatly.
... The authors of[7]explored an MPTCP-aware SDN controller that facilitates an alternative routing mechanism for the MPTCP sub-flows. The controller uses packet inspection to provide deterministic sub-flow assignment to paths. ...
The spatial network has numerous nodes and complex links, which makes it more suitable for the Multipath Transmission Control Protocol (MPTCP). As an extension of the traditional TCP protocol, this protocol can aggregate the bandwidth of multiple paths to improve transmission performance. However, the traditional network architecture has limited support for MPTCP, making it impossible to select a good transmission path for the subflow according to the current global network status, so it is easy to cause subflow collision. By separating the control plane and data plane, the Software Defined Network (SDN) architecture can obtain the global network status and better manage the network. The introduction of SDN can solve the problem that traditional networks cannot optimize subflow transmission based on the global network status. However, the existing SDN-based solutions mainly optimize the terrestrial network and take the available bandwidth of the network as the key reference factor, which is not suitable for the network environment with a large scale of time and space such as the spatial network. Besides, due to the high-speed movement of satellite nodes, frequent link switching will cause the selected path to fail and affect the subflow transmission on the path. For this reason, a dynamic subflow allocation strategy for multi-path transmission in SDN-based spatial networks is proposed in this paper, which uses the SDN controller to monitor and analyze the network status, and selects multiple optimal and disjoint transmission paths for the subflow based on the delay and bandwidth of the path to improve the link utilization and load balancing. Then, the strategy uses the predictable characteristics of the spatial network topology to predict the link to be disconnected, reselects the optimal path for the subflow, and solves the problem that the subflow cannot be continuously transmitted due to link switching. The experimental results show that the strategy in this paper is more suitable for the spatial network, because the selected path has lower delay and higher bandwidth. It solves the collision problem of subflows, and makes the subflow transmission have better stability in the highly dynamic spatial network.
Data Transmission is a primary mechanism that can affect the performance of distributed storage systems. The traditional single-path transmission protocols are not efficient to serve several requirements of big data applications. In this paper, we propose an SDN-coordinated steering framework for multipath big data transfer applications. Multipath TCP protocol (MPTCP) coupled with SDN are mainly used for big data transfer in our framework. This framework is useful and cost-effective for OpenFlow networks and overlay networks. To provide a practical multipath transmission scheme for big data transfer applications using MPTCP, we propose a novel OpenFlow-Stats routing algorithm. In our algorithm, a new topology-pruning technique is applied, and the transmission paths are selected based on switch-port statistics. Our proposed framework is implemented and evaluated using the Mininet emulator and ONOS controller. The results show that our routing scheme can reduce the completion time of big data transfer up to 90% compared with the traditional routing with disjoint paths and up to 35% compared with the previous work. Moreover, our proposed routing is more scalable than other previous works in that it can provide lower complexity and system overhead. The results show that our routing scheme produces 57% less overhead compared with the previous work.
A consistent increase in internet streaming via extensive surfing, online gaming and audiovisual streaming has posed many challenges in maintaining the quality of service for the communication industry. To cater the issues of Next Generation Mobile Networks previously, we proposed a Smart MPTCP (S-MPTCP) path controller that handles the MPTCP sub-flows while having various network communication interfaces. The proposed scheme controls the MPTCP sub-flows utilizing the information exchanged at the start of establishing a connection to appropriately map the client with a suitable network server interface. Here, we extended our previous work by analyzing it in 5G networks and over video traffic. To determine its efficacy, the proposed scheme was simulated at Samsung Electronics, Head Quarters and validated through live air experiments using Samsung Galaxy S21 and Galaxy Note 20 devices with leading Korean Telecom operators (KT and SKT) connection. Our simulation outcomes and live air experiments have proved that the proposed scheme can efficiently control the MPTCP sub-flows with enhanced throughput and nominal connection overhead. The previously proposed S-MPTCP was tested on Samsung Galaxy S8 and Galaxy Note 8. We have re-tested the LTE network case on latest Samsung devices i.e. Samsung Galaxy S21 and Galaxy Note 20. In the case of LTE network, the battery power gain improved by 13% and approximately 50% of mobile data saved compared to the existing conventional MPTCP approach. The gains observed using new devices are same as in old devices. We have taken a step further to test our solution in 5G NR conditions. In the case of 5G NR for good WiFi, the average utilization of 5G Data with S-MPTCP is 27%, whereas it is 53% without S-MPTCP.
