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The number of cells of dinophytes of the genus Prorocentrum in the stomachs of mussels, cells/mussel.
Source publication
The aim of this work was to study the role of microalgae of the genus Prorocentrum in the diet of the Black Sea mussel Mytilus galloprovincialis . The work analyzed the qualitative and quantitative composition of dinophytes of the genus Prorocentrum: P. compressum, P. cordatum, P. micans, P. scutellum, P. pusillum, P. balticum, P. maximum, P. lima...
Contexts in source publication
Context 1
... stomach fullness of mussels with dinophytes of the genus Prorocentrum varied from 67 to 50,000 cells/mussel (Figure 4). In December, the fullness reached maximum values of 50,000 cells/mussel, more than 50% of which was P. micans, about 30% -P. ...
Context 2
... January, the proportion of P. micans in stomachs was similar, but with a smaller number of cells, and the proportion of P. compressum increased to 37%, while P. micans remained dominant in plankton. In February, when the total number of microalgae cells in the stomachs of mussels decreased to 4000 cells/mussel, the number of P. compressum cells reached the highest value of 90% (Figure 4, 5), while being absent in the phytoplankton composition, where 80% cells accounted for P. cordatum ( Figure 6). In the spring, the number of cells of microalgae in the stomachs ranged from 400 to 1500 cells/mussel. ...
Context 3
... and 67 cells/mussel -P. cordatum (Figure 4, 5). At the same time, P. balticum cells continued to dominate in plankton (more than 40%) ( Figure 6). ...
Context 4
... lima, a producer of domoic acid and ciguatoxin, which cause diarrheal shellfish and ciguatera fish poisoning in humans, was found in the stomachs of mussels only in August, its number in the stomachs of mussels averaged 40 cells/mussel (1-2%). This species was not recorded in plankton (Figure 4-6). ...
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Citations
... From these, Cowan & Huisman (2015) chose P. bidens as an accepted name for D. compressa sensu Stein (1883), advocated by Josef Schiller himself, who later considered P. bidens to be a synonym of P. compressum (Schiller, 1933). It is worth noting that the scientific community did not follow this conclusion (or is not even aware of the problem) as since 2015, published reports of the species use without exception P. compressum but not P. bidens (Baytut et al., 2016;Caroppo et al., 2017;Mao et al., 2021;MucinoMárquez et al., 2018;Pospelova & Priimak, 2021). ...
The genus Prorocentrum is diverse and comprises mostly marine dinoflagellates with a worldwide distribution. One large, common and easily recognizable planktonic species of Prorocentrum was known for a long time as P. compressum. This name, however, is incorrectly linked to a basionym of a diatom. The confusing taxonomy of the now also lectotypified diatom name was recently resolved, and the next younger available name, Prorocentrum bidens, was proposed for the dinoflagellate species. Based on multiple strains from various localities we here provide the first detailed morphological study of P. bidens thereby propagating the correct nomenclature of this species. The cells of one strain differed consistently from material assigned to P. bidens, and Prorocentrum bisaeptum sp. nov. is described here to represent this closely related species. Both species possessed two pyrenoids per chloroplast and shared the arrangement of ten periflagellar platelets, including subdivisions of platelets 6 and 8. Cells of both species were either fully motile or, in an encapsulated stage, enclosed with actively beating flagella in a hyaline flexible envelope bounded by a thin surface layer. Prorocentrum bisaeptum differs from P. bidens by a more elongated shape of the cells and by a smooth (not foveate) surface of the thecal plates. Most importantly, one to four cells of P. bisaeptum are consistently enclosed within two nesting envelopes, whereas there is only one such structure tightly surrounding one or two cells of P. bidens. This study increases and improves our knowledge of the diversity within this important group of planktonic organisms.
Owing to its particular mixotrophic nutrition, Prorocentrum cf. balticum has recently been suggested to contribute significantly to the biological pump in the world’s oceans. However, the physiological attributes that facilitate its distribution have not yet been investigated. We clarified the effects of temperature and light intensity on the growth of a strain of P. cf. balticum isolated from the Oyashio-Kuroshio Mixed Water region and then estimated its potential habitat in the western North Pacific in the context of global warming. In batch cultures maintained at 5°C–30°C, the highest growth was observed at 25°C, while the viable temperature range was estimated to be 6.03°C–29.4°C. At the six different light conditions tested (20–500 µmol m⁻² s⁻¹), growth rates were positively correlated with light intensity, except at 500 µmol m⁻² s⁻¹ where photoinhibition was observed. At 20°C, the maximum specific growth rate was calculated to be 0.661 day⁻¹ and the compensation light intensity and the saturation light intensity were 1.15 and 283 µmol m⁻² s⁻¹, respectively. These findings suggested that compared to other Prorocentrum species, P. cf. balticum is generally well suited to subtropical environments characterized by high light intensities. However, the potential to survive in mid-latitude environments that experience low temperatures during winter suggests a high probability of year-round occurrence at higher latitudes, including the Oyashio region, in the future.
The results of long-term monitoring of the abundance and biomass of Artemia on the example of several model lakes in the south of Western Siberia are presented. Based on this, conclusions are drawn about the dynamics of the density of Artemia crustaceans characteristic of shallow lakes of temperate climate, associated with low live birth: a high number Artemia shrimps of the first generation and a low following. It is proposed to inoculate naupliuses in lakes during the period of catastrophic decline in the number of crustaceans, which will create a new powerful generation of Artemia. The results of such experiments are shown on the example of two lakes for two years. An assumption is made about the possibility of using this technology of aquaculture of artemia in other temperate countries. Laboