Figure 1 - uploaded by Alexander Kritikos
Content may be subject to copyright.
Timeline of publications on small business and the Spanish flu Note to 2021 is an incomplete year since the research was done in May of that year.
Context in source publication
Context 1
... we use the period of 50 years, which resulted in only 60 publications, related to the effect of Spanish flu on small businesses. Interestingly, most papers on the effect of the Spanish flu on small business were published during the Covid-19 pandemic (see Figure 1). Researchers from the United States, United Kingdom and Canada have led this field of research. ...
Similar publications
Citations
... Mass layoffs, temporary and permanent closures, bootstrapping of digitalization, and strategic alliances were some of the ways that businesses responded to the financial repercussions. Belitski et al. (2021) explored the 15 articles in the special issue "Economic implications of the CO-VID-19 epidemic on entrepreneurship and small companies," and presented its findings in four sections: An analysis of four literature streams based on the review of the literature's effect on entrepreneurship and small companies A summary of the articles in this special edition, as well as suggestions for future economic study in the wake of a catastrophic event. Rakshit et al. (2021) explored how developing country SMEs used smartphone apps to boost company productivity during the pandemic. ...
There is no denying that worldwide economic and environmental conditions have been affected by the COVID-19 pandemic. Small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs) have been particularly impacted by the COVID-19 pandemic. With this research, the authors aimed to better comprehend the obstacles faced by small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs) during a pandemic, the digital reforms that emerged as a result of COVID-19, and the preventive measures that SMEs can take to withstand the crisis. They reviewed a wide range of secondary materials, including scholarly journals, books, internet resources, and blogs. They conclude that small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs) can benefit from digital transformation because it allows them to rethink their decision-making processes and their use of technology. To overcome the challenges posed by COVID-19 to SMEs, it is necessary to examine a set of policy measures that could aid the recovery of MSMEs.
... De esta manera, las capacidades de adaptación de las rutinas estratégicas del proceso productivo de las empresas representaron partes clave en la gestión de la crisis y la incertidumbre característica de un ámbito social, económico e industrial en la nueva normalidad para la mayoría de empresas en el mundo (Belitski et al., 2021), lo que a su vez puede representar un importante motivador para que las Mipymes desarrollen e implanten procesos de innovación mediante la introducción de nuevos productos, procesos, estrategias de marketing y de tipo organizacional (Prasetyanto, Destiningsih and Prakoso, 2021). ...
Las micro, pequeñas y medianas empresas (Mipyme) representan un sector estratégico para el desarrollo económico de México, principalmente en términos de fomento del empleo, productividad e innovación tradicional. La mayoría de estas Mipymes enfrentan dificultades relacionadas con el acceso a apoyos de tipo financiero y no financiero, y son especialmente vulnerables a entornos de recesión económica. Debido a un posible escenario de recesión generado por las medidas de contención de la pandemia del sars-Cov-2, el presente trabajo presenta un análisis comparativo entre regiones y gestión de contingencias utilizando la técnica anova y análisis post hoc con test de Tukey. Los resultados muestran que la gestión por contingencias tiene diferencias significativas entre los sectores de manufactura, comercio y servicios, así como en las distintas regiones que agrupan las entidades federativas mexicanas.
... The surge of COVID-19 pandemic brought forward social and economic problems leading to unparalleled uncertainty. It led to more extensive change and pressure that organizations in general and entrepreneurship ventures in particular had to deal with (Belitski et al., 2021). Many companies consequently closed and many others had to change their business model for sustainability purposes. ...
... They influence the society and economy in many ways. Covid-19 pandemic presented unprecedented challenges at different levels affecting many sectors but in particular the service sector which depends heavily on small and medium enterprises and entrepreneurial ventures (Belitski et al., 2021). New business models have emerged and countries had to create new drastic measures to ensure the survival not only of its population but of its industries and economy. ...
... New business models have emerged and countries had to create new drastic measures to ensure the survival not only of its population but of its industries and economy. The emergence of new tools of digital technologies allowed such change in business models and a change in lifestyle (Kritikos et al., 2021). ...
Scope of the paper – The emergence of covid-19 pandemic imposed challenges at different levels and led to drastic measures. The entrepreneurial ecosystem has been affected by the pandemic where the functioning and performance of start-up businesses have been threatened (Andreas et al., 2020). Gender equality, one of the sustainable goals, and essential basis for human right and world’s future (ILO et al., 2014) is not easily attained especially in entrepreneurship ventures where female entrepreneurs experience gender-related discrimination and encounter more challenges than men when it comes to starting and running a business (Rigoni et al, 2021; Bin Shmailan, 2016). Such gap is more pronounced in developing economies despite the rise in initiatives and policies promoting and developing women entrepreneurship (Vossenberg, 2013). The covid-19 pandemic intensified the gap especially in sectors hardest hit by the epidemic where women had to juggle professional and personal obligations (Rigoni et al. 2021; GEM, 2021a). From the other side, GEM latest study revealed that some women entrepreneurs managed to turn the new business context to their advantage (GEM, 2021a). Digital trading platforms have proved consequently to boost women entrepreneurs’ earnings (Roscoe and Ntim, 2021).
