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![Typical heat loss and heat gain through a poorly insulated building in colder and hotter days for Indian climates [1]](profile/Apeksha-Shandilya-2/publication/342551422/figure/fig2/AS:908074533523458@1593513248910/Typical-heat-loss-and-heat-gain-through-a-poorly-insulated-building-in-colder-and-hotter.png)
Typical heat loss and heat gain through a poorly insulated building in colder and hotter days for Indian climates [1]
Source publication
The poor performance of buildings does not only play a major role in energy consumption but is also responsible for thermal discomfort inside the building. Prior to planning the building retrofitting, decision-makers need to evaluate different retrofitting strategies and their potential measures of energy savings on the current energy scenario. The...
Context in source publication
Context 1
... thermal load is the quantity of heat that must be removed (cooling load) and added (heating load) to maintain a constant comfortable room temperature, heat transfer into and out of the example building model is analyzed for different combinations. Figure 4 shows the main heat fluxes that occur in a poor house (The values are based on simulated data). ...
Citations
... Therefore, it is important to note that buildings with low-energy consumptions are mandatory to reduce carbon dioxide (CO2) emissions (Basarir et al. 2012). Appropriate retrofitting strategies where the outdoor climate condition is taken into account can help reduce the energy consumption of buildings (Shandilya et al. 2020). For instance, thermal insulation is a commonly applied retrofitting measure for reducing the total energy consumption of buildings, and the thickness of the insulation layer is a significant parameter that affects the thermal condition inside a building (Kisilewicz 2019). ...
... In this article, the improvement of the thermal envelope of the building was carried out in relation to the indicators of the internal microclimate in the building [12], its energy efficiency [13,14,15], and geometric data [16], as well as to the reasons of thermal bridges formation [17,18,19] and mold growth [7,20] in enclosures. ...
The adopted concept and examples of energy-saving architecture were the basis for improving the energy efficiency and thermal microclimate conditions of the building, reducing its greenhouse gas emissions. The appropriate location, shape, orientation, and dimensions of the building, its rooms, and enclosures, especially windows, and doors, are determined. The daily, seasonal, and year-round effects on the building of renewable energies of incoming solar radiation and the environment – the energy of outdoor air, base soil, wind, sky, and surfaces facing the building are considered. Buildings with small thermal envelope surfaces in a form of a national Kyrgyz yurt and a sphere have no architectural thermal bridges that cause microclimate disturbance and mold growth. The straw bale solar passive building has a similar performance to the Nearly Zero Energy building and the Green Building. It has minimal energy consumption, CO2 emissions, embodied energy, and a low carbon footprint of used straw bales, wood frames, and clay plasterwords.
... Известно, что для обслуживания здания потребляется около 30% от всей конечной энергии в мире [1]. Для Европейского союза это значение составляет около 40% [2], где приблизительно 80% всей энергии используется для отопления помещений, вентиляции и кондиционирования воздуха в здании [3]. Поэтому в последнее время главной проблемой становится эффективность использования энергии при строительстве и обслуживании зданий. ...
The paper investigated the temperature fields in the enclosure under various boundary conditions, which were calculated in the ANSYS software package, where an iterative computational scheme was used to determine the thermal resistance of the interlayer or channel. It is found that of all the developed structures, the most effective is the construction with air layers with a heat-reflecting screen in the outer surface, which exceeds other structures in terms of thermal resistance: at a minimum outdoor temperature by 14.5%, at a maximum temperature by 14.2%, at an average temperature of the coldest five-day period by 16.7%, and at an average temperature of the temperature of the first month after the end of the heating period is 16%, and the thermal resistance of horizontal or vertical channels have almost the same values.
... According to evidence [5], buildings expend about 30% of all finite energy worldwide; in the European Union, this figure is greater than 40% of the common energy expendable [6]. The reason for this is that more than 80% of the energy goes into heating buildings [7]. Against outside environmental conditions, there is a need to specify temperature regimes suitable for people to reside in buildings. ...
... than 40% of the common energy expendable [6]. The reason for this is that more than 80% of the energy goes into heating buildings [7]. Against outside environmental conditions, there is a need to specify temperature regimes suitable for people to reside in buildings. ...
