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The probability of detection of mule deer during migratory and non-migratory seasons (fall 2017 = F17, fall 2018 = F18, spring 2018 = SP18, spring 2019 = SP19, summer 2017 = SU2017, summer 2018 = SU18, winter 2017-2018 = W17, winter 2018-2019 = W18) based on the occupancy model including the effects of migration seasons and underpass location. We collected data at 6 camera sites in 3 underpasses at Hallelujah Junction Wildlife Area, Sierra County, California, USA, June 2017-June 2019. The error bars represent 95% confidence intervals.
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Roadways may pose barriers to long‐distance migrators such as some ungulates. Highway underpasses mitigate wildlife‐vehicle collisions and can be an important management tool for protecting migration corridors. In northern California, 3 underpasses were built on United States Route 395 (Route 395) in Hallelujah Junction Wildlife Area (HJWA) in the...
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Citations
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