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Rosmarinus offi cinalis (Rosemary) is a common household plant which belongs to the family Lamiaceae and is grown in many parts of the world. It is a woody, perennial herb with fragrant, evergreen, needle-like leaves and white, pink, purple or blue fl owers. The two most commonly grown hardy Rosemaries are Rosmarinus offi cinalis 'Arp' and R. offi...
Citations
... As a result, Rosmarinus officinalis Linné (L.) has been widely accepted as a synonym for this plant species [10]. Rosmarinus officinalis L. (R. officinalis) is a fragrant, evergreen, perennial shrub with needle-like leaves that can be found growing wild in temperate regions of the Mediterranean such as Morocco, Spain, Portugal, Turkey, and others [11]. It is a versatile herb used both in culinary and medicinal practices, and its flowers, stems, and leaves can be extracted to produce essential oils, aromas, and fragrances [12][13][14]. ...
... Thus, different documents for rosemary-related patents are available. Generally, these encompass patent applications (11,070), granted patents (2412), limited patents (303), other patent documents (100), search reports (95), patents of addition (55), amended applications (20), and amended patents (7). ...
We reviewed the patentability of rosemary-derived drugs and bioactive compounds over the last 20 years and analyzed patent documents related to the rosemary (Rosmarinus officinalis Linné) plant using patent analysis techniques. A total of 12,320 patent documents (patent applications and granted patents) were identified, with China having the highest number of patent documents at 4384. The year 2017 had the most patent documents (1122). Patent classification codes indicate that most inventions are for medicinal preparations and cosmetics characterized by their composition. Further, expert driving forces and knowledge clusters showed that research and development has focused on methods to bring pharmaceutical products into specific physical or administering forms, which are described in the majority of patents. To demonstrate the innovation trends in rosemary-derived drugs and bioactive compounds, a selection of relevant patent documents, with publication dates between 2002 and 2022, is described at the end of the study. This selection contains a total of 13 patent documents, including six patent applications and seven granted patents, and deals with pharmaceutical and biomedical applications, processes for extracting rosemary-derived biomolecules (e.g., rosmarinic acid, carnosic acid, and carnosol), and cosmetic and food applications.
... camphene (2.5-12.0%), and myrcene (0.9-4.5%) [4,5]. These metabolites have been applied for the prevention and treatment of various diseases such as colds, rheumatoid arthritis, and musculoskeletal discomforts [4,5]. ...
... and myrcene (0.9-4.5%) [4,5]. These metabolites have been applied for the prevention and treatment of various diseases such as colds, rheumatoid arthritis, and musculoskeletal discomforts [4,5]. In addition, this plant presents a wide range of biological properties including antibacterial [6], antitumor [7], antidiabetic [8], antioxidant [9], and anti-inflammatory [10]. ...
... There are a variety of secondary metabolites in R. officinalis, each of which is useful in treating disease [5]. Identifying the hub genes involved in the biosynthesis of each secondary metabolite is crucial for the development of pharmaceuticals and plant breeding programs, as well as industrial applications. ...
Medicinal plants contain valuable compounds that have attracted worldwide interest for their use in the production of natural drugs. The presence of compounds such as rosmarinic acid, carnosic acid, and carnosol in Rosmarinus officinalis has made it a plant with unique therapeutic effects. The identification and regulation of the biosynthetic pathways and genes will enable the large-scale production of these compounds. Hence, we studied the correlation between the genes involved in biosynthesis of the secondary metabolites in R. officinalis using proteomics and metabolomics data by WGCNA. We identified three modules as having the highest potential for the metabolite engineering. Moreover, the hub genes highly connected to particular modules, TFs, PKs, and transporters were identified. The TFs of MYB, C3H, HB, and C2H2 were the most likely candidates associated with the target metabolic pathways. The results indicated that the hub genes including Copalyl diphosphate synthase (CDS), Phenylalanine ammonia lyase (PAL), Cineole synthase (CIN), Rosmarinic acid synthase (RAS), Tyrosine aminotransferase (TAT), Cinnamate 4-hydroxylase (C4H), and MYB58 are responsible for biosynthesis of important secondary metabolites. Thus, we confirmed these results using qRT-PCR after treating R. officinalis seedlings with methyl jasmonate. These candidate genes may be employed for genetic and metabolic engineering research to increase R. officinalis metabolite production.
... Mersin ve Adana illerinde 100-250 metre rakımlarda sahil kuşağında yabani olarak toplanır. Türkçe olarak kuşdili, hasalbal ve akpüren gibi farklı isimlerle de bilinmektedir(Begum et al., 2013;Başkaya et al., 2016). ...
