Figure 8 - uploaded by Sri Sudewi
Content may be subject to copyright.
The qualitative analysis of endophytic bacteria isolates to solubilize phosphate on Pikovskaya medium with the addition of Bromophenol blue 0.01 g L -1

The qualitative analysis of endophytic bacteria isolates to solubilize phosphate on Pikovskaya medium with the addition of Bromophenol blue 0.01 g L -1

Source publication
Article
Full-text available
Sudewi S, Ala A, Baharuddin, Farid M. 2020. The isolation, characterization endophytic bacteria on from roots of local rice plant Kamba in Central Sulawesi, Indonesia. Biodiversitas 21: 1614-1624. The local Kamba rice plants are cultivated by the Bada Valley people for generations by obtaining seeds from previous crops. This rice plant is able to s...

Contexts in source publication

Context 1
... ability of endophytic bacteria isolates to dissolve phosphate was qualitatively determined by culturing bacterial isolates in Pikovskaya solid media modified with the addition of Bromophenol blue 0.01 g L -1 . The test results showed that 19 isolates of endophytic bacteria were shown to be able to form clear zones around bacterial colonies on solid Pikovskaya media (Figure 8) with different clear zone diameters and colony diameters (Table 2). Indicator of the ability of bacteria to dissolve phosphate is characterized by its ability to grow on solid Pikovskaya media and form clear zones around the colony. ...
Context 2
... best phosphate solvent bacteria's ability to produce the diameter of the halo zone with the largest area compared to other bacteria isolates colonies, while isolates that do not form clear zones are unable to dissolve phosphate. The results showed that all endophytic bacteria isolates were able to dissolve phosphates with different colony diameters and clear zone diameters produced ( Figure 8; Table 2). ...

Similar publications

Article
Full-text available
Endophytic bacteria are microorganisms that thrive in plant tissue without causing any negative effects to the host plants. The purpose of this study was to apply endophytic bacteria that have the potential to produce IAA hormones as biological agents in rice seeds. This research was conducted by testing IAA hormone using a spectrophotometer, testi...

Citations

... This causes DNA to come out of the cell and form slimy threads when removed from the surface of the slide. In contrast, Gram-positive bacteria do not form threads when removed from the surface of the slide because of their thick Peptidoglycan layer, so these bacteria do not lyse easily when dropped with a 3% KOH solution (Sudewi et al., 2020). The catalase reaction test yielded positive catalase results of 83.33%, while catalase negatives were 16.66% ( Table 2). ...
... Hallmann et al. [57] stated that crop rotation factors and soil conditions influence the population structure of bacteria. Another factor according to Sudewi et al. [58] is the presence of phytopathogens from the location of endophytic bacteria collection. ...
Article
Full-text available
Stem base rot (SBR) disease caused by Phytophthora capsici Leonian is associated with significant yield loss. Meanwhile, wild passion fruit (Passiflora foetida L.) interacts with bacteria that have potential to control SBR disease. Therefore, this research aimed to examine potential of endophytic bacteria from wild passion fruit to control SBR disease in pepper plant and the role as growth promoters. A total of 12 endophytic bacteria isolates were tested for potential to promote growth and biocontrol, focusing on the ability to produce the phytohormone IAA, dissolve phosphate, fix nitrogen, as well as produce cellulase and protease enzymes. The three best isolates were then tested on pepper cuttings (Var. Malonan I). The results showed that the highest disease severity was found in control at 40.74% (moderately susceptible), followed by isolate KSA 01 at 37.03%, and SIB 01 at 33.33% (resistant). Disease severity in isolate KPA 03 was significantly lower at 7.41% (very resistant). The highest disease incidence occurred in control and KSA 03 at 44.44%, while the lowest occurred in KPA 03 and SIB 02 at 33.33%. Isolate KPA 03 produced the highest plant height increase (39.87 cm) and the highest number of leaves (5.78), although it was not significantly different from isolate SIB 02. This research showed that endophytic bacteria from wild passion fruit could effectively control SBR disease and improve pepper plant growth.
... Endophytic bacteria isolated from the roots of local rice plant from Indonesia showed a very effective result in IAA production and phosphate solubilisation (18). ...
