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This article presents the first results obtained from the use of high-resolution images from the SAR-X sensor of the PAZ satellite platform. These are in result of the application of various radar image-treatment techniques, with which we wanted to carry out a non-invasive exploration of areas of the archaeological site of Clunia (Burgos, Spain). T...
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Context 1
... the highest resolution RGB images (Figure 5a), no significant changes are appreciated except for a dark area located NE of the forum plaza, a short distance from the line of the forum portico. It is difficult to see a line with a NE-SW direction, and a transversal with a NW-SE direction. ...
Context 2
... is difficult to see a line with a NE-SW direction, and a transversal with a NW-SE direction. On the other hand, is the contrast with the image of the 1956 flight (Figure 5b), in which the separation limits of properties with the NE-SW direction, and the delimiting wall of the hermitage with the NW-SE direction can be seen first. In this case, a first reasoning may suggest that the traces seen in the first image are actually remnants of the parcel separation. ...
Citations
... It is based on the TerraSAR-X/TanDEM-X platform and has identical specifications which aim to create a constellation for short-term image revisit. Its potential for surface displacement (Abdikan et al., 2020, Chang andStein, 2021), archaeological analysis (Fiz et al., 2021), and combination of bistatic and repeat-pass analysis (Sica et al., 2021) were tested. However, the studies using PAZ data are still very limited in the literature. ...
This paper, presents the initial results of digital elevation model (DEM) extraction from PAZ Synthetic Aperture Radar (SAR) satellite images using repeat-pass interferometric analysis. We used a multi-temporal high-resolution strip-map mode X-band satellite image that has a single polarization. Five main classes, i.e., volcanic structures, agriculture, settlement, sand dune and plain bareland are considered depending on the structure of the region. Within the category, the coherence value and DEM value are evaluated. In the accuracy assessment analysis, a reference map produced from aerial photogrammetry is used. Additionally, global DEM TanDEM-X data is also tested in the study region. In the analysis, quality metrics, mean error (ME), root means square error (RMSE), standard deviation (STD), and the normalized median absolute deviation (NMAD) are used. The results showed that as the temporal baseline increases the coherence values and the quality of the DEM product decrease. The RMSE values range between 2.36 m to 7.09 m in different classes. The TanDEM-X data provided high accuracies over each class range from 0.88 m to 2.40 m. Since the study area is vulnerable to sinkhole formation, sinkhole-like signals were also observed in the interferograms obtained from different and sequential pairs. The high-resolution repeat-pass PAZ data pointed out its potential for interferometric products generation.
... Among the indices that we used the most are the NDVI (NIR and R), ENDVI (NIR, G, and B) and ARVI (NIR, R, B). Through the combination of the NIR, R, G, and B bands, finally, a principal component analysis (PCA) was applied, especially due to the good results obtained by our team in the Egyptian oxyrhynchite landscape with WorldView 2 satellite images [11] and in the same Clunia project with SPOT and TripleSat multispectral images [12,13]. ...
... The program, developed by the research group of the Slovenian Academy of Sciences and Arts [16], has been used with great success in studies by Massini et al. [17] to locate the structures of a medieval fortification in Basilicata (Italy); Garcia Sanchez [18] in the detection of Samniticus forts in Civitella (Longano, Italy), and Roman et al. [19] in the record of archaeological traces of the Roman limes in Dacia at Porolissum. Our team has previously worked with this program, mainly based on LiDAR data provided by the IGN, applying it above all to the Clunia deposit [12,13]. ...
The use of unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs, also known as drones or RPA) in archaeology has expanded significantly over the last twenty years. Improvements in terms of the reliability, size, and manageability of these aircraft have been largely complemented by the high resolution and spectral bands provided by the sensors of the different cameras that can be incorporated into their structure. If we add to this the functionalities and improvements that photogrammetry programs have been experiencing in recent years, we can conclude that there has been a qualitative leap in the possibilities, not only of geometric documentation and in the presentation of the archaeological data, but in the incorporation of non-intrusive high-resolution analytics. The work that we present here gives a sample of the possibilities of both geometric documentation, creation of 3D models, their subsequent printing with different materials, and techniques to finally show a series of analytics from images with NGB (Nir + Green + Blue), Red Edge, and Thermographic cameras applied to various archaeological sites in which our team has been working since 2013, such as Clunia (Peñalba de Castro, Burgos), Puig Rom (Roses), Vilanera (L’Escala, Girona), and Cosa (Ansedonia, Italy). All of them correspond to different chronological periods as well as to varied geographical and morphological environments, which will lead us to propose the search for adequate solutions for each of the environments. In the discussions, we will propose the lines of research to be followed in a project of these characteristics, as well as some results that can already be viewed
... En algunos casos también se han desarrollado originales usos de las coberturas fotográficas satelitales recientes. Clunia (Coruña del Conde-Peñalba de Castro, Burgos) (FIZ et al., 2021), capital del conventus Cluniensis al que pertenecería jurídicamente la antigua Segisamo, es buen ejemplo de ello. ...
En el marco del proyecto que analiza los paisajes arqueológicos en la transición entre la Edad del Hierro y época romana en la comarca del Odra-Pisuerga hemos prestado especial atención al estudio de la antigua ciudad romana de Segisamo (Sasamón). Desde 2019, a partir de una primera cobertura aérea, hemos sido capaces de reconocer en el sector noroeste de la ciudad la presencia de estructuras arqueológicas que han sido objeto de sucesivas prospecciones aéreas usando UAVs (RGB y NIR) y geofísicas. Esta aproximación no destructiva ha permitido recuperar un sector desconocido de la ciudad romana de Segisamo y plantear nuevas hipótesis acerca de los límites de la ciudad.