Bitki sistematiği açısından bugün yeryüzünde 1 milyona yakın bitki türünün
olduğu belirtilmektedir. Yaklaşık bunlardan yarısı tanımlanmış olup,
bu çalışmalar halen devam etmektedir. Son yıllarda tıbbi ve aromatik bitkilerle
ilgili araştırmaların artarak devam ettiği anlaşılmaktadır. Tarif edilmesi gerektiğinde tıbbi ve aromatik bitkiler; değişik kullanım alanları olan (özellikle ilaç, gıda, kozmetik vb.) bitkiler anlaşılmaktadır. Bu kısımdaki bitkilerin bazıları bulunduğu ekosistemden toplanıp kullanılırken, bir kısmı da kültüre alınıp üretimi yapılarak tüketilmektedir.
Tarihimizde ve ülkemizde bu tür bitkilerin kullanımı büyük önem taşımaktadır.
Selçuklularda, Osmanlılarda ve Türkiye’de tıbbi ve aromatik bitkiler toplanmış, kullanılmış ve bu bitkilere ait bilgiler verilmiştir. XX. yüzyılda ise bitkilerin etkin maddelerinin, bitki besin madde içeriklerinin, vitaminlerin ve enzimlerin keşifleri ile bu bitkilere olan ilgi ve onlarla yapılan araştırmalar büyük bir hız kazanmıştır.
Ülkemizde de bir çok endemik ve tıbbi-aromatik bitki türün bulunması,
bunların yoğun kullanımları yanında bu bitkiler ile ilgili araştırmaların yapılmasını
gerekli kılan nedenler arasındadır. Türkiye’deki önemli tıbbi ve aromatik bitkilerden bu bölümde beslenmeleri ile ilgili çalışmalardan bahsedilen bitkiler şunlardır; adaçayı, lavanta, kekik, nane, safran, kırmızı biber, fesleğen, anason, kimyon, papatya, meryemana, ballıbaba, sater otu, ısırgan, kişniş, kurtludiken ve çemendir.
... The rosemary (Rosmarinus officinalis L.) plant, known by names such as kusdili, hasalbal, and akpuren according to the regions in Turkish, is an important medicinal, aromatic and herbaceous plant that belongs to the Lamiaceae family (Begum et al., 2013). Rosemary is a coniferous, occasionally leafless shrub that grows in the Mediterranean region's environment (Satya et al., 2017). ...
In order to evaluate the proper concentration of plant growth hormone and the suitable plant growth hormone in Rosmarinus officinalis L., a significant fragrant, medicinal, and herbaceous plant, the study was carried out in a greenhouse setting during the vegetative period of 2022. In the experiment, peat and vermicompost mixture (3 peat / 1 vermicompost) as the rooting medium, Indole acetic acid (IAA), Indole butyric acid (IBA), and Naphthalene acetic acid (NAA) hormones as plant growth regulators and 0, 1000, 2000, 3000, 4000 ppm concentrations of these hormones were used and the Randomised Plot Experiment Design were established three times in the Multiple Comparison Test “LSD”. In seedlings removed three months after planting, properties such as seedling height (cm), number of roots (pieces), root length (cm), maximum root length (cm), number of laterals (pieces) and lateral length (cm) were examined. The highest seedling length (19.88 cm) and number of shoots (12.60 pcs), 3000 ppm concentration of Indole acetic acid (IAA), root length (16.30 cm), and 3000 ppm concentration of Naphthalene acetic acid (NAA) at the highest root length (22.82 cm) came to the fore. In terms of root number, the values found at 3000 ppm concentration of indole acetic acid (19.25 pieces) and naphthalene acetic acid (20.09 pcs) were combined into one statistical group and made up the maximum number of roots. The lateral length control seedlings statistically prevented other applications and produced the highest lateral length (1.99 cm). Therefore, it can be said that Indole acetic acid (IAA) and Naphthalene acetic acid (NAA), both of which have a concentration of 3000 ppm, are the most suited growth hormones.
... Cell lysates from S-PC tumor tissues were subjected to co-immunoprecipitation (Co-IP) using OBP2A antibody, followed by Western blot using CXCL15 antibody (upper panel), or co-immunoprecipitation using CXCL15 antibody, followed by Western blot using OBP2A antibody (lower panel). The α-pinene interrupts the interaction of OBP2A with CXCL15/IL8 and inhibits PCa cell proliferation and migration The α-pinene is a naturally occurring OBP2A-binding ligand found in the oils of coniferous trees, which is an alkene and contains a reactive four-membered ring structure (Begum et al., 2013;Briand et al., 2002;El Beyrouthy et al., 2015;Thang et al., 2014;Whitson and Whitson, 2014). It has been reported that α-pinene has antioxidant, antimicrobial, and anticancer activities (Aydin et al., 2013). ...