Chapter
Full-text available
Endophytic bacteria are those which live inside the plant tissue without harming the plants and can be isolated from almost all parts of the plant like roots, leaves, stems, fruits, seeds, flowers etc. These microbes were found to help the host plant in disease management, environmental stress tolerance and also help the plant in their growth and development. Previousy, it was suggested that the use of endophytic bacteria as a biofertilizer can replace the use of several agrochemicals in agriculture. Endophytic bacteria like Herbaspirillum sp., Methylobacteriumsp., and Brevundimonassp. isolated from tea plant showed distinct plant growth promoting activities. The main aim of this chapter is to discuss about the endophytic bacteria isolated from different plants and their growth promotion activities. Additionally, it will be discussed about how endophytic bacteria help plants to cope with different environmental stresses and manage their diseases.
... Proses pelatihan dilakukan dengan mempraktekkan langsung cara membuat pupuk organik cair dengan bahan dasar limbah urin sapi serta bahan-bahan lain yang mudah diperoleh. Bahan yang digunakan berupa urin sapi 2 L, air kelapa 2 L, air cucian beras 1 liter, gula merah 0,5 kg yang diencerkan berperan sebagai sumber energi bagi pertumbuhan mikroorganisme (Pramana, Setiyo & Aviantara, 2018), serta starter pengganti EM4 yaitu BioDera M-6 sebanyak 250 mL yang merupakan bioaktivator hasil penelitian (Sudewi et al., 2020;Sudewi et al., 2021;Ratnawati et al., 2019). ...
Article
Full-text available
Taruna Mas Farmer Group of Poboya Village, Palu City is an active farmer group in carrying out livestock business and still uses chemical fertilisers and pesticides in its agricultural cultivation process. Livestock waste generated from the business is currently not optimally utilised, even though it has the potential to be used as a base material for making solid and liquid organic fertiliser. The Community Service Activity (PKM) in Poboya Village aims to provide motivation, solutions and increase knowledge, understanding, and skills to farmer groups in the utilisation and manufacture of cow urine waste into environmentally friendly liquid organic fertiliser through a fermentation process. The methods applied in this PKM activity include a) Providing Material / Counselling; b) Training and Assistance; c) Demonstration Stages; d) Indicators of Success; e) Monitoring and Evaluation. The results of the activities carried out went well in accordance with the expected target objectives. There was a significant increase in participants' understanding, knowledge and skills by 98%. This can be seen from the enthusiasm during the activity process and after the activity ends through monitoring and evaluation. The use of cow urine waste into liquid organic fertiliser is an alternative effort to reduce farmers' dependence on the use of chemical fertilisers and pesticides. Abstrak Kelompok Tani Taruna Mas Kelurahan Poboya Kota Palu merupakan kelompok tani aktif dalam melaksanakan usaha peternakan dan masih menggunakan pupuk serta pestisida kimia dalam proses budidaya pertaniannya. Limbah peternakan yang dihasilkan dari usaha tersebut saat ini belum termanfaatkan secara optimal, padahal berpotensi untuk digunakan sebagai bahan dasar pembuatan pupuk organik padat dan cair. Kegiatan Pengabdian Kepada Masyarakat (PKM) di Kelurahan Poboya bertujuan untuk memberikan motivasi, solusi dan meningkatkan pengetahuan, pemahaman, serta kecakapan kepada kelompok tani dalam pemanfaatan dan pembuatan limbah urin sapi menjadi pupuk organik cair yang ramah lingkungan melalui proses fermentasi. Adapun metode yang diterapkan dalam kegiatan PKM ini meliputi a) Pemberian Materi/Penyuluhan; b) Pelatihan dan Pendampingan; c) Tahapan Demonstrasi; d) Indikator Keberhasilan; e) Monitoring dan Evaluasi. Hasil kegiatan yang dilaksanakan berjalan baik sesuai dengan target tujuan yang diharapkan. Terjadi peningkatan pemahaman, pengetahuan serta keterampilan peserta yang signifikan sebesar 98%. Hal ini terlihat dari antusias selama proses kegiatan berlangsung serta setelah kegiatan berakhir melalui monitoring dan evaluasi. Pemanfaatan limbah urin sapi menjadi pupuk organik cair merupakan sebuah alternatif upaya dalam mengurangi ketergantungan petani terhadap penggunaan pupuk dan pestisida kimia. PENDAHULUAN Fenomena yang hingga saat ini terjadi dan masih banyak dijumpai di lapangan dalam proses budidaya tanaman adalah ketergantungan petani terhadap penggunaan pupuk dan pestisida kimia (an organik). Walaupun harga pupuk kimia yang semakin hari semakin melambung tinggi serta sulit untuk diperoleh justru tidak menyurutkan niat sebagian besar petani untuk menggunakan pupuk tersebut dalam budidaya pertaniannya. Ketergantungan, aplikasinya yang praktis serta
... Testing the morphological characteristics of the colony which included color, form, elevation, and edge were the characterization procedures [13]. The bacteria that were presumptive on B. glumae as described by Aflaha et al. [6], Coenye and Vandamme [14], and Singh and Vishunavat [15] were chosen to perform physiological characterization. ...
