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The paper attempts to understand several properties of a bamboo (Bambusa balcooa) which is easily available in many parts of Bangladesh. All the bamboo samples used in this study were collected from one three years old tree. A total thirty samples were tested to find the ultimate strength. Among them the stress-strain curve of five samples were stu...
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... total number of four samples of each type were tested. The elaborate result is shown in Table-5. It is seen fro m the result that bamboo possesses much less density than that of steel. ...
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... III. DATASET DESCRIPTION The dataset used in this research is considered from formerly published work [38]. The dataset consists of 30 samples, with 24 arbitrarily selected as training data and the remaining as testing data. ...
Bamboo holds significant global economic importance as a non-timber forest product. Its fibers can be utilized in concrete reinforcement, a concept known as bamboo fiber reinforced concrete. Nevertheless, further investigation is required for Bamboo Fiber Reinforced Concrete, with a specific focus on bamboo tensile strength. This study aimed to foretell the BTS through several machine learning techniques, including artificial neural network, extreme learning machine, and support vector regression. A total of 30 samples from the previous literature article were considered for predicting Bamboo Tensile Strength. The dataset was split into two parts, with 80% allocated for training data and 20% for testing data. The outcome from the data testing shows that the extreme learning machine predict very sensitive to random errors in the observed target. The results show that a positive correlation was found between key input parameters, such as the shorter dimension of bamboo, the longer dimension of bamboo, cross- sectional area, modulus of elasticity, and area, in relation to the output bamboo tensile strength.
... In Bangladesh, about 33 different types of bamboo species are found till date with the plantations covering about 5000 sq kms area country wide (Mahzuz et al., 2013;Rahman et al., 2017). Being a subtropical country, plantations of bamboos could be in both rural and forest areas of Bangladesh (see Figure 7). ...
Construction industry is increasingly leaning towards regenerative and renewable materials to foster sustainability. Bamboo grows widely in the tropical and subtropical parts of the world and has been used as a construction material since the inception of human civilization. Owing to its faster harvesting rate and superior mechanical properties, bamboo could be a viable option to be used in diverse structural applications. Low environmental impact of bamboo has been evaluated as "factor 20" by means of life-cycle analysis in house construction, implying that the impact of bamboo on the environment is 20 times less than that of bricks and concrete. Advancement in technologies has evolved innovative use of materials with time, such as introduction of engineered bamboo products, where bamboo culms are cut to planks and glued together delivering a product with minimal variation in material properties and favourable sizes to suit various applications. Engineered bamboo products could range in various types and dimensions offering sustainable alternatives of concrete and steel to be used as floors, beams and walls in buildings and bridge structures. While the use of engineered bamboo products has been greatly appreciated in many parts of the world including Africa, Latin America and parts of southeast Asia including China, Indonesia, Philippines for structural purposes, in Bangladesh such attempt is still missing. Although, Bangladesh is a subtropical country, yet bamboo is grown round the year in rural home plantations and in forests. Current research discusses the potential of engineered bamboo for building construction drawing the experiences from world sphere. The production processes of various types of engineered bamboo products are described along with the strength comparison between bamboo products and other construction materials. The comparison shows engineered bamboo products offer high potential to be used in the building construction. Consequent discussion on the bamboo scenario of Bangladesh reveals that bamboo has been utilised, to a considerable extent, as a construction material in its natural form. Lastly, the mechanical properties of local bamboo species in Bangladesh were compared with the commonly used species for engineered bamboo production round the world. This reveals that the local bamboos possess the potential to manufacture homegrown engineered bamboo products.
... These equations were utilized to determine the theoretical bond strengths of the corrugated splints. The calculations involved utilizing an average value of 4.5MPa for the longitudinal shear strength of bamboo (τ b )[55,56] and the shear strength of concrete τ c was found to be 4.48 MPa from evaluating the smallest value using Eq. (1)[57]. ...
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... This section summarises the previous studies investigating the tensile strength of bamboo. Mahzuz et al. [37] explored the tensile strength of a commonly found bamboo species in Bangladesh-Bambusa balcooa. Fault-free bamboo specimens were selected for the test after performing a visual inspection. ...