Aim of the paper – Lebanon, in the context of the paper, has been affected severely by the epidemic among other economic and social dynamics. Covid-19 restrictions, the Lebanese currency fluctuations, and the decrease in the purchasing power of customers are among the main defies that women-led SMEs face (EU4WE, 2021). This paper aims to assess the main and obstacles that Lebanese women entrepreneurs are currently facing; their financial and non-financial needs; main drivers for starting a business (necessity based or opportunity based), how they turned the new business context to their advantage reference covid-19 pandemic and the current Lebanese economic crisis; the role of digital trading platforms in their business survivals
Methodology/Research design - The paper used mainly primary data where online survey was administrated to female entrepreneurs. Secondary data was referred to as contextual review aiming to better understand the Lebanese entrepreneurial reality in general and that of female entrepreneurs in particular and to provide a comparative tool. The paper is exploratory by nature and hence results will provide a better understanding of female led businesses in Lebanon but does not claim to generalize the results.
Results: Most surveyed females have online businesses in retail, fashion or event management. They were surprisingly opportunity driven at first to become both opportunity and necessity driven after the epidemic with a previous professional experience and good level of education. Most of them seem to come from well eased families with entrepreneurial background. The main challenge faced was identified as being mainly currency fluctuation. Despite challenges imposed by the pandemic, most of them were able to take advantage of the emergence of digital practices. Keywords – Women entrepreneurship, gender gap, covid-19, digital trading platforms, developing countries.
... Studies in this regard were conducted by McKinsey, whose specialists urged "calm and optimism" during this crisis (McKinsey&Company 2020), in parallel with the aim of clarifying the purpose of the existence of each company on the market, as well as the needs of stakeholders. Belitski et al. (2021), on the other hand, state that there are reasons to remain optimistic, given that the adoption of digital technologies can facilitate the achievement of good results at the level of organizations. The role of optimism is very important, given that it is in a direct connection with the health of an individual, therefore, it becomes necessary, especially in the context of the last two years. ...
The issue of business resilience is a topical one, in the context of which a large number of the companies on the market have faced many challenges in the last two years, raising the issue of market survival. But was the Romanian business environment ready to face the COVID-19 crisis? How prepared is it to continue to face the obstacles posed by the pandemic? The purpose of this paper is to identify the main effects that the pandemic has generated on Romanian SMEs, while presenting the results of a study on this topic. We proceeded to determine the level of familiarity of respondents on the evolution of SMEs during the pandemic and the study of their level of interest, on the effects generated by the current epidemiological context, and on the evolution of the business environment, while analysing the level of optimism/pessimism of the respondents, regarding the general evolution of the Romanian business environment. Although some companies are open to implementing change, there is also a significant percentage of firms that, for various reasons, do not consider making major changes in the near future, either because they are not aware of the need for change or out of fear.
... angan pekerjaan, telah diberhentikan atau direhatkan tanpa prospek yang jelas untuk kembali bekerja (Zahra, 2021). Sektor tidak formal kebanyakannya mengalami pengangguran (Pradhan et. al., 2021). Individu yang bekerja sendiri lebih terkesan berbanding individu yang mempunyai majikan, dan perniagaan kecil lebih terkesan berbanding perniagaan besar (Belitski, et. al., 2021). Sesetengah Perusahaan Kecil dan Sederhana juga menderita kerana keseluruhan operasi perniagaan mereka terganggu (Aladhadh, 2021). Krisis yang disebabkan oleh pandemik COVID-19 telah mendorong penutupan beberapa perniagaan, dan mungkin beberapa pintu tidak akan dibuka lagi (Yeganeh, 2021). Banyak syarikat, kedai dan kilang telah ditutup ...
Dalam menuju fasa endemik, terdapat pelbagai cabaran yang menguji keutuhan dan keharmonian keluarga Malaysia sama ada pada peringkat lokal mahupun global. Pada peringkat lokal, ia melibatkan berbagai ruang lingkup kehidupan sama ada cabaran pada lanskap politik, ekonomi, teknologi, kesihatan, agama dan sosiobudaya masyarakat. Manakala pada peringkat global, cabaran ini meliputi isu perubahan cuaca, peperangan dan pelarian, hak asasi manusia dan seumpamanya. Sehubungan itu, kajian ini akan membincangkan tentang cabaran-cabaran pasca pandemik terhadap survival keluarga Malaysia dan perspektif hukum Islam dalam berinteraksi dengannya. Kajian menyimpulkan bahawa cabaran besar terhadap kelestarian keluarga Malaysia dalam pasca pandemik dan ia perlu ditangani dengan berhemah dan perlu kepada pelan bertindak yang holistik.