Precise meanings of thermophysical processes taking place in air gaps have decisive importance in composite cladding structure systems’ calculation and modeling. The climatic load conditions in Kazakhstan can significantly affect the microclimate of premises in general. In this work, a review study is carried out to obtain the relevant scientific literature on enclosing structures with air gaps under various climatic conditions. The review mainly covers research institutes from Sweden, Norway, France, Saudi Arabia, Russia, and China. On the issue of the air gap parameter’s influence on thermophysical processes, 16 papers were analyzed, and on the issue of air infiltration, 12 papers were analyzed. However, the review shows a lack of research in this area under various climatic conditions. At the same time, experience has shown that the principle of multilayer protection from climatic influences creates a favorable microclimate in buildings, but due to a possible temperature drop, wall structures made of composite building materials can be quite favorable under some conditions, and under others they may be less favorable. Therefore, working out a new energy-saving design with air gaps for climatic conditions with large temperature fluctuations during summer and winter is an urgent task.
... Study [35] describes the energy-saving design of an external enclosure with an energy-active panel. This panel increases the energy activity and heat storage capacity of the external enclosure of the building through the use of a wall panel with heat-accumulating material and inclusive elements [36]. ...
This paper proposes a mathematical model and a procedure for calculating the thermal state of the enclosing structure of the building, which includes an energy-active panel that accumulates solar radiation due to the phase transition of the heat-accumulating material. The mathematical model is based on a two-dimensional non-stationary nonlinear equation of thermal conductivity, which describes the process of heat transfer in the bearing layer of the enclosing structure and the energy-active panel. The model also includes equations describing radiant heat transfer between opaque and translucent bodies. To correctly describe solar insolation, the ASHRAE 2009 model was used in conjunction with the daily change in the position of the Sun in the sky. To solve the system of equations that make up the mathematical model, an iterative procedure has been developed, which involves alternating solution at each time step of the two-dimensional equation of thermal conductivity and a set of algebraic equations of convective and radiant heat transfer. The study’s result established that the amount of accumulated energy in the heat-accumulating material of the phase transition during daylight hours increases significantly, from 15 to 35 %. At night, the surface temperature of the heat-accumulating element in structures using a material with a phase transition is greater than in the case of heat accumulation only in the bearing layer. As a result, it is possible to select from 70 to 120 % more accumulated heat while the presence of high-thermal partitions in a heat-accumulating material with a phase transition contributes to an increase in accumulated heat and usable heat
... This study found that clothing insulation was higher and comfort temperature was lower in the cold than hot-dry zones. Shandilya et al. (2020) investigated the behavior of numerous retrofitting strategies for houses at five different climatic zones. ...
Purpose
Science mapping is an essential application of visualization technology widely used in safety, construction management and environmental science. The purpose of this study was to explore thermal comfort in residential buildings (TCinRB) research in India, identify research trends using a science mapping approach and provide a perspective for recommending future research in TCinRB.
Design/methodology/approach
This study used the VOSviewer tool to conduct a systematic analysis of the development trend in TCinRB studies in India based on Scopus Index articles published between 2001 and 2020. The annual numbers of articles, geographical locations of studies, major research organizations and authors, and the sources of journals on TCinRB were presented based on the analysis. Then, using co-authorship analysis, the collaborations among the major research groups were reported. Furthermore, research trends on TCinRB studies were visually explored using keyword co-occurrence analysis. The emerging research topics in the TCinRB research community were discovered by analyzing the authors’ keywords.
Findings
The findings revealed that studies had been discovered to pay more attention to north-east India, vernacular architecture, Hyderabad apartments and temperature performance in the past two decades. Thermal adaptation, composite climate, evaporative cooling and clothing insulation are emerging research areas in the TCinRB domain. The findings summarized mainstream research areas based on Indian climatic zones, addressed current TCinRB research gaps and suggested future research directions.
Originality/value
This review is particularly significant because it could help researchers understand the body of knowledge in TCinRB and opens the way for future research to fill an important research gap.
... The article [8] presents the results of energy retrofitting of a typical residential building in different climatic zones in order to reduce the level of energy consumption and discomfort in the premises. For these purposes, the building's thermal protection has been improved by means of feasible and optimized modernization. ...
... Besides the visual and auditory quality, thermal quality has great importance, especially for the occupants [22], [25]. Concepts considering thermal quality also enhance the conditions of comfort in the building [26]. Thermal temperature measurements in spaces naturally vary according to the factors such as the season and the hour of measurement. ...