Bamboo is a natural biodegradable material used as a strength-bearing material that operates for system works, formwork supporting stands, structural members in low-rise houses, props, framing, bridges, laminated flooring, facades, walls, roofs, and trusses. Over recent years, there has been an increased demand for bamboo, considering sustainable construction practices. Exploring bamboo’s physical and mechanical behaviour is essential to develop innovative construction methods and design guidelines. Therefore, this paper aims to review the studies on bamboo culms’ material properties and physical behaviour, considering the load-bearing capacity and structural adequacy. This study summarises the physical and mechanical properties of a wide array of bamboo species grown worldwide. Mechanical properties such as compressive, tensile, flexural, shear, and bucking strengths are explored, highlighting the key findings in previous experimental works. Results have indicated a significant variability in bamboo’s material and mechanical properties considering the growth conditions, location along a culm, geometric imperfections and environmental conditions. In addition to material and mechanical properties, structural bamboo connections, engineered bamboo products, and preservative treatment of bamboo are also investigated. The construction industry can utilise the summary of the findings of this study to develop design guidelines for sustainable bamboo construction. Overall, this paper presents an overview of structural capability and drawbacks for future research and development using bamboo in modern construction.
... Use of bamboo as reinforcement may lead to economy as compared to structures reinforced with steel; thereby overall cost of construction can be reduced (10-20%) [13]. Strength-Cost ratio of bamboo is more than nine times higher than that of steel [14]. ...
The building industry is the leading consumer of energy and materials in the majority of nations. Concrete is strong in compression but weak in tensile strength. To obtain tensile strength, steel is added as reinforcement in concrete. Bamboo has a high compressive and tensile strength. As a result, the use of bamboo as a structural building material is gaining popularity, Bamboo is one of the oldest building materials on the planet. Bamboo is been used for bridges, scaffolding, dwellings, and other temporary structures from early times. This review paper is a theoretical demonstration of the extensive use of bamboo as reinforcement in construction and its detailed use in substitution for steel. The goal is to find ways to make the use of bamboo reinforced concrete beams simple, efficient, and cost-effective
... Bangladesh has a variety of bamboo resources, which are vital to continuing development of the country's economy, especially at the rural sector. It has also been used in more than 65% farms as agricultural implements (Mahzuz, 2010;Mukul & Rana, 2013;Nain et al., 2001Nain et al., ., 2013. Green leaves of bamboo are also used as fodder (50%) during the long period of flood. ...
... The plants thrive well on moist sandy clay loam alluvial soils and on the well-drained residual soils consisting of almost pure stands, even to the summits of low sand hills(M. K. Alam, 1994;Banik, 2016;Mahzuz, 2010). Bambusa tulda is another comon bamboo generally found to grow as undergrowth sporadically or in patches on the flat alluvial deposits along streams in the mixed deciduous forest and also along the banks of the dry water courses. ...
Present Bamboo status in Bangladesh contiguous with demand and supply
... Based on the result, the author adopted statistical analysis method and was also performed using the computer program-SPSS. The finding of researcher was presented in graphs and tables as shown below (Mahzuz, Ahmed, Dutta, & Rose, 2013). ...
The main purpose of this study was analysis the effect of oil treatment of Ethiopian lowland bamboo on tensile and bending strength of bamboo. In this study Ethiopian lowland bamboo treated by oil in different treatment condition with hot oil and without hot oil. The treatment temperatures were 100, 130 and 160 °C with sun flower oil and treatment duration of 30, 60 and 90 min and bamboo immersed in oil for 2, 4 and 6 days without heat. After oil treatment of bamboo tensile and three point bending experimental test were investigated for treated and untreated bamboo samples. The experimental result showed that from all condition of oil heat treatment best tensile results were bamboo treated at 100 °C with sun flower oil for a duration of 60 min and for bending bamboos treated at 160 °C for a duration of 30 min. In addition to this bamboo treated without hot oil for a duration of 2, 4 and 6 days had good tensile and bending strength at long treatment duration.
... The specific resistance of bamboo (the material tensile strength divided by the material density) can be six times that of steel (Ghavami, 1995(Ghavami, , 2005(Ghavami, , and 2008). Furthermore, bamboo also has an edge over steel in terms of mechanical strength to cost ratio (Mahzuz et al., 2013). Although bamboo has a lower mechanical strength than steel, its tensile strength parallel to the fibers can surpass 350 Mpa (Ghavami, 1995 and2005;Beraldo, 2003;Mahzuz et al., 2013;Wakchaure and Kute, 2012). ...