... In 2020 EU-27 SMEs created 53% of the total value added and 65% of the total employment of EU NFBS (European Commission, 2021). Evidence show that SMEs have been particularly hard hit with the COVID-19 pandemic (see Belitski et al., 2021). 70-80% of SMEs in OECD countries experienced between 30 to 50 % drop in revenues/sales and the share of SMEs employment in the sectors, most affected by the crisis, was 75% on average in OECD economies (OECD 2020(OECD , 2021. ...
... Enterprises should embrace strategic digital reskilling initiatives to become agile, scaling up or down swiftly, entering new markets and leaving old ones. 1 SMEs can use numerous basic and advanced digital technologies or their combinations for various purposes. Enterprise resource planning (ERP) systems are software-based tools for managing and integrating companies' internal and external information flows. ...
The purpose of this paper is to argue the importance of SMEs' digitalisation enhancement for building their resilience in the post-COVID-19 uncertain global business environment. In the qualitative analysis we introduce the prospective trends of new digital global business reality in the post-COVID-19 period, digital technologies and their functionalities, the state of digital technologies adoption among European micro, small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs) and the existent governmental and European Union's (EU) support to SMEs' digitalisation. In the quantitative analysis we explore the extent of digitalisation in the EU, focusing on business digitalisation in Slovenia and Croatia. We found that both, Slovenia, and Croatia are on a promising path towards SMEs' digitalisation, however, some gaps need to be diminished. We propose some requisite policy responses.
Ecosystem emergence has gained the attention of multiple researchers, governments and development experts as a route to establishing linkages between institutions and industries aimed, ultimately, at value creation for the end customer. Ecosystems have been instrumental in the progress of various industries where it would be otherwise difficult for a single organisation to develop. Using the case of the Nigerian digital financial ecosystem, which comprises about forty-three organisations, this study traces and explores the stages of ecosystem emergence: initiation, envisioning, enacting, momentum, control/optimisation and enlivening. The results show that the Nigerian digital financial services (DFS) ecosystem emerged from the need to leverage strategic partnerships across several industries for efficient value creation and delivery. The emergence of the DFS ecosystem, though organic, evolved without any form of design intentionality by the operators and regulators, as most relationships and interactions were loosely coupled. The study highlights the need for ecosystem actors such as governments and regulators to provide more clarity on incentives and ecosystem rules in order to overcome the limitations imposed by system-level and institutional barriers that constrain its legitimacy and growth and the launch of new initiatives.
The emergence of new digital technologies has transformed entrepreneurship and, very likely, enabled many new and established ventures to avoid bankruptcy throughout the COVID-19 pandemic. Digital technologies are key to identifying, evaluating and exploiting opportunities, scaling a venture's competitiveness, improving efficiency and innovating, especially during uncertain times. We explore how digital technologies reinvented entrepreneurial resilience during the COVID-19 pandemic and distill the digital artifacts, platforms and infrastructures used by entrepreneurs to demonstrate entrepreneurial resilience. We analyzed 42 reflective interviews featuring successful entrepreneurs from How I Built This "Resilience Series" podcast that explore how entrepreneurs responded to the COVID-19 crisis. We adopted a systematic approach to identify and describe the behaviors, actions and strategies related to digitalization to reinvent the business in the uncertain and resource-constrained context of COVID-19. The data analysis yielded thirteen first-order codes categorized into five second-order themes: creative digital pivoting, digital infrastructures, social impact through digital technology, burdens to digital adoption, and growth through digitalization. These second-order themes reveal to function as both enablers and barriers to entrepreneurial resilience in this adverse context. Our exploratory analysis suggests how digitalization influences entrepreneurial resilience.
As the COVID-19 pandemic evolves, and hopefully draws to an end, potential entrepreneurs are challenged to reimagine the new normal and develop new models of doing business with a focus on sustainable development, protecting the environment and the public good. Our paper aims to explore if emerging entrepreneurs have been influenced by the pandemic and are considering to conduct business with a social impact, given that values and attitudes about priorities have changed during the pandemic. Based on a questionnaire completed by 286 students at both the bachelor and masters level at the Faculty of Business and Administration of the University of Bucharest in November 2021, we will explore to what extent future entrepreneurs are considering starting a social enterprise. Using descriptive statistics and comparative analysis, we will determine if there has been a change in propensity for social entrepreneurship among students of economics before and since the start of the corona pandemic.KeywordsEmerging entrepreneursSocial entrepreneurshipSocial enterprisesSocial businessPandemic
