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Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing with Subcarrier-Power Modulation (OFDM-SPM) has recently been proposed as a promising, potential transmission technique for future wireless communications(i.e., 6G and beyond) due to its multiple beneficial characteristics, including higher spectral efficiency, low latency with good reliability while maint...
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... implementation of OFDM with sub-carrier power modulation is presented in detail in [2]. The block diagram of the implemented transmitter design is shown in Fig. ...
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... mitigate the effect of multipath, a cyclic prefix is added; this helps in mitigating the effect of intersymbol-interference (ISI) because OFDM has a long symbol duration; therefore, ISI only affects the initial part of the OFDM symbol [16] [17]. Hence, two STBC-OFDM-SPM streams are transmitted by two antennas from the transmitter, as shown in Fig.1. ...
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... implementation of OFDM with sub-carrier power modulation is presented in detail in [2]. The block diagram of the implemented transmitter design is shown in Fig. ...
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... mitigate the effect of multipath, a cyclic prefix is added; this helps in mitigating the effect of intersymbol-interference (ISI) because OFDM has a long symbol duration; therefore, ISI only affects the initial part of the OFDM symbol [16] [17]. Hence, two STBC-OFDM-SPM streams are transmitted by two antennas from the transmitter, as shown in Fig.1. ...
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Citations
... It is known in the literature that coherent systems surpass non-coherent systems in terms of reliability; however, noncoherent schemes are less complex in terms of receiver design because of the absence of phase estimation [11]- [14]. In Fig.6, OFDM-SPM-DPSK is compared with coherent and noncoherent binary phase shift keying modulations in terms of complexity and reliability. ...
RedCap devices face challenges related to efficient multiple access techniques that can fully leverage their potential while adhering to their constraints. There are many multiple access techniques proposed in the literature recently, but none of them is deemed a good fit for the multi-facet requirements of RedCap devices. Motivated by that, this paper introduces a new multiple-access technique designed to address these challenges, aiming to optimize the performance and efficiency of RedCap devices in various application scenarios. The proposed technique seeks to enhance data rates, reduce latency, and extend battery life while maintaining the cost-effectiveness and simplicity essential for RedCap devices. Consequently, the proposed design effectively overcomes prior challenges and boosts system throughput by leveraging the power domain to transmit supplementary data bits, all while preserving a streamlined and uncomplicated transceiver design. In summary, with the same time, frequency, space, and power resources, it can be served an additional user with a stream of data bits equal to that of the main user, thus resulting in doubling the system’s spectral efficiency.
... Combining like terms after rearranging (14) can give us ...
... The performance of these superimposed signals is indicated by the function of wireless channels and the unwanted user data. The motivation behind the design of these auxiliary signals stems from [14]- [24]. ...
In this study, we present a novel multi-user scheme in which space-time block coding (STBC) is exploited for transmitting data in two rounds in a multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) fashion while orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM) is utilized as a transmission framework to serve multiple users on the premises that all the resources remain the same. This new scheme labeled as modified multi-user STBC (MMU-STBC) is an enhanced version of conventional STBC-MIMO in terms of providing exceptionally higher throughput and reliability. Furthermore, uniquely designed auxiliary signals are superimposed on top of users' data during the two transmission rounds (time slots) to intelligently cancel inter-user interference and channel effects at the receiver while keeping the reception process much simpler and less power-consuming. Moreover, we also present a simple equalization step to recover the signals at the receiver while reducing the complexity significantly, resulting in low latency and less processing at the receiver. Additionally, the proposed scheme's performance is inspected and examined by utilizing performance metrics such as bit error rate (BER), throughput error rate (TER), and peak-to-average power ratio (PAPR) while comparing it with the performance of conventional MIMO systems. FULL ARTICLE PDF: https://rs-ojict.pubpub.org/pub/ev4icpzz/
... These superimposed signals are the function of wireless channels and the unwanted user data. The motivation behind the design of these auxiliary signals stems from [16]- [25]. ...
... Hijazi and Hamamreh [15] suggested signal space diversity as a solution to enhance the system performance through the Rayleigh fading channel where they achieve a gain of more than 5 dB. Abuqamar et al. [16] suggested using Alamouti space-time block coding in a multiple-input-single-output over a multipath Rayleigh fading channel to enhance the throughput and BER performance. ...
This study investigates a new technique known as "orthogonal frequency division multiplexing with subcarrier power modulation" (OFDM-SPM) when compounded with a "multiple-input multiple-output" (MIMO) system. This combination of the two wireless technologies offers additional benefits and characteristics, such as increased spectrum efficiency (SE), increased energy efficiency (EE), and decreased transmission latency, among others. However, as compared to a traditional MIMO-OFDM system, the system's bit error rate (BER) show degradation. In this paper, turbo code is proposed as a coding technique to enhance the system performance with three-power reallocation policies (PRPs). The simulation results show that the BER and throughput performance has gotten better, where the throughput is doubled and the BER achieves about 10 dB gain by utilizing the proposed methods and compare to the classical MIMO OFDM, which makes the system more suitable for use in future wireless systems.
