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Time and duration of administration of Bhanga (Cannabis sativa Linn.) containing formulations 

Time and duration of administration of Bhanga (Cannabis sativa Linn.) containing formulations 

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Bhavana (impregnation) and Swedana (boiling) are the processes used in Ayurvedic pharmacy for preparation of formulations containing the drugs of metallic, mineral and poisonous origin to make them safe and potent for internal administration. Drugs of herbal origins are primely used for the Bhavana process. Bhanga (Cannabis sativa Linn.) a drug wit...

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... rasa is indicated for Shukrala and Vajeekarana effect has given specific time of administration i.e. afternoon 3 Prahara i.e.3 pm and night 1 st Prahara. (Table 2) Sinduradi Vati mentioned as Vajeekarana and Veeryastambhana purpose should be administered before intercourse along with milk or Bhanga rasa for quick effect of drug. Thus Bhanga is a good drug of choice in maintaining healthy sexual lifestyle for men. ...

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... The media used in these methods change the qualities of the principal ingredients, the major being metal-based compounds. A thorough review has documented that Bhanga has been used for trituration media, i.e., Bhavana (impregnation) in 154 formulations and for Swedana Dravya (boiling media) in three formulations (Tavhare and Acharya 2016). Rasayogasagara has quoted the highest formulations containing Bhanga as Bhavana (impregnation) media, followed by Bruhatrasarajasundara and Rasajalanidhi. ...
... Bhanga has been used in Bhavana (impregnation) form in formulations for forty disease conditions. Maximum formulations have been advocated in the management of Jwara (~pyrexia) followed by Grahani (malabsorption) and Atisara (Diarrhea) (Tavhare and Acharya 2016). Thus, a purified form of Bhanga is therapeutically valuable for gastrointestinal (GI) diseases. ...
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Ayurveda has delineated a unique classification entitled ‘Upavisha varga’ comprising of certain semi-poisonous medicinal plants. Bhanga (Cannabis) is one amongst them in this category depicting its narcotic nature from Sanskrit synonyms. Bhanga has been in use since the Vedic age under the controversial plant of Soma that had special importance due to its mystical effects on the brain. All the texts of Ayurveda have described Bhanga in detail of its pharmacological properties, indications, various dosage forms, doses, pharmacovigilance aspects, and its extensive use in Indian Alchemy. The following review throws light on the occurrence and usage of Bhanga in excerpts from classical texts of Ayurveda from a pharmacological and pharmaceutical point of view thus, providing a rationale for its safe medical usage.KeywordsAyurveda Bhanga CannabisClassicalEvidenceReviewUpavishaVijaya
... [48] The leaves of Gunja (Abrus precatorius) are used to treat cough, fever, and cold. [49,50] Sarpapitta (snake bile) is used in the preparation of 2 of these formulations, they are Anandarasa and Soochimukharasa. ...
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Vatsanabha is Vishavarga dravya mentioned in many of the Ayurveda Samhitas, which is commonly used in Ayurvedic medicinal preparations. It has a property of Jwarahara, Amaghna, Swedajana which is very useful in Jwara cases. The drugs like Parada, Gandhaka, Hingula along with Vatsanabha shows fast action on Jwara. In Ayurveda there are many formulations mentioned with Jwarahara properties. In this article we are studying about 17 Jwarahara Gutika yogas containing Vatsanabha which are mentioned in Sahasrayogam. Purpose of this study is to analyse these Yoga in the aspect of their ingredients, Bhavana dravya, Anupana, Sevana vidhi, and their role in management of Jwara. When we analysing each and every ingredients on these Yogas there are certain similarities in ingredients, Bhavana dravya, Anupana of these medicines. Most of these ingredients have Deepana Pachana karma, Katu Thikta rasa, Ushna veerya, Katu vipaka etc which are beneficial for Samprapti vighatana of Jwara. As Sahasrayogam is a compilation of popular formulations which are commonly used by ancient physicians of Kerala, it is assumed that all of this Yoga were once in practice. These formulations are to be kept in tablet form which is very convenient for their administration, palatability etc. But very few of them are available in market. In this current scenario of Covid pandemic Ayurveda field should rethink about these potent medicines of Jwara for the well being of our community, and further study and clinical trial also needed to know their action on Jwara.