Article
Full-text available
Bacterial Grain Rot caused by Burkholderia glumae is an important disease of rice. In South Sulawesi, this seed-borne pathogen has been detected in several places. There were some reports from the farmers regarding rice yield loss due to this disease. This study aimed to isolate and characterize morpho-physiologically bacterium causing grain rot of rice in the main rice-producing areas of Gowa Regency, South Sulawesi. Samples were obtained from 10 districts. Several grains of rice were isolated and grown in King’s B medium. Morphological characteristics were determined by the color, form, edge, and elevation of colonies. KOH solubility, catalase test, anaerobic growth, toxoflavin production assay, production of fluorescent pigment, and colony color on YDC medium were performed to determine physiological characteristics. 1 isolate from each area was found which has similar morphological traits to B. glumae . Colonies that were yellow, yellowish white, creamy white, and grayish white, with a circular form, entire edge, and convex elevation. The result of physiological characterization showed that all isolates tested positive for KOH solubility and catalase test as well. All isolates showed negative reactions for anaerobic growth, production of fluorescent pigment, and colony color on YDC medium. 5 isolates were able to produce yellow pigment (toxoflavin), so it can be concluded that all of the isolates that have been characterized morpho-physiologically are presumably confirmed as B. glumae .
... The structure of the cell wall was the cause of this variation. Grampositive bacteria have peptidoglycan-based cell walls, whereas, Gram-negative bacteria have lipid-based cell walls (Sudewi et al., 2020). ...
Article
Phosphate-solubilizing and nitrogen-fixing bacteria are crucial in increasing soil fertility and restoring soil properties damaged by salinity and other abiotic environmental factors. The presented study aims to explore and identify the morphological characteristics of phosphate-solubilizing and nitrogen-fixing bacteria in saline soil. This study took place from August until November 2022 in the field and laboratory of the Faculty of Agriculture, Universitas Muhammadiyah Sumatera Utara, Medan, Indonesia. Isolation of potential microbes proceeded to characterize phosphate-solubilizing and nitrogen-fixing bacteria. Sampling began with the soil planted with rice and palm oil at the sampling location. Morphological parameters observed were color, form, margin, surface, and elevation of pure colonies. The result showed that exploring various species in saline soil revealed 19 colonies and 14 cells of phosphate-solubilizing bacteria and 16 colonies and 14 cells of nitrogen-fixing bacteria. The pure colonies of the phosphate-solubilizing and nitrogen-fixing bacteria showed differences in the morphological characteristics, i.e., color, form, margin, surface, and elevation. The potential microbes obtained sought to increase soil fertility and crop production.