... OFDM-IM is a technique that can transmit data bits by exploiting not only conventional M −ary signal constellations but also exploiting the indices of the active subcarriers in each subblock to increase the spectral efficiency and reliability [21]. OFDM-SPM is another technique which focuses on the transmission of additional data bits along with the conventional M −ary modulated bits by utilizing the power of subcarriers in OFDM blocks as a third dimension [19], [22]- [27]. On the other hand, OFDM-SNM is a technique that focuses on the improvement of the spectral efficiency and reliability performance by exploiting the number of subcarriers in each subblock to transmit additional data bits along with those bits that are modulated by the conventional M −ary modulation scheme [20]. ...
... where P tx represents the total power of transmission. After each user's consumed power is found, the total power consumption of the system, P T , can be found as the summation of the equations (26) and (27) stated as follows: ...
Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing with Subcarrier Number Modulation (OFDM-SNM) has recently been proposed as an effective transmission method that can transmit additional data bits by exploiting the number of subcarriers in each subblock. This results in an improved performance in terms of spectral efficiency and reliability. However, one of the main drawbacks of OFDM-SNM is that not all the available subcarriers are deployed to transmit data, as some of these subcarriers remain inactive. In order to eliminate this problem and make use of all the available subcarriers, Multi-User OFDM-SNM is proposed in this paper for serving multiple users by dedicating the subcarriers used for implementing SNM to serve a far user, whereas the remaining subcarriers are used to send data for a near user. In this paper, the concept of multi-user OFDM-SNM is established on the basis of conventional OFDM over a Rayleigh fading channel. The validity of the system is proven by exhibiting both theoretical analysis and computer simulations. The obtained results show that the proposed multi-user OFDM-SNM is a strong candidate for the future 6G and beyond technologies and it can satisfy the requirements of multi-user cases of future wireless systems demanding higher reliability and better spectral efficiency. Article link:
https://rs-ojict.pubpub.org/pub/ubwihh0m/
Simulation codes:
https://researcherstore.com/product/simulation-codes-of-multi-user-subcarrier-number-modulation-based-ofdm-mu-ofdm-snm
A modulation technique has recently developed known as “OFDM with Subcarrier Power Modulation (OFDM-SPM)”. This technique utilizes two types of modulation. The first one called power modulation, where the power level of each subcarrier changes depending on the bit stream while transmit uses another type of conventional modulation such as a QPSK. The results shows that the adoption of OFDM with SPM improve the throughput, save the power, reduce the complexity, and so on. On the negative side, it shows degradation in the “Bit Error Rate” (BER) performance. In this paper, the convolutional code is the proposed to improve the BER while paired with the vitribi hard decision decoder which is considered easy to implement of the hardware and costs. the suggested methods will be discussed in the terms of throughput and BER with the three power reallocation policies ) PRPs).
The fifth-generation (5G) wireless communications have been deployed in many countries with the following features: wireless networks at 20 Gbps as peak data rate, a latency of 1 ms, reliability of 99.999%, maximum mobility of 500 km/h, a bandwidth of 1 GHz, and a capacity of 10
6
up to Mbps/m
2
. Nonetheless, the rapid growth of applications, such as extended/virtual reality (XR/VR), online gaming, telemedicine, cloud computing, smart cities, the Internet of Everything (IoE), and others, demand lower latency, higher data rates, ubiquitous coverage, and better reliability. These higher requirements are the main problems that have challenged 5G while concurrently encouraging researchers and practitioners to introduce viable solutions. In this review paper, the sixth-generation (6G) technology could solve the 5G limitations, achieve higher requirements, and support future applications. The integration of multiple access techniques, terahertz (THz), visible light communications (VLC), ultra-massive multiple-input multiple-output (um-MIMO), hybrid networks, cell-free massive MIMO, and artificial intelligence (AI)/machine learning (ML) have been proposed for 6G. The main contributions of this paper are a comprehensive review of the 6G vision, KPIs (key performance indicators), and advanced potential technologies proposed with operation principles. Besides, this paper reviewed multiple access and modulation techniques, concentrating on Filter-Bank Multicarrier (FBMC) as a potential technology for 6G. This paper ends by discussing potential applications with challenges and lessons identified from prior studies to pave the path for future research.
The Vehicular ad-Hoc Network (VANET) is envisioned to ensure wireless transmission with ultra-high reliability. In the presence of fading and mobility of vehicles, error-free information between Vehicle to Vehicle (V2V) and Vehicle to Infrastructure (V2I) requires extensive investigation. The current literature lacks in designing an ultra-reliable comprehensive tractable model for VANET using millimeter wave. Ultra-reliable communication is needed to support autonomous vehicular communication. This article aims to provide a comprehensive tractable model for VANET over millimeter waves using Space-Time-Block-Coding (STBC) concatenated with Reed Solomon (RS) coding. The designed model provides the fastest way of designing and analyzing VANET networks on 60 GHz. By using the derived BER expressions and Reed Solomon coded doppler expression ultra-reliable vehicular networks can be build meeting the demands of massive growing volume of traffic. The performance of the model is compared with previous BER computational techniques and existing VANET communication systems, i.e ., IEEE 802.11bd and 3rd generation partnership project vehicle to everything (3GPP V2X). The findings show that our proposed approach outperforms IEEE 802.11bd and the results are comparable with V2X NR. Packet Error Rate (PER), Packet Reception Ratio (PRR) and throughput are used as performance metrics. We have also evaluated the model on higher velocities of vehicles. Further, the simulation and numerical findings show that the proposed system surpass the existing BER results comprising of various modulation and coding techniques. The simulation results are verified by the numerical results there-by, showing the accuracy of our derived expressions.