... Cannabis is well reported for aphrodisiac, adaptogenic and immune-modular actions. [61] It helps in nourishing and improvement of body tissue and immunity. Cannabis being appetizer, digestive, tonic, antipyretic, analgesic, aphrodisiac, adaptogen, quick acting, memory tonic etc., helps in skirmishing pain along with associated cluster of symptoms which eventually helps in improving QOL in patients. ...
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Introduction: Pain is a common and complex symptom of cancer having physical, social, spiritual and psychological aspects. Approximately 70%–80% of cancer patients experiences pain, as reported in India. Ayurveda recommends use of Shodhita (Processed) Bhanga (Cannabis) for the management of pain but no research yet carried out on its clinical effectiveness. Objective: To assess the analgesic potential of JalaPrakshalana (Water-wash) processed Cannabis sativa L. leaves powder in cancer patients with deprived quality of life (QOL) through openlabel single arm clinical trial. Materials and Methods: Waterwash processed Cannabis leaves powder filled in capsule, was administered in 24 cancer patients with deprived QOL presenting complaints of pain, anxiety or depression; for a period of 4 weeks; in a dose of 250 mg thrice a day; along with 50 ml of cow’s milk and 4 g of crystal sugar. Primary outcome i.e. pain was measured by Wong-Bakers FACES Pain Scale (FACES), Objective Pain Assessment (OPA) scale and Neuropathic Pain Scale (NPS). Secondary outcome namely anxiety was quantified by Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS), QOL by FACT-G scale, performance score by Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group (ECOG) and Karnofsky score. Results: Significant reduction in pain was found on FACES Pain Scale (P < 0.05), OPA (P < 0.05), NPS (P < 0.001), HADS (P < 0.001), FACT-G scale (P < 0.001), performance status score like ECOG (P < 0.05) and Karnofsky score (P < 0.01). Conclusion: Jalaprakshalana Shodhita Bhanga powder in a dose of 250 mg thrice per day; relieves cancerinduced pain, anxiety and depression significantly and does not cause any major adverse effect and withdrawal symptoms during trial period
... Use of Bhanga, as a levigating media, in the treatment of 40 disease conditions has been reported. [49] It is found that; maximum formulations i.e. 36 [50] Bhanga, being Vyavayi [51] in action, brings fast acting nature to formulation. This is due to its Tikta Rasa which has Aakasha Vayu Mahabhuta (element) composition, Ushna Veerya, Laghu and Teekshna Guna. ...
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Bhanga (Cannabis sativa L.),Cannabinaceae family, an annual herbaceous plant, has been used since millennia as a source of medicine, industrial fibre, seed oil, food,recreation, religious and spiritual moods. This fast-growing plant has recently seen a resurgence of interest because of its wide applications. Ayurveda, the science of life, describing many of the formulation about the pharmaco-clinical application of Bhanga but many of these formulations are not in practice today. Indeed; it is a treasure trove of multi-variant Guna (qualities) and Karma (actions), making it a broad spectrum drug. In this review, the rich spectrum of cannabis is being discussed by putting a special emphasis on the formulations containing cannabis either as a major or a minor ingredient. Available 41 Rasagranthas and 26 Chikitsagrantha and other Ayurvedic treatises were referred with respect to Bhanga’s Adhikara (main indication), Kalpana (dosage forms), Anupana (vehicle), Aushadha Sevana Kala (time and period of administration),Pathya- Apathya(do’s and dont’s),Prayojyanaga (parts used), Karma (action), specific uses and instructions of the formulations. It is observed that, there are 210 formulations which contain Bhanga, out of which 193 are recommended for internal administration and 17 for external applications. Among the formulations indicated for internal administration, 102 contain Bhanga as one of the major ingredient, whereas in 91 formulations, it’s a minor ingredient. Nine formulations of external application are having Bhanga as major ingredient and 8 as minor ingredient.The review represents formulations being indicatedof 45 differentRoga- Adhikara, 22 Kalpana,18 Pathya- Apathya, five different parts used, 49 Karma (action) and few benefits and instruction to be followed during administration of formulations containing Bhanga. Keywords: Ayurveda, Bhanga, Cannabis sativa, Kalpana, Anupana, Matra, Shodhana
... Similarly, also Ayurveda, the traditional natural medical system of India, described several preparations containing cannabis with various other ingredients in different formulations prepared for different types of diseases. For instance at present, several Indian tribes still believe in the use of cannabis as contraceptive to limit their family size [7,8]. On the other side, the potential therapeutic value of synthetic and endogenous cannabinoids, as well as those naturally found in cannabis, appears to be promising in the treatment of poststroke patients [9]. ...