Adaptive reuse is a common approach for buildings that no longer serve their original function despite their good physical conditions. Such applications require the examination of the building regarding its qualities and capabilities. The focus of this study is the capability of the buildings to correspond to the user’s requirements following adaptive reuse processes, and the effects of new functions on the building performance optimization. Achieving reliable data in building performance evaluation will be possible only through the correct definition and association of the criteria. This study examines the adaptive reuse of Mugla Museum, a former prison building, through archive research, plan analysis, observations, and interviews. The result of the study has shown that the functional and perceptive performance of Mugla Museum is neutral, while the technical performance of the building has been found to be good. The building corresponds to its function with average performance, and the level of performance has the potential to be increased through adjustments in the building program or capacity increase. The study has shown that performance evaluation is necessary for determining the strengths and weaknesses of buildings. Within this context, developments in assessment methods would contribute to the betterment of adaptive reuse processes.
... At the pre-building phase, the energy efficiency strategies available are: appropriate site selection, better site planning, robust building forms, adequate space planning, effective building envelope selection and the selection of materials of construction that consume less energy. As a result, [33] are of the opinion that retrofitting is one of the most suitable and promising building envelope solutions to reduce the energy consumption in buildings and a very helpful tool to create and maintain thermal comfort in buildings. Others include: appropriate landscaping design that encourages energy efficiency and adequate building materials for construction. ...
Energy efficient buildings are buildings that consume less energy while also maintaining or improving the comfort conditions for their occupants, compared to the normal building type. Such buildings result not only in less negative impact on the environment, but are economically sustainable and resilient. This study investigated the extent to which building professional firms in Abuja, Nigeria are aware and implement the different energy efficiency design strategies available for deployment in office buildings, in order to ascertain the current level of knowledge and implementation of the strategies within the building industry in the study area. A structured questionnaire was used to gather data from 80 professionals drawn from architectural and engineering firms involved in the design of office buildings in the study area. The data were analysed by descriptive statistics and the results indicate that both the awareness and implementation levels of energy efficiency design strategies by the firms are high. Whereas most (78%) of the respondents are aware of the various energy efficiency design strategies employed in office building designs, few (22%) of them have little or no knowledge of the strategies investigated. On the implementation level, majority (69%) of the participants recorded a high rate, while few (31%) recorded a low rate. The study also found that the strategies the firms are mostly aware of are site planning, natural ventilation and building orientation. Whereas, the three most adopted strategies among the strategies investigated are: building plan and space organisation; site planning and building orientation. Among the recommendations of the study is that relevant stakeholders of the building industry in the country, should provide platforms from time to time for promoting the benefits of energy efficiency design strategies in the country, in order to maintain the high level of understanding and deployment of the strategies by the building professionals that currently exist in the study area. This is envisaged to ultimately lead to curtailing the adverse effects of global warming on the environment in the long run.
... The reference panel apartment building can be seen in Figure 4 b) and rated area in Figure 4 a). Methodological approaches are based on the state of knowledge of the issue [23,24]. The theoretical basis of formation of biodegradation is derived from the fact that prerequisites for the microorganisms to live include humidity, nutrients, temperature, light, oxygen as well as a favourable pH value. ...
After 2000, 2010, energy and heat savings became a key concern of the European Parliament and the Council of the European Union. The result of these efforts and activities was, in particular, the introduction of the Energy Performance of Buildings Directive (EPBD I., EPBD II., include EPBD II. recast), into the legal ambience of the EU Member States. The resulting requirements are mainly reflected in the areas of energy decrees and normative regulations and place high demands on the gradual reduction of energy consumption and overall sustainability. The new thermal-technical and energy legislation and ever-stricter criteria of the European Union require among other things that measures taken towards overall improvement of building performance should include better quality thermal insulation of building envelopes of both, new and refurbished buildings. However, one has to evaluate real impact of improved thermal insulation and energy saving parameters within the context of the overall structural and environmental design of buildings by also taking into account the ramifications of such improvements to building structures. On the one hand, there is a qualitative energy improvement; on the other hand, we encounter new manifestations of defects and failures in the form of biodegradation of facades. The aim of the paper is to present a case study based on monitoring of prefabricated apartment buildings, laboratory analysis of biodegradation microorganisms and model calculations, and to explore how increasing the thickness of thermal insulation can negatively affect the condition of the building facade and how they can start biodegradation processes in the form of mosses, lichens and algae. The paper shows the need for the interaction of all interdisciplinary contexts that lead to quality reconstruction and renovation interventions, the aim of which is to extend the life of a panel residential housing by at least another twenty years.