... Furthermore, bamboo also has an edge over steel in terms of mechanical strength to cost ratio (Mahzuz et al., 2013). Although bamboo has a lower mechanical strength than steel, its tensile strength parallel to the fibers can surpass 350 Mpa (Ghavami, 1995 and2005;Beraldo, 2003;Mahzuz et al., 2013;Wakchaure and Kute, 2012). However, because bamboo is an organic material that is susceptible to a variety of factors such as moisture content, thickness, soil conditions, density, climate conditions, and developing space, it is possible for its mechanical properties to vary greatly even in standardized and clear culm samples (Low et al., 2006;Zhao et al., 2017). ...
... Compression tests were performed on two bamboo species, Bambusa pervariabilis and Phyllostachya pubescens, by Chung and Yu (2002 Mahzuz et al. (2013), the mechanical qualities of bamboo are superior to many beneficial timber products, but they are much lower than the tensile strength of steel. When compared to other investigations, Amada and Untao (2001) reported a different finding. ...
Four samples of Guadua Angustifolia (Colombian Timber Bamboo) bamboo culms were investigated in this study in order to determine the effects of nodes and other physical properties on the compressive strength. The samples were categorized into two groups; samples with nodes (labeled 1M and 1G) and samples between nodes (internode) which were labelled 1J and 1B. The mechanical properties such as moisture content, density, modulus of elasticity and compressive strength of the samples were studied in the laboratory. From the results obtained, it was observed that the density of all the bamboo samples was directly proportional to their respective compressive strengths. Bamboo culm samples from the internode part had a compressive strength that is lower than that of those from the node part (1M and 1G). The culm sample from the node part (1M) had the highest compressive strength of 80.5379 N/mm 2 while the culm sample from the internode part (1B) had the lowest compressive strength of 60.8930 N/mm 2. The culm diameter, wall thickness and length influenced the cross-sectional area over which the stress was determined. Therefore, the mechanical properties of bamboo are dependent on its physical properties to a reasonable extent.
... In general, the node affected negatively the tensile strength parallel to the fibers for all analyzed conditions, while the moisture content did not show a significant influence, although the descriptive analysis exhibited its influence on the dimensional variations and water absorption. divided by the material density, of bamboo can be six times higher than the steel one (Ghavami 1995, 2005and 2008, Beraldo 2003, and it also takes advantage over steel when considering the ratio between mechanical strength and cost (Mahzuz et al. 2013). ...
... Although bamboo has, in general, a mechanical strength lower than steel, its tensile strength parallel to the fibers may exceed 350 MPa (Ghavami 1995and 2005, Beraldo 2003, Wakchaure & Kute 2012, Mahzuz et al. 2013. ...
Bamboo is an abundant plant in tropical regions, which
can be used as a nonconventional structural material; however,
there is a high variability in its mechanical properties. This study
aimed to evaluate the influence of the moisture content and of the
sections (with and without node) on the tensile strength parallel
to the culm fibers of three bamboo species (Dendrocalamus
asper, Phyllostachys pubescens and Phyllostachys aurea),
aiming at their use for structural purposes. For each moisture
condition (ambient, saturated in water, oven dried and control),
a completely randomized design, following a 3 x 2 factorial
scheme, was used. Phyllostachys pubescens exhibited a higher
tensile strength parallel to the fibers than the other species. In
general, the node affected negatively the tensile strength parallel
to the fibers for all analyzed conditions, while the moisture
content did not show a significant influence, although the
descriptive analysis exhibited its influence on the dimensional
variations and water absorption.
... Use of bamboo as reinforcement may lead to economy as compared to structures reinforced with steel; thereby overall cost of construction can be reduced (10-20%) [18]. Strength-Cost ratio of bamboo is more than nine times higher than that of steel [19]. From these recommendations of researchers it is cleared that, bamboo reinforced structures is safe and economical for moderate strength construction. ...
This study is based on the use and performance of bamboo reinforcements in construction of low-cost structures. This study investigated the physical and mechanical properties of bamboo reinforcements. Bamboo reinforced concrete beam specimens were tested with different reinforcement ratios and observed the load capacity, deflection and failure patterns. It was observed that, flexural strength of bamboo reinforced column is sufficient higher than plain cement concrete and comparable to steel reinforced concrete beams. Bamboo reinforced concrete columns with different reinforcement ratio also tested and observed the ultimate compressive strength and failure pattern. It found, all columns failed in a similar pattern due to crushing of concrete. According to cost analysis, bamboo reinforced beams and columns with moderate reinforcement ratio showed the best strength-cost ratio among plain cement concrete and steel reinforced concrete.