Article
Background: Since ancient times, the use of cannabis as a medicine is well documented due to its potential therapeutic activity while subsequently its use as drug of abuse spread increasingly. Objective: The present review sought to give an insight in the history of medical and recreational use of cannabis in India. Conclusion: Indian use of cannabis dates back to Vedic time, mostly for the ritualistic and religious purposes, as documented in the ancient literature. It was India that introduced the medical use of cannabis to neighboring countries. Nevertheless, in the same India, medical use did not propagate due to religious and social stigma related to the plant itself. The pharmacoactive constituents of cannabis and their therapeutic values in Ayurvetic medicine have been here described together with the adverse effects they can cause with special reference to neurological ones, including withdrawal symptoms. Finally, how cannabis made its route to the Indian society has also been discussed.
... There is no classical evidence that, the formulations containing Bhanga either as an ingredient or as a levigating media can be given in pregnancy. [64] However, Animal studies reports that cannabis exposure during pregnancy may alter the normal processes and trajectories of brain development. [65] Long-term effects of marijuana consumption on prenatal exposure to humans is yet to be explored. ...
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Full-text available
Bhanga (Cannabis sativa L.),Cannabinaceae family, an annual herbaceous plant, has been used since millennia as a source of medicine, industrial fibre, seed oil, food,recreation, religious and spiritual moods. This fast-growing plant has recently seen a resurgence of interest because of its wide applications. Ayurveda, the science of life, describing many of the formulation about the pharmaco-clinical application of Bhanga but many of these formulations are not in practice today. Indeed; it is a treasure trove of multi-variant Guna (qualities) and Karma (actions), making it a broad spectrum drug. In this review, the rich spectrum of cannabis is being discussed by putting a special emphasis on the formulations containing cannabis either as a major or a minor ingredient. Available 41 Rasagranthas and 26 Chikitsagrantha and other Ayurvedic treatises were referred with respect to Bhanga's Adhikara (main indication), Kalpana (dosage forms), Anupana (vehicle), Aushadha Sevana Kala (time and period of administration),Pathya-Apathya(do's and dont's),Prayojyanaga (parts used), Karma (action), specific uses and instructions of the formulations. It is observed that, there are 210 formulations which contain Bhanga, out of which 193 are recommended for internal administration and 17 for external applications. Among the formulations indicated for internal administration, 102 contain Bhanga as one of the major ingredient, whereas in 91 formulations, it's a minor ingredient. Nine formulations of external application are having Bhanga as major ingredient and 8 as minor ingredient.The review represents formulations being indicatedof 45 differentRoga-Adhikara, 22 Kalpana,18 Pathya-Apathya, five different parts used, 49 Karma (action) and few benefits and instruction to be followed during administration of formulations containing Bhanga.
