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Then a Miracle Occurs. Copyrighted artwork by Sydney Harris Inc. All materials used with permission.

Then a Miracle Occurs. Copyrighted artwork by Sydney Harris Inc. All materials used with permission.

Context in source publication

Context 1
... conclusion, misapplying age-dating relationships that have been published brings to mind the classic Sydney Harris blackboard illustration linking a starting position to a desired outcome (Figure 2). The lessons are clear. ...

Citations

Chapter
The gap between what is known from research, to applying that research in real-life situations is referred to as, the implementation gap. Implementation science has developed as a discipline to address this gap. It seeks to understand and map the processes to take what is known from scientific evidence and to bring this evidence to inform and improve policy and practice. As essential aspect of sustaining successful implementation is an adequate monitoring and evaluation system. Furthermore, a failure to monitor and evaluate is a failure to provide good governance. This chapter explores the application and practical use of a range of common implementation science frameworks. It provides details on the enablers and barriers during the various stages of implementation and on cycles of improvement. The chapter explains the steps for a successful evaluation and how data can be generated for this. This includes indicator data from a monitoring system. The chapter concludes with two practical case studies, one describing a program to increase PhD education within healthcare and one to increase clinical research outputs with an example from an HIV/AIDS clinic.
Article
Electrical doping of organic semiconductors (OSCs) can be achieved using simple one-electron reductants and oxidants as n- and p-dopants, respectively, but for such dopants, increased doping strength is accompanied by increased sensitivity to ambient moisture and/or oxygen. “Indirect” or “complex” dopants—defined here as those that generate OSC radical cations or anions via pathways more complex than a single simple electron transfer, i.e., by multistep reactions—represent a means of circumventing this problem. This review highlights the importance of understanding the reaction mechanisms by which such dopants operate for: (i) ensuring a researcher knows the composition of a doped material; (ii) predicting the thermodynamic feasibility of achieving doping with related dopant:OSC combinations; and (iii) predicting whether thermodynamically feasible doping reactions are likely to be rapid or slow, or to require subsequent activation. The mechanistic information available to date for some of the wide variety of complex n- and p-dopants that have been reported is then reviewed, emphasizing that in many cases our knowledge is far from complete.