... The physiological characterization of bacteria was carried out by several tests, including: the gram test using 3% KOH solution and bacterial gram staining (Mu'minah et al. 2015;Begum et al. 2017); the oxidase test used Sigma strip oxidase contains plastic strips with a paper zone saturated with a solution of N,N-dimethyl-1,4phenylene diamine and alpha-naphthol, catalase test (Sudewi et al. 2020); oxidation fermentation test, tolerance test for temperature conditions of 37-40°C and acid using 5% NaCl, fried egg colony test on PDA media (Thakkar et al. 2016); sensitivity test to 15 µg erythromycin antibiotic (Kanzil et al. 2015), and fluorescent pigment production using King's B media (Nepali et al. 2018). In addition, enzyme activity tests were conducted on the ability of bacteria to produce enzymes: protease, lecithinase, and pectolytic enzymes, following the methods of Boluk et al. (2021), Thakur et al. (2021) and Kumvinit and Akarapisan (2019). ...
Article
Full-text available
Morpho-physiological and molecular characteristics of bacteria causing stalk rot disease on corn in Gorontalo, Indonesia. Biodiversitas 24: 1749-1758. Stalk rot disease was observed in corn in Gorontalo with typical symptoms, such as soft rot on the stalk, leaf wilting, and plant death. This study aimed to characterize the bacteria causing stalk rot disease in corn. Samples of infected plants were collected and identified morphologically, physiologically, and molecularly. The results showed that nine bacterial isolates were isolated from infected plants. All nine isolates showed positive hypersensitive responses on tobacco leaves. In comparison, only two bacterial isolates (BGO1 and BGO4) were positive on pathogenicity tests on corn. However, the BGO4 isolate caused the highest disease incidence with a faster incubation period. The BGO4 isolate was gram-negative with white-gray colored colonies. Physiological characterization of BGO4 also showed: positive catalase and indole, oxidase negative, fermentative oxidation, caused soft rot on potato, non-fluorescent, and sensitive to erythromycin. In addition, it can grow at 37-40°C and 5% NaCl, producing protease and lecithinase enzymes. The BGO4 also isolates infected rice, corn, sorghum, foxtail millet, celery, and Aloe vera. Morpho-physiology characteristics and diagnostic amplification of DNA by PCR using the Dickeya-specific primers (ADE1/ADE2) showed that the isolate belongs to the genus Dickeya. Further molecular characterization by analysis of the 16S rDNA using universal primer 27F/1497R successfully amplified the DNA band of BGO4 isolate measuring ±1300 bp. Phylogenetic analysis showed that it was in the same group as Dickeya zeae strain MS32 from Taiwan, strain DZ15SB01 (Thailand), and strain HNJF02 (China), with the coefficient of genetic distance ranging from 0.001 to 0.002. This study is the first report of D. zeae infecting corn in Gorontalo.
... Some research has demonstrated that PGPB can be effective in increasing the production of phytohormones (e.g., auxins, cytokinins, and gibberellins) (Sudewi et al. 2020). The production of some phytohormones, such as ABA, by PGPB can be due to aquaporin upregulation under stress conditions (Krishnamoorthy et al. 2022). ...
Article
Full-text available
Seed coating is considered one of the best methods to promote sustainable agriculture where the physical and physiological properties of seeds can be improved to facilitate planting, increase growth indices and alleviate abiotic and biotic stresses. Several methods of seed coating are used to attain good application uniformity and adherence in the seed coating process. Seed coating has been tested in seeds of various plant species with different dimensions, forms, textures, and germination types. Plant beneficial microorganisms (PBM), such as rhizobia, bacteria, and fungi inoculated via seed inoculation can increase seed germination, plant performance and tolerance across biotic (e.g., pathogens and pests) and abiotic stress (e.g., salt, drought, and heavy metals) while reducing the use of agrochemical inputs. In this review, the microbial seed coating process and their ability to increase seed performance and protect plants from biotic and abiotic stresses are well discussed and highlighted in sustainable agricultural systems.
... Gram-positive bacteria have thick and rigid cell walls because they are composed of peptidoglycan with more composition than Gram-negative bacteria have thin cell walls, so the Potassium Hydroxide used in the test will more easily break down the cell walls of Gram-negative bacteria. Sudewi et al. 2020). The catalase test on bacterial isolates found that 15 isolates reacted positively and one isolate reacted negatively. ...
Article
Full-text available
Ratnawati, Sudewi S, Jaya K, Saleh AR. 2022. Microbial exploration from two different ecosystems in Central Sulawesi, Indonesia. Biodiversitas 23: 6089-6096. A supportive growing environment and the presence of microbes in the soil are considered good habitats for plant growth. Endophytic microbes live in symbiosis (mutual benefit) with their host plants, both in the stem and root tissues of plants, providing defense services in biotic and abiotic stress situations. This study was aimed to identify various microbes that exist in various agricultural cultivation ecosystems in Central Sulawesi. Microbial sampling was obtained from healthy plant tissues (endophytes) and rhizosphere in lowland rice and shallot plantation ecosystems. The sample obtained was then weighed as much as 5 g and surface sterilized for further isolation by serial dilution method to be spread on NA (Nutrient Agar) media for bacteria, and PDA (Potato Dextrose Agar) for fungi. The microbes that had grown were re-isolated to obtain pure isolate culture of microbes. The results showed that 8 isolates from the rhizosphere and 4 isolates as endophytes in the ecosystem of organic rice fields were recorded. The fungal isolates from the shallot plantation "Lembah Palu" found as many as 12 isolates from rhizosphere and 4 isolates as endophytes. The results of macroscopic and microscopic characteristics on fungal isolates identified as the species of Trichoderma, Fusarium, Penicillium, Gliocladium and Aspergillus.
... Take 1 ml of the milled solution, put in 9 ml of sterile distilled water, and make the dilution 10 -1 -10 -6 , for 0.1 ml of bacterial suspension was taken from a dilution of 10 -2 -10 -6 and planted in a Petri dish containing NA media, spread plate method and incubated at 28°C for 24 hours. Each colony that grows periodically is purified by the streak plate method (Sudewi et al. 2020). Each colony was refreshed in Nutrient Agar media and Luria Bertani liquid media, then stored in 25% glycerol stock, and frozen in a freezer at -80°C (Arora & Verma, 2017). ...
Article
Full-text available
Abstrak Bakteri mampu menghasilkan siderofor umtuk mengkelat besi dalam lingkungan dan digunakan oleh tanaman sebagai kofaktor dalam pembentukan klorofil untuk pembentukan glukosa. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mendapatkan bakteri penghasil siderofor tinggi dari akar nanas Simadu, Kabupaten Subang Provinsi Jawa Barat. Bakteri diisolasi dari akar nanas Simadu, kemudian diseleksi dengan membedakan morfologinya dan diidentifikasi sebagai penghasil siderofor pada media Chrome Azurol S (CAS). Diperoleh 10 isolat bakteri (M1 sampai dengan M10) yang mampu menghasilkan siderofor. Isolat bakteri M7 memiliki kemampuan menghasilkan siderofor tertinggi. Isolat M7 teridentifikasi sebagai bakteri Gram negatif. Hasil analisis pohon filogenetik berdasarkan sekuensing 16S rDNA menunjukkan isolat kelompok genus Providencia. Dibandingkan dengan Providencia vermicola , isolat standar dari InaCC yang berasal dari akar Curcuma zedoaria, M7 menunjukkan produksi siderofor yang lebih tinggi pada media LB pada kondisi aerobik.[Kata kunci: Isolasi bakteri, Providencia, akumulasi siderofor, akar nanas Simadu Subang]Abstract Bacteria can produce siderophores for chelating iron in environments and are used by plants as an ingredient cofactor in building chlorophyll for glucose production. This study aims to obtain high siderophore-producing bacteria from the roots of pineapple Simadu, Subang District, West Java Province. Bacteria were isolated from Simadu pineapple roots, then selected by distinguishing their morphology and identified as producing siderophores with Chrome Azurol S (CAS) media. Obtained 10 bacterial isolates (M1 to M10) capable of producing siderophores. Bacterial isolate M7 had the highest siderophore production ability. M7 isolate was identified as Gram-negative bacteria. The results of the phylogenetic tree analysis based on 16S rDNA sequencing showed this isolate as the genus Providencia. Compared to the Providencia vermicola as reference isolate from InaCC derived from the roots of Curcuma zedoaria, M7 showed higher siderophore production in LB media under aerobic conditions.[Keywords: Bacteria isolation, Providencia, siderophore accumulation, Simadu Subang pineapple root]