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The lifting capacity of a crawler crane is limited by its stability and structural strength. This paper analyzes the stability factor by calculating tipping loads at various load radii for a particular boom length. It shows that the tipping load decreases with an increase in the load radius. A new structural frame is proposed to extend out the supe...
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... m. For performing stability analysis and considering the complexity of the larger boom, a boom length of 18 m is selected, which is two times basic boom length. Crane standing moments and stability load ratings are calculated at seven different load radii (R) using the weights of crane parts and its centre of gravity (C.G.) locations as shown in Fig. 3. ...
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Citations
... A finite element analysis in ANSYS to validate the strength of a crane chassis structure is performed by Li et al. [5] based on the stress distribution, noting that the stress on the chassis structure is much lower than the allowable stress of the material. Similarly, A.A. Shaikh et al. [6], using a structural static analysis in ANSYS, reveals that the tipping load decreases with the increase in the load radius, defining the stability factor by calculating the overturning loads. Scenarios regarding the tandem use of two cranes with mobile counterweights of the same type were presented by S. Rishmawi [7], who performed a pseudodynamic stability analysis of overturning stability, studying the effect of acceleration controls, travel distances and other parameters of the crane if the payload to be lifted is oversized or irregular in shape. ...
Since it is acknowledged that transport and lifting installations play an extremely important role in industry, construction, and the extractive field, as well as in the mechanization of loading-unloading works, the movement of equipment or materials, special attention is paid to the growth and diversification of such installations at the level of the most advanced technologies. The paper presents the operating principles and characteristics of a lifting and transport installation known as a ”Spider Crane”. This installation is considered a more cost-effective and efficient alternative to traditional cranes for works where lifting requirements are below certain limits and significant heights. Thus, an analysis of the hydraulic lifting system is carried out, based on the calculation of hydraulic fluid flows for the drive pumps, the specific speeds and forces of the hydraulic cylinders, a mechanical analysis of the clamping system with hook, as well as a finite element analysis of some mechanical and hydraulic components.
... Fastening methods in work erection girder It is very important to ensure Girder are lifted and installed safely and stably. The right selection of a tie strap should consider the length of the span girder and load capacity to prevent the binding from coming off during the lifting process (Shaikh, 2016) : In the process erection girder with span length girder 40,8 meters, used fastening method lifting frame to ensure safety and stability at the time of lifting (Lin et al., 2015). Here's an examination of the lifting frame: The inspection of the lifting frame showed a safety factor of 1.99, calculated from the lifting frame capacity of 80000 kg and the girder weight of 40112.50 ...
The construction of the Solo–Yogyakarta Toll Road aims to enhance connectivity between Solo and Yogyakarta and reduce traffic congestion. This study examines the productivity of crawler cranes in girder erection work to provide recommendations for optimizing crane usage in similar projects and improving construction efficiency. A quantitative approach was used, analyzing technical parameters such as lifting capacity, load charts, and operational safety, in accordance with SNI 6910-2022 standards. The findings revealed that the IHI CCH2800 crawler crane, with a maximum capacity of 280 tons, successfully handled a total load of 44.61 tons using a lifting frame. With a Dynamic Amplification Factor (DAF) of 1.05, the crane achieved a safe lifting capacity of 46.84 tons. The optimal configuration included a boom length of 33.50 meters, a lifting radius of 13 meters, and a sling capacity of 182.72 tons, resulting in a maximum lift capacity of 82.3 tons. This study highlights the importance of accurate lifting radius calculations and load chart optimization to ensure productivity and operational safety. The findings offer practical recommendations for application in future large-scale infrastructure projects.
... However, due to the large inertia of the load during braking in the free-fall hook condition, as well as the influence of nonlinear factors and coupling characteristics, shocks and vibrations are easily caused. When shock and vibration phenomena are serious, a vehicle is at risk of tipping over [1][2][3]. ...
Due to the large inertia and strong impact accompanying the free-falling hook process of crawler cranes, it is difficult to meet the demand for flexible and smooth braking control under different weight load conditions. Therefore, this paper takes the free-fall hook system as the research object and combines system operation characteristics and control theory to carry out research on flexible braking control of the free-fall hook system. Firstly, a joint simulation platform of MATLAB (version 2018b) and AMESim (version 2019.1) software is built to theoretically analyze the key components of the free-fall hook system (proportional pressure-reducing valve, winch reducer, and wet clutch). Secondly, a mathematical model of the braking process is established, and the pressure control demand is clarified to analyze the reasons for the existence of dead zones and hysteresis loops in the system. Meanwhile, it is found that the dead zones and hysteresis loops existing in the pressure output of the pressure-reducing valve are the main factors of flexibility with load braking. Then, in this paper, a closed-loop control strategy is formulated based on the automatic adaptation of the braking gear in combination with the fuzzy PID pressure. Finally, the effectiveness of the control strategy proposed in this paper is verified with simulation and experimental testing using the pressure hysteresis loop of the free-fall hook process and the load-braking acceleration as the judging criteria. The results show that the system pressure hysteresis loop is reduced by 50%–60% and the maximum braking acceleration is reduced by 24%–30% under the conditions of 6.44 tonnes and 10.44 tonnes, which improves the accuracy of pressure control and achieves flexible and smooth braking with loads for different tonnages of free-fall hooks.
... A finite element analysis in ANSYS for verifying the strength of a crane chassis structure is performed by Li et al. [5] based on the stress distribution, noting that the stress on the chassis structure is much lower than the allowable stress of the material. Similarly, A.A. Shaikh et al. [6], also through a structural static analysis in ANSYS, shows that the tipping load decreases with the increase of the load radius, defining the stability factor by calculating the overturning loads. Scenarios regarding the tandem use of two cranes with mobile counterweights of the same type were presented by S. Rishmawi [7], who performed a pseudodynamic stability analysis of overturning stability, being studied the effect of acceleration controls, travel distances and other parameters of the crane if the payload to be lifted is oversized or irregular in shape. ...
Recognizing the crucial role that transport and lifting installations play in various sectors, including industry, construction, and extraction, as well as in mechanizing loading and unloading operations, and the movement of equipment or materials, special attention must be oriented to the diversification and the production of these installations by using the most advanced technologies. The paper presents some operating principles and characteristics of a lifting and transport Spider Crane installation equipment. This installation is considered a more economical and efficient alternative to traditional cranes for works where lifting requirements are below certain limits and significant height. Thus, an analysis of the hydraulic lifting system was carried out, based on the calculation of hydraulic fluid flows for the drive pumps. Also, was evaluated the specific speeds and forces of the hydraulic cylinders, a mechanical analysis of the clamping system with hook, as well as a finite element analysis of some mechanical and hydraulic components.
... Augustaitis et al. used the original software package to develop the model of the lift mechanism and then found the dynamic load during the lifting motion [8]. By calculating tipping loads at various load radius for a particular boom length, Shaikh and Kumar analyzed the stability factor during the luffing motion [9]. Trabka developed the numerically efficient telescopic crane model with the use of the finite element method during the luffing motion [10]. ...
The swing behaviour of tower cranes under compound working conditions is closely related to construction safety and structural health. This paper presents dynamic models and simulated them for parameter analysis to understand tower cranes’ dynamic characteristics and vibration features under compound working conditions. The parameters contain payload mass, rope length, lifting acceleration, slewing acceleration, luffing acceleration, and initial angle. For the lifting-luffing coupling motion (LLCM) and lifting-slewing coupling motion (LSCM) of the tower crane, the D’Alembert principle provides a theoretical basis for the derivation of system dynamics equations. The spatial swing angle description of the crane payload includes the time-domain response and frequency-domain response, which uses a dynamic model. The result shows that the mass has little effect on the spatial swing angle. The value of the lifting acceleration is stable at 0.004 m/s² to 0.01 m/s². Peak value (PV), root mean square value (RMS), root mean square frequency (RMSF), and frequency standard deviation (RVF) present the best sensitivity to changes in the spatial swing angle response. When PV of angles θ and β increases by tens of thousands of times in the LLCM, PV can reflect the phenomenon of angle divergence. The skewness value (SV) increases by 3422% at the severe swing angle performance in the LSCM. The swing angle regularity with the compound working conditions can provide theoretical guidance for eliminating structural vibration.
... Consequently, any overload is excluded using wide-angle pintype load cells, which complement the disadvantage of existing pin-type load cells capable of measuring only a narrow range [11] and calibrates the load moment limiter with a test bench [12] that communicates with the AML device using multi-sensors [13]. The abovementioned mainly complement the performance of existing sensors and rollover prevention systems [14][15][16][17][18][19][20][21]. ...
... Consequently, any overload is excluded using wide-angle pin-type load cells, which complement the disadvantage of existing pin-type load cells capable of measuring only a narrow range [11] and calibrates the load moment limiter with a test bench [12] that communicates with the AML device using multi-sensors [13]. The abovementioned mainly complement the performance of existing sensors and rollover prevention systems [14][15][16][17][18][19][20][21]. ...
This study presents a computational method called economical auto moment limiter (eAML) that prevents a mobile cargo crane from being overloaded. The eAML detects and controls, in real time, crane overload without using boom stroke sensors and load cells, which are expensive items inevitable to existing AML systems, hence, being competitive in price. It replaces these stroke sensors and load cells that are used for the crane overload measurement with a set of mathematical formula and control logics that calculates the lifting load being handled under crane operation and the maximum lifting load. By calculating iterative them using only a pressure sensor attached under the derrick cylinder and the boom angle sensor, the mathematical model identifies the maximum descendible angle of the boom. The control logic presents the control method for preventing the crane overload by using the descendible angle obtained by the mathematical model. Both the mathematical model and the control logic are validated by rigorous simulation experiments using MATLAB on two case instances each of which eAML is used and not used, while changing the pressures on the derrick cylinder and the boom angle. The effectiveness and validity of the method are confirmed by comparing the outputs obtained by the controlled experiments performed by using a 7.6 ton crane on top of SCS887 and a straight-type maritime heavy-duty crane along with eAML. The effects attributed to the load and the wind speed are quantified to verify the reliability of eAML under the changes in external variables.
... Numerical investigations concerned dynamic tests of the offshore crane rope system. Within many works that can be found about issues related to cranes, the most attention is given to problems of control [12][13][14][15] , stability [15][16][17][18][19] and analysis of the load motion [20][21][22][23][24][25] . Work [15] presents the control system of lifting devices, taking into account the stability analysis of these machines. ...
... Currently, the problem of modelling is one of the most important elements when modifying a structure. The modification of the crawler crane construction frame is presented in [17] . The impact of the proposed modification on the crane stability condition was analysed. ...
This work concerns the analysis of the load motion, taking into account wind pressure and the deformation of the rope system. Disturbances resulting from the physical properties of the linear system are presented. The Kelvin–Voigt model was adopted as the deformable model of the rope system. The carried load was treated as a rigid body. The formulated initial–value problem allows the analysis of load motion during kinematic forcing or its free movement. The wind pressure was included in the analytical model by using the formula for aerodynamic drag. Numerical tests were carried out in conditions resulting from the crane operating standards (ISO 4302).
... In this paper, the formulated models include damping of the portal structure. Including selected references on the crane modelling and dynamics (Gustafsson, 1996;Maczyński and Szczotka, 2002), which were considered in Vasiljević et al. (2016), in this paper additional references on the effect of structure damping (Chopra, 2006;Spyrakos, 1994;Bathe, 1996) and on the dynamic stability of cranes (Ito et al., 1985;Towarek, 1998;Ju et al., 2006;Shaikh and Kumar, 2016) are considered. ...
... 2 An increase in the carrying capacity of a CC raises the question of its stability. On the other hand, increased CC stability implies an increase in the CC carrying capacity [8]. It was proposed to increase the stability of CCs by applying additional compensating ropes oriented in directions close to horizontal [9]. ...
... The following notations are used in the loading diagram: l k is the equilibrium length for each of the two additional compensating ropes; c 1 …c 8 ...
Payload uncontrolled oscillations arising during movement of a loaded self-propelled crawler crane at a construction site were reduced by equipping the crane with two additional compensating ropes equal in length and connecting the rotating platform to the load gripping device. This also increased the stability of the entire system. The stability margin moment was used to evaluate the crane stability at individual tipping axes of the crawler support contour. While moving along a random microrelief surface, under the varied length of the compensating ropes and the platform rotation angle, the length reduction increased the mathematical expectation of the stability margin moment for the most loaded lateral tipping axis. The smallest values of the stability margin moment were obtained at the platform rotation angle close to 90 degrees, with the crane stability index being most affected by the compensating rope length. At a zero platform rotation angle, the compensating rope length effect on the stability at the most loaded lateral axis was insignificant. The regression equation of the average stability margin moment affected by the compensating rope length and the platform rotation angle was obtained. The results can be used in the design of advanced self-propelled cable electric crawler cranes.
... Although ensuring the stability of the mobile machinery is an up-to-date subject and intensive research is carried out to improve it, much of the recent research does not take into account the dynamic nature of the loading due to the payload swinging, elastic supports, and moving links. 11 , 12 Rauch et al. 13 developed a dynamic model of a mobile boom crane and studied the tip-over stability by a simplified semi-dynamic approach to account for the payload swing and inertia forces. Since the dynamic stability is influenced by the foundation-soil interaction, Messioud et al. 14 used complex mathematical models, but Towarek 15 obtained adequate results for the dynamic stability of a boom crane by the use of a two-parameter rheological model for the representation of the soil. ...
This article presents a numerical study of the stability of a hydraulic excavator during performing lifting operations. A planar dynamic model is developed with six degrees of freedom, which considers the base body elastic connection with the terrain, the front digging manipulator links, and the presence of the freely suspended payload. Differential equations describing the excavator dynamic behavior are obtained by using the Lagrange formalism. Numerical experiments are carried out to study the excavator dynamic stability under different operating conditions during the motion along a vertical straight-line trajectory. It is shown that the arising inertial loads during the movement of the links along the vertical trajectory, combined with the payload swinging and the motion of the base body, decreases the excavator stability. It was found that the excavator stability during following vertical straight-line trajectory decreases considerably in the lower part of the vertical trajectory. If the stability coefficient is close to 1, the payload swinging can cause the separation of a support from the terrain; nevertheless, the excavator stability can be restored. A method for tire stiffness and damping coefficients estimation is presented. The validation of the dynamical model is performed by the use of a small-scale elastically mounted manipulator.
