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Background Because many cosmetic surgery clinics are not adequately equipped to handle emergent conditions, patients often come to a university hospital when problems occur during or after cosmetic surgery. However, few in-depth studies have been conducted of this issue. Therefore, we investigated emergency department visits due to complications as...
Context in source publication
Context 1
... diagnoses of patients who presented in an abnormal condition included stress cardiomyopathy, cerebral infarction, brain hemorrhage, and sepsis (Table 1). The types of surgery included mammaplasty, liposuction, malar/orthognathic surgery, rhinoplasty, filler and botulinum toxin injections, and blepharoplasty ( Table 2). The most common procedures in patients with abnormal vital signs were liposuction and mammaplasty. ...Similar publications
Background
In the present report, an innovative alternative approach for rhytidoplasty is described. Rhytidoplasty Through Minimal Incisions (Rhythmic) is an effective, efficient, safe, and reproducible alternative procedure for facial rejuvenation. It has several advantages over traditional procedures.
Objective
The main objective of this report...
Citations
... The difference in uniformity and accuracy between conventional and machine injections is expected to be more significant in the human body due to the firm attachment of the fibrous component to the epidermal-dermal junction. Epinephrine has the potential to cause skin necrosis and even cardiomyopathy [13], while lidocaine can result in serious side effects, such as arrhythmia and shock. To mitigate these risks, reducing the total amount of the lidocaine and epinephrine mixture is recommended. ...
De-epithelialization is a technique that thins out the epidermis layer of the skin to resurface defects in a cavity or to implant a flap pedicle subcutaneously, preserving the subdermal plexus to support the vascularity of the flap. However, in reduction mammoplasty, de-epithelialization of the pedicle is a time-consuming and tedious step. Although various methods have been proposed to facilitate the completion of this step, a standard has not been established. We used a digital automatic injector that could inject a mixture of lidocaine and epinephrine at a constant, adjustable rate without any special effort. With this method, we could inject local anesthetic into the junction of the epidermis and dermis accurately, which saved time by making dissection easier (hydrodis-section) and decreased bleeding during de-epithelialization. Furthermore, we could use less of the lidocaine and epinephrine mixture, thereby reducing its potential side effects.
Background Two hypothetical mechanisms have been proposed for fat embolism syndrome: mechanical obstruction and biochemical reactions. However, it has not been proven whether these mechanisms are correlated. This study aimed to demonstrate the relationship between these two hypothetical mechanisms by observing biochemical and histological changes in animals. Methods After a preliminary study, 700 mg/kg of triolein was injected via the ear vein into 25 rabbits and hemodynamic changes in triglycerides, lipases, free fatty acids, and albumin over time were observed. Necropsies were immediately conducted on all experimental animals, and the lungs were examined histologically. Results Eight rabbits died within 1 hour after the injection due to mechanical obstruction. Six rabbits died 7–60 hours after the injection due to diffuse hemorrhage of the lung induced by the toxic biochemical reactions of free fatty acids. Histological examinations of the lungs of the surviving rabbits showed petechiae on the surfaces and evidence of recovery from hemorrhage. Blood levels of free fatty acids increased immediately after the injection of triolein. Conclusions This study revealed that fat emboli primarily injure the lung via mechanical obstruction. The fat is hydrolyzed into fatty acids and causes secondary damage via biochemical reactions. The present study sheds light on the pathophysiology of fat embolism syndrome, with possible implications for its management and prevention.