Androgen deprivation therapy (ADT) is a systemic therapy for advanced prostate cancer (PCa); although most patients initially respond to ADT, almost all cancers eventually develop castration-resistant PCa (CRPC). Currently, most research focuses on castration-resistant tumors, and the role of tumors in remission is almost completely ignored. Here, we report that odorant-binding protein (OBP2A) released from tumors in remission during ADT catches survival factors, such as CXCL15/IL8, to promote PCa cell androgen-independent growth and enhance the infiltration of myeloid-derived suppressor cells (MDSCs) into tumor microenvironment, leading to the emergence of castration resistance. OBP2A knockdown significantly inhibits CRPC and metastatic CRPC development and improves therapeutic efficacy of CTLA-4/PD-1 antibodies. Treatment with OBP2A-binding ligand α-pinene interrupts the function of OBP2A and suppresses CRPC development. Furthermore, α-pinene–conjugated doxorubicin/docetaxel can be specifically delivered to tumors, resulting in improved anticancer efficacy. Thus, our studies establish a novel concept for the emergence of PCa castration resistance and provide new therapeutic strategies for advanced PCa.
... camphene (2.5-12%), β-pinene (2.0-9.0%), and limonene (1.5-5.0%) (Begum et al., 2013;Hosni et al., 2013). Studies show that rosemary oil from Lam Dong province in Vietnam contains αpinene (35.54 %), eucalyptol (20.902%), camphene (4.384%), bicyclo[3.1.1]hept-3-en-2-one ...
... Results in Table 2 , levoverbenole (12.12%), cineole (14.49%), borneol acetate (4.93%), linalool (3.045%), and geraniol (6.36%), which are in partial agreement with our results. In contrast, the dominant compounds of the rosemary essential oils in Lam Dong province are different from those reported from previous studies in India and Tunisia, where the main component of rosemary essential oils is camphor (21%) and 1,8-cineol (55%), respectively (Begum et al., 2013;Hosni et al., 2013). However, the constituents of essential oils within the same plant species are affected by local geographic conditions where that species distributes (Saei-Dehkordi et al., 2010). ...
In the present study, viscozyme L pre-treatment for aerial parts of Rosmarinus officinalis L. (rosemary), grown in Lam Dong province, was performed to evaluate the effective extraction of essential oils by hydro-distillation. Enzymatic pre-treatment with 1 g viscozyme L enzyme mixed with 5 mL sodium chloride 15% at 50 o C for 1 hour, followed by hydro-distillation, was seen to slightly increase the yield of rosemary essential oils from 0.96% to 1.08%. GC/MS analysis showed the presence of 32 compounds in rosemary essential oils, of which the major components were α-pinene (29.71-32.17%) and cineol (17.55-18.74%) in both the control and the enzymatically treated samples. The results also revealed that rosemary essential oils obtained from both the control and the enzymatically treated samples exhibited moderate antimicrobial activity against Escherichia coli, Staphylococcus aureus, and Candida albicans in all tested concentrations.
... Rosemary is native to the Mediterranean regions of Europe, Asia Minor and North Africa. It was introduced in India by the Europeans as a garden plant in the Nilgiri hills due to its pleasant fragrant scented leaves (Begum et al., 2013). Rosmarinus officinalis is used as brain-stimulating herb, mild sedative, used to treat physical and nervous fatigue and is used as a biological insecticide against clothes moth (Zheljazkov et al., 2015). ...
ABSTRACT
Aromatic crops have been the excellent source of essential oils and bioactive
molecules. Essential oils are the odoriferous, volatile constituents of aromatic
plants obtained by hydro/steam or supercritical carbon dioxide extraction.
The high value aromatic plants of temperate region of India have become
major sector oftrade in both developed anddeveloping countries. Prominent
among them are Lavender, Lavendin, Rosemary, Valeriana, Costus and
Thyme oils. These oils rank among top essential oils for aromatherapy
globally. Cultivation and processing of these aromatic crops will change
the socio-economic status of farming community. The present paper
describes the research results on these crops obtained during recent years at
Faculty of Forestry, SKUAST-Kashmir.
Keywords: Essential oils, Costus oil, lavender, Lavendin,Rosemary, Thyme,
Valeriana
... Rosmarinus officinalis L. (Rosemary) is a common household plant which belongs to the family Lamiaceae that originates from the Mediterranean region (Begum et al., 2013). It is a fragrant evergreen shrub reaching up to 2 m height, leaves are strongly curved, leathery, opposite, linear and aromatic with prominent midrib (Arnold et al., 1997;& Sasikumar, 2012). ...
