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The influence of differently tanned and finished bovine leather on thermophysiological properties was investigated. In addition, it was investigated whether sampling has a significant influence on the thermophysiological properties. The back of the tested leathers is thicker than the neck because of better microstructure regularity and uniformity a...
Citations
... These data are in line with European statistics, according to which tanneries located in this part of the world mainly produce bovine leather, with a share of more than 80 % [2]. This is because this type of leather can be used to manufacture a wide variety of products [19]. ...
This article presents the results of a study on the current state and evaluation of the Polish tanning industry, focusing on its production characteristics. The research sample included 220 companies that were contacted to gather information about their operations. Some of these companies have been suspended, liquidated, or have changed their business profiles. Approximately 30 % confirmed that they are still active in leather manufacturing, indicating that the Polish tanning industry is experiencing a process of deindustrialization. Surveys conducted in 20 companies revealed that Polish tanneries operate on national, European, and global scales. Most of them are micro or small enterprises with annual revenues of up to PLN 5 million. The primary factor defining their competitiveness is the high quality of the products and services they offer. They mainly process calfskin and cowhides sourced from Poland and abroad, primarily for the footwear sector. Polish tanneries are aware of global trends, including the industry's shift towards ecological practices, the adoption of modern technologies, and the introduction of innovations. Given the current challenges facing the Polish tanning industry, it is essential to take action to improve the health of this sector of the economy.
... Adversely to SACC, when Di-ald-SACC was employed, pickling to pH 4.5-5.0 in the presence of 6-8 wt% sodium chloride was necessary since no chlorine atoms are present on the triazine and no HCl is formed during tanning, allowing for pickle-less processes. Ts of tanned leather prepared in the presence of 4 wt% of Di-ald-SACC reached 79 • C ± 4 • C, comparable to SACC but considerably lower to those achieved with SACC/Wattle combination system (Cui and Qiang, 2019;Kopitar et al., 2022;Xiao et al., 2023a). ...