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Ayurveda is the world's oldest and most complete spiritual teachings, as well as the "oldest medicinal system" known to man. Ayurvedic treatments along with natural substances do not have any usual side effects as contemporary drugs. The cannabis plant has been used as a medicine for thousands of years to treat various illnesses including gastrointestinal disorders. Tetrahydrocannabinol (THC) and cannabidiol (CBD) are the most well-known and researched phyto cannabinoids, with impressive therapeutic properties for a variety of neurological, gastrointestinal, ophthalmic, and skin problems. Cannabis and cannabinoids are beneficial in healing the sign and symptoms of several gastrointestinal diseases, according to research, in part because they interact with the digestive tracts endogenous cannabinoid receptors. This could help in relaxing pain and cramps, reducing discomfort, and improving motility. Many Indian classical formulations were found cannabis is used processing agent in pharmaceuticals. For the treatment of GI issues, there are some popular cannabis-based ayurveda or herbal formulations on the market. CBD levels are frequently higher in medical marijuana, while THC levels are lower. For certain people, the therapeutic CBD is desirable for medicinal purposes, but the psychoactive THC may be needless and undesired. There are numbers of traditional cannabis formulations on the market that lack standardised quality control parameters and methods of evaluation.So, there is a need to develop a standardization technique with special reference to CBD and THC content to include this system of medicine in the main stream of health science. Standardization of popular Ayurvedic or herbal formulations is essential in order to assess the quality, safety, efficacy of that.
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Background: Cannabis (Bhanga) has been extensively explored in research for therapeutic benefits. Out of 80+ phyto-cannabinoid detected till date; out of which Tetrahydrocannabinol (THC), Cannabidiol (CBD) and Cannabinol (CBN) are therapeutically important. Psychotropic concern about cannabis is a majorly attributed to THC presence. For reducing intoxicant effect, Ayurveda recommends processing (Shodhana) of cannabis. Objectives: To evaluate impact of cannabis leaves processing techniques through pharmacognosy, photochemistry and chromatography. Material and methods: Four different processing methods; namely water-immersion (Jala-nimajjana) (JN), water-wash (Jala-prakshalana) (JP), boiling in cow’s milk (Godugdha-Swedana) (GS) and boiling in decoction of Acacia arabica (Babbul twak Kwatha-Swedana) (BKS) were performed as mentioned in Ayurveda classics. Water and ethanol extract of respective sample and processing media were prepared. Processed samples were evaluated for physicochemical, qualitative and chromatographic studies (HPTLC) and comparative evaluation was done against markers THC, CBD and CBN. Results: Processed samples showed variation in physico-chemical parameters. Functional groups like carbohydrates, phenols and steroids retained after processing in all samples. Additionally; protein and tannin groups were found in samples processed by GS and BKS method. Processing of cannabis reduced THC, CBD and CBN from samples and which transferred to media as quantified through HPTLC. In GS method, no maker visualized through HPTLC. This may be due to changes in nature of molecules caused by boiling. Reduction of THC found highest in JP (31%) followed by JN (18%) and BKS (16%) method. Conclusion: Processing showed changes in physicochemical parameters of cannabis leaves and reduces its THC content;thus; reducing its intoxicant effect without altering presence of functional group.
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Bhanga (Indian hemp, pot, dope) is a Neurotoxic cerebral deliriant poison, obtained from Cannabis sativa. It is dioecious flowering herb, in which female plant contains more Cannabinoid than male. It produces a gummy, amorphous resin, cannabinone. It is enclosed under Narcotic drugs and psychotropic substances (NDPS) Act 1985. The various forms of Cannabis sativa are bhanga (sidhi, patti or sabji), majun, ganja and charas. It has many therapeutic uses; it acts as sedative and so many misuse of bhanga reported since ancient time. It is one of the most commonly used illicit drug since ages. It has been used for the treatment of several diseases and disorders by communities from all over the world. Studies shows that Cannabis sativa is having numerous pharmacological actions on human and animal trials. It is regulated by law in our country. Its management has been mentioned in various samhita and modern science.