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(a) 2005 Google Image near Guangua Stream; (b) 2018 Google Image near Guangua Stream; (c) Google Section Image; (d) PLU
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Urban flooding is growing as a serious development challenge for cities. Urbanization demands the conversion of pervious land to impervious land by pushing the transformation of water bodies, flood plains, wetlands and green spaces into built-up spaces. This affects the hydrological setting of the city’s geographic area. Bhubaneswar, one of the fir...
Context in source publication
Context 1
... for the structures mentioned above in these areas under any circumstances through bylaws can accelerate the flooding in Bhubaneswar. Figure 4 shows that new residential areas are also coming up in the low-lying areas near the natural stream. This means that during rainfall, residents may suffer from flooding since the areas which could have acted as a natural sponge by allowing water to percolate, would be lost because of residential development. ...
Citations
... In many urban areas, installed drains are either undersized or nonexistent, primarily because stormwater drainage funding needs to be prioritized [62]. Additionally, these are expensive, particularly for developing nations [148]. In the past, storm sewers were constructed to handle 12 to 20 mm of rain per hour [149]. ...
Urban flooding is a frequent disaster in cities. With the increasing imperviousness caused by rapid urbanization and the rising frequency and severity of extreme events caused by climate change, the hydrological status of the urban area has changed, resulting in urban floods. This study aims to identify trends and gaps and highlight potential research prospects in the field of urban flooding in South Asia. Based on an extensive literature review, this paper reviewed urban flood hazard assessment methods using hydraulic/hydrological models and urban flood management practices in South Asia. With the advancement of technology and high-resolution topographic data, hydrologic/hydraulic models such as HEC-RAS/HMS, MIKE, SWMM, etc., are increasingly used for urban flood hazard assessment. Urban flood management practices vary among countries based on existing technologies and infrastructures. In order to control urban flooding, both conventional physical structures, including drainage and embankments, as well as new innovative techniques, such as low-impact development, are implemented. Non-structural flood mitigation measures, such as improved flood warning systems, have been developed and implemented in a few cities. The major challenge in using process-based hydraulic models was the lack of high-resolution DEM and short-duration rainfall data in the region, significantly affecting the model’s simulation results and the implementation of flood management measures. Risk-informed management must be implemented immediately to reduce the adverse effects of climate change and unplanned urbanization on urban flooding. Therefore, it is crucial to encourage emergency managers and local planning authorities to consider a nature-based solution in an integrated urban planning approach to enhances urban flood resilience.
... Bhubaneswar has a history that goes back over two thousand years; the city was a religious center, and gradually turned into the administrative capital of Odisha in 1948 after India's independence. The city grew sharply in the late 1990s and 2000s, with the rapid growth of public and private corporations and infrastructure projects [83,84]. This growth has been complemented by a rapid in-migration of population groups and a rapid growth in the local economy in the last two decades. ...
In this paper, we explore the complex entanglements between ongoing land conflicts and climate shocks, and their implications for risk governance paths and evolution. We focus on ways in which concepts of shock and conflict can be incorporated into social–ecological systems thinking and applied to risk governance practice in a southern cities context. Through a qualitative inquiry of two slum redevelopment projects in Bhubaneswar city in India, we trace the origin and evolution of conflict around land tenure and eviction in informal settlements, as well as its interaction with local manifestations of climate shocks. Climate policies, as responses to climate shock and intended to mitigate climate risk, are observed as constructed, interpreted, framed, and used strategically by formal actors to further urban development objectives, while the local knowledge systems, risk perceptions, and adaptations are ignored in practice. This study helps to re-think the complexities of climate risk governance in southern urban spaces where multiple risks overlap and interact within the diverse realities of informality and vulnerability. A singular focus on one type of risk, on the formal order to manage that risk, is likely to overlook other risks and opportunities. Hence, shocks are likely to produce more unanticipated effects, conflicts function as the unobserved middle term, and the formal policies and plans to mitigate climate risk contribute to the creation of new risk.
... Using one dataset, the assessment results should only represent one physical condition in the study area. Therefore these results could not meet the need of local authorities to support flood adaptive spatial planning [27] and educate the community regarding the potential flood [28], [29]. This study fills this research gap by evaluating flood vulnerability based on time-series land cover data and predicting flood vulnerability using rainfall over various return periods. ...
... Consequently, well-informed local authorities, communities, and other stakeholders can take mitigation actions and prepare themselves and the people for flooding [15]. Flood adaptive land-use planning supported by adequate infrastructure is expected to reduce the flood risk that hampers community activities [15], [27], [34] and ultimately reduce losses due to flooding [43]. ...
Land-use change has an impact on growing physical flood vulnerability. Geographic Information System (GIS) and Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP) approaches are increasingly being used for flood vulnerability assessments. However, none has used time-series land cover data for evaluation and rainfall over various return periods for prediction simultaneously, especially in Indonesia. Therefore, this study aims to evaluate and predict physical flood vulnerability using time-series land cover data and rainfall data over various return periods. Eight criteria were considered in the assessment: elevation, topographic wetness index, slope, distance to the river, distance downstream, soil type, rainfall, and land cover. The criteria weights were determined using the AHP method based on expert judgment. The multi-criteria model was built and validated using flood inundation data. Based on the validated model, the effect of land cover changes on flood vulnerability was evaluated. The flood vulnerability changes were also predicted based on rainfall over various return periods. The evaluation and prediction models have shown reliable findings. The criterion elevation and distance to the river significantly influenced the physical flood vulnerability by 41% and 20%. The evaluation model showed a strong correlation between the built-up area and the area with high flood vulnerability (r 2 = 0.96). Furthermore, the model predicted an inundation area expansion for rainfall over various return periods. Further research using spatial data with higher resolution and more advanced validation techniques is needed to improve the model accuracy.
Perubahan tata guna lahan berdampak pada meningkatnya kerawanan banjir fisik. Pendekatan Geographic Information System (GIS) dan Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP) semakin banyak digunakan untuk penilaian kerentanan banjir. Namun, belum ada yang menggunakan data tutupan lahan deret waktu untuk evaluasi dan curah hujan selama berbagai periode ulang untuk prediksi secara bersamaan, terutama di Indonesia. Oleh karena itu, penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengevaluasi dan memprediksi kerentanan banjir fisik menggunakan data tutupan lahan deret waktu dan data curah hujan pada berbagai periode ulang. Delapan kriteria dipertimbangkan dalam penilaian: elevasi, indeks kebasahan topografi, kemiringan, jarak ke sungai, jarak ke hilir, jenis tanah, curah hujan, dan tutupan lahan. Bobot kriteria ditentukan dengan metode AHP berdasarkan expert judgment. Model multikriteria dibangun dan divalidasi menggunakan data genangan banjir. Berdasarkan model yang telah divalidasi, pengaruh perubahan tutupan lahan terhadap kerentanan banjir dievaluasi. Perubahan kerawanan banjir juga diprediksi berdasarkan curah hujan pada berbagai periode ulang. Model evaluasi dan prediksi telah menunjukkan temuan yang dapat diandalkan. Kriteria elevasi dan jarak ke sungai berpengaruh nyata terhadap kerawanan banjir fisik sebesar 41% dan 20%. Model evaluasi menunjukkan korelasi yang kuat antara kawasan terbangun dan kawasan dengan kerawanan banjir tinggi (r2 = 0,96). Selain itu, model tersebut memperkirakan perluasan daerah genangan untuk curah hujan selama berbagai periode ulang. Penelitian lebih lanjut menggunakan data spasial dengan resolusi yang lebih tinggi dan teknik validasi yang lebih maju diperlukan untuk meningkatkan akurasi model.
