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... Chaste (Vitex agnus-castus L.), a shrubby plant belonging to the Vitex genus of the Verbenaceae family, is a deciduous plant that is distributed especially on the Mediterranean and Asian coasts and reaches a height of up to 5 m (Rani and Sharma, 2013;Ibrahim et al. 2009;Berrani et al. 2021). V. agnus castus, a round-topped, upright and low-branched, thin-medium textured plant, is called chaste tree, five finger herb, Karacahayit, Karahayıt, 'Ayıd', 'Ayıt', 'Priest Pepper' and 'Chastity Tree' in Turkey and has different uses (Kolancı, 2017;Özderin 2021;Kavaz et al 2022). The regions where the Chaste plant is distributed in Turkey are especially the Eastern Black Sea, Marmara, Aegean, Mediterranean and partly the Southeastern Anatolia Region (Fakir et al. 2014). ...
Total phenolic and flavonoid amounts of the Vitex agnus-castus plant were displayed to be between 1146.43 (seed) and 1724.21 mgGAE/100 g (flower) to 4250.00 (seed) and 9264.29 mg/100 g (stem), respectively. Vitex agnus-castus parts contained total carotenoids ranging from 3.79 (flower) to 20.81 µg/g (leaf). In addition, Vitex agnus-castus parts contained total carotenoids ranging from 3.79 (flower) to 20.81 µg/g (leaf). Antioxidant activities of the parts of chaste plant changed between 18.39 (seed) and 19.05 mmol/kg (stem). Statistically significant differences were detected in quantities of phenolic constituents in Vitex agnus-castus plants depending on the plant parts ( p < 0.05). Catechin and rutin quantities of the parts of chaste plant were displayed to be between 185.54 (leaf) and 311.60 mg/100 g (flower) to 137.39 (flower) and 217.77 mg/100 g (stem), respectively. Oleic and linoleic acid quantities of the oils of the chaste plant parts were characterized to be between 16.62 (leaf) and 17.72% (seed) to 37.68 (leaf) and 65.21% (seed), respectively. Chaste plant parts contained the highest amounts of Ca, followed by K, S, Mg, P, Fe, Mn, Zn, B and Cu in decreasing order. A significant diversity and variability was observed between the chemical properties of Chaste plant part extracts.
Graphical abstract
... V. agnuscastus, also known as "hayıt, beş parmak out," is a popular plant in Türkiye. There are even some villages named Karacahayıt, Karahayıt, and Hayıtlı because the plant is widely found [6]. Chaste berries are popularly used as a diuretic, carminative, and sedative agent in Turkish folk medicine by infusion of 5%. ...
The essential oil (EO) compositions and chemotypes of the important ethnomedicinal plant Vitex agnus-castus L. flowers, leaves, and fruits collected from Türkiye (Balıkesir and İstanbul) were identified in the present study. Different parts of the V. agnus-castus EO’s in-vitro cytotoxic effects on the MCF-7 (human breast adenocarcinoma) and A549 (human lung carcinoma) human-origin cell lines were anaylzed in the current study. The composition of hydrodistiled EOs extracted from flowers, leaves, and fruits of V. agnus-castus were analyzed by GC–FID/MS. Monoterpene hydrocarbons and oxygenated monoterpene compounds were detected as the predominant component class of the V. agnus-castus. EOs extracted from Balıkesir region were defined as the “α- pinene-1,8-cineole” chemotype, while EOs extracted from İstanbul region were defined as the “sabinene-1,8- cineole” chemotype. Sesquiterpene hydrocarbons constituted more than 20% of the compounds in the EOs extracted from the flowers. To the best of our knowledge, this study is the first to analyze the in-vitro cytotoxic effects of flowers. This study is also the first to show the in-vitro cytotoxic effects of fruit, the most commonly used part of the plant, EO on the MCF-7 cell line. Balıkesir region’s EOs were observed as more potent -especially the purple flower’s IC50 is about 4.68 μg/mL on the MCF7 cell line- than İstanbul regions, which might be attributed to the higher amount of α-pinene, caryophyllene, and limonene content. Our results indicated that the V. agnus-castus EOs, which contain α-pinene, 1,8-cineole, caryophyllene, and limonene as major components, showed relatively high cytotoxic effects compared to the control groups on the MCF7 and A549 cell lines.
... Menengiçler familyasından olan hayıt otunun görünümü maki ve çalı şeklindedir. Hayıt otu kullanan kadınların postmenopozal dönemdeki sıkıntı verici semptomlarda, duygusal problemlerde, uykusuzlukta ve sıcak basmalarında iyilik hali oluşturduğu belirtilmiştir (Kolancı, 2017). Abbaspoor ve ark. ...
The disappearance of borders in international trade as a result of the maturation of globalization seems to increase the share of logistics activities day by day. Although this increase has many commercial advantages, it contains some negative environmental factors. The logistics and transportation sectors cause global warming by increasing greenhouse gas emissions, noise pollution, air pollution and other types of pollution. The problems that occur as a result of global warming have become one of the most important problems of our age, affecting the lives of all living things. In this context, the logistics industry needs to minimize the damage it causes to the environment. While carrying out logistics activities, “green logistics” practices, where environmentally sensitive operations are carried out, have started to be implemented. Green logistics is an important area in terms of economic and environmental sustainability.With green logistics, more efficient use of resources is ensured and environmental risks are reduced. In our study, postgraduate theses written in Turkey were examined and a bibliometric analysis of the studies in the field of green logistics was carried out. As a result, it has been determined that green logistics studies in Turkey have not reached a certain level of maturity. In this context, suggestions were made to sector representatives and academicians.
... Hayıt balının üretiminde kullanılan hayıt, mine çiçeğigiller (Verbenaceae) familyasından olup genellikle Akdeniz, Ege ve Marmara kıyılarında yetişmektedir (Fakir ve ark., 2014;Kolancı, 2017). Arılar için uygun nektar kaynağı olan ve diğer nektar kaynaklarının sınırlı olduğu Haziran-Temmuz aylarında çiçek açan hayıttan hayıt balı üretilmektedir (Koç ve ark., 2017a). ...
... Benzenasetaldehit içerikleri en yüksek olan ballar Aydın ilinden olan A1, A2 ve A3 örnekleri olup sırasıyla 86,09; 96,87 ve 160,10 mg/kg benzenasetaldehit içermektedir. Yunanistan'daki acıkekik balının, Polanya'daki funda balının da ana uçucu bileşeninin benzenasetaldehit olduğu belirlenmiştir (Wolski ve ark., 2006;Karabagias, ve ark., 2014;2017). Benzaldehit ve benzenasetaldehitin hoşa giden bal lezzetinin oluşmasını sağlayan uçucu bileşenler olduğu önceki bal çalışmalarında tanımlanmıştır (Karabagis ve ark., 2014). ...
In this study, it was aimed to characterize some physical and chemical properties, volatile compounds and sensory properties of chaste honey produced in Aydın, Çanakkale, İzmir and Muğla provinces. A total of 16 different volatile compounds (4 aldehydes, 3 furans, 2 alcohol, 2 sulphur compounds, 2 terpenes, 1 alkane, 1 benzenic compound and 1 ketone) were identified in the evaluated chaste honeys. It was determined that common volatile compounds of chaste honeys were dimethyl sulphide, octane, nonanal, 2-furancarboxaldehyde, 2-ethyl-1-hexanol, 1- (2-furanyl) -ethanone, benzaldehyde, 5-methyl-2-furancarboxaldehyde, and benzenacetaldehyde. Benzenacetaldehyde was the most abundant volatile compound in all chaste honeys, followed by benzaldehyde and 2-furancarboxaldehyde. As a result of the sensory evaluation, floral, fruity, caramel-like, bitter almond, fermented, animal-like, spicy, waxy, and woody aroma characters, sweet and sour taste characters and astringent mouthfeeling were detected in chaste honeys. The floral, fruity, caramel-like, sweet, and sour characters were intensely perceived in all samples.
... In this study, Karahayıt was considered as a research area. It is known that the name Karahayıt comes from the chaste tree -hayıt in Turkish-(Vitex Agnus-castus L.), a species of the deadnettle family (Lamiaceae) (Yılmaz-Kolancı, 2017). In his detailed work on the place names in Denizli, Kurgun states that Karahayıt originates from the name of the plant (Kurgun, 2002: 126). ...
Karahayıt is located in Turkey's southwest within the borders of Denizli. It is one of the rapidly growing tourism centers with its proximity to Denizli province and Pamukkale, a world-famous tourism center located in the region, as well as its hot water, thermal springs, healing mud, and "Red Water" which has spread out of the country in recent years. In this study, the thermal tourism potential of Karahayıt (Denizli) and the tourists’ views about thermal tourism were evaluated. In the questionnaire, which was outlined according to the screening model, the general screening was carried out in two dimensions. The first one is the documentary screening model on the determination of natural and human elements that constitute the thermal tourism potential of Karahayıt research area. The second dimension, on the other hand, is the questionnaire conducted with 150 samples (voluntarily) participating in the study from the local tourist population visiting Karahayıt. In this scope, the related literature and the questionnaire developed by Çetin (2010) were used as the data collection tools. In addition, field studies, field inspections, and interviews were conducted with the locals to obtain the research data. The data obtained from the related literature, field studies and field inspections were examined using descriptive analysis method, while statistical techniques were used in the analysis of the survey data. As a result of the study, it is seen that Karahayıt thermal field has an important potential in terms of thermal tourism. According to the data obtained from the local tourists, the majority (70%) take into account the characteristics of thermal water and the advice the relatives / friends in choosing the facility; they come to Karahayıt because they believe that thermal is beneficial to health (42%), thinks that they are treated rheumatism (28.7%) and joint disorder (13.3%), they are satisfied with the thermal facility (58%) and advice thermal facility which they stayed (55%). However, more than half of the local tourists (62%) believe that the promotion of the region was not sufficient, the social activities carried out in thermal facilities were limited (58%) and the infrastructure in the thermal facilities was insufficient (54%). In Karahayıt, it is necessary to build high quality thermal facilities and to create new areas and activities for recreation. By this way, the region will become more attractive, the satisfaction level of the visitors will increase and at the same time the people of the region will be able to earn more.
Anatolia is of great importance in terms of researching plants used as traditional folk medicine, as Turkey has a rich flora in terms of biological diversity and has hosted many ancient civilizations. This study, it is aimed to scientifically determine the plants used by the people in traditional treatment for women's diseases and health and to compile local information about them. Within the scope of this study, many literatures were reviewed. In general studies, it has been seen that researchers show more interest in medicinal plants, but they do not do enough research in terms of women's diseases and health. Within the scope of this study, it has been determined that 141 plant species belonging to 54 families are used in women's diseases and health. Accordingly, the first 5 families are Asteraceae (24), Lamiaceae (12), Rosaceae (9), Fabaceae (7), and Apiaceae (6). It has been determined that important plant species such as Allium cepa L., Alcea apterocarpa Boiss., Ficus carica L., Malva sylvestris L., Papaver bracteatum Lindl., Prunus spinosa L. and Zea mays L. are used in women diseases and health. In this study, 72 references has been examined to determine the women's diseases in Anatolia.