This experiment conducted on rosemary plant (Rosmarinus officinalis L.), aimed to investigate the effect of gibberellic acid (GA3), salicylic acid (SA), and NPK fertilizer on growth and chemical constituents as well as determining the best concentration. After two weeks from planting the rooted cuttings in plastic pots were sprayed with the SA at three concentrations (0, 150 and 300 mg l-1), GA3 Sprayed with two concentrations (0, 400 mg l-1), and NPK sprayed as Nano NPK at concentrations (3 and 6 g l-1), the control plants were fertilized with regular fertilizer recommendation of NPK (200-N, 100-P, 50-K mg l-1). The results showed: The triple interaction among the three factors studied indicated that the plants which sprayed with 400 mg l-1 GA3, 300 mg l-1 SA, and 6 g l-1 nano NPK fertilizers gave the highest value number of branches 19.97 branch plant-1, volatile oil percent 1.626 %, and total chlorophyll content 32.70 mg g-1 f.w, whereas plant height increased to highest value at 400 mg l-1 GA3, 300 mg l-1 SA and 3 g l-1 nano NPK which reached to 38.30 cm, also production of volatile oil per plant increased at 400 mg l-1 GA3, 150 mg l-1 SA, and 6 g l-1 nano NPK fertilizers 0.947 ml plant-1. It appears that using those levels gave the best growth and development results on rosemary plant. Further research is needed to investigate whether the higher concentrations than used in this research will give the better parameters.
... Furthermore, accessions varied in their re-curving of leaf margin, and the majority of the accessions displayed strong re-curving (42.2%) followed by medium (31.1%) and weak (26.7%) re-curving of the leaf margin. Majority of the accessions demonstrated strong leaf margin curving, which is in agreement with leaf characteristics of most rosemary species (Lorenzi and Matos, 2006;Begum et al., 2013;Ribeiro-Santos et al., 2015). The variation in leaf characteristics could have practical value for selecting the desired type for conservation and breeding activities. ...
... The wider flower traits variabilities noted in the studied accessions showing the divergence of the accessions and could have practical value in selection and improvement activities. Previous studies have also shown the presence of large flower characters variability that has been used as an important trait in distinguishing rosemary accessions(Ulbricht et al., 2010;Mattia et al., 2011;Begum et al., 2013;Carrubba et al., 2020). ...
Rosemary is one of the industrially significant crops traded over the world. Its cultivation in many countries depends on locally adapted populations rather than on the use of improved varieties. Collection and characterization of the local populations could contribute to their conservation and selection of desirable traits. Therefore, this study was undertaken to estimate the diversity of 45 rosemary accessions collected from different parts of Ethiopia using qualitative morphological traits. The frequency distribution of characters reflected the polymorphism of the studied characters, and a total of 39 phenotypic classes were observed. Shannon-weaver diversity indices estimated across accessions ranged from 0.43 to 0.99 with a mean value of 0.79, demonstrating the existence of adequate phenotypic diversity among the accessions. Estimates of diversity indices within and among growing regions revealed that intra-region diversity (0.57) exceeds inter-region diversity (0.43). Cluster analysis classified the accessions into six major clusters regardless of the accessions' geographical origin. This was consistent with the estimated within and among growing regions diversity indices. The results clearly showed the presence of considerable levels of phenotypic diversity that could be exploited as a source of a valuable gene pool for future breeding programs.
... The Rosmarinus L. genus belongs to the Lamiaceae family [1], includes five species in the Mediterranean region: Rosmarinus officinalis L., R. eriocalyx Jourdan and Fourr, R. laxiflorus (De Noé) Batt., R. lavandulaceus Batt. and R. tomentosus Huber-Morath and Maire [2]. ...
Rosemary ( Rosmarinus officinalis L.) is a popular herb in cooking, traditional healing, and aromatherapy. This study was conducted to evaluate the effects of meteorological conditions plant growth stage and genetic factors on the yield, quantitative and qualitative composition, on the antioxidant and antimicrobial activities of rosemary essential oil from two Tunisian locations (El Fahs and Matmata) during two successive years. The composition of the essential oils obtained by hydrodistilation from rosemary plants were carried out annually using GC and GC/MS. Results showed the the main constituents were camphor (18.2–28.1%), 1,8-cineole (6.4–18.0%), α-pinene (9.7–13.5%), borneol (4.4–9.5%), and camphene (5.1–8.7%). The principal component and heatmapper analyses showed group segregation of the two studied varities based on major essential oil compounds. Additionally, in vitro antimicrobial and antioxidant activities showed that rosemary essential oils had an important ability in scavenging DPPH, as well as a higher bactericidal effect. The seasonal variation, growth stage and genetic pools seemed to be a factors of significant variation of the composition, antimicrobial and the antioxidant activities of the rosemary essential oils. These finding would be taken to use the chemotaxonomy tools to develop a program for Rosmary protection conservation and identification based on essential oil composition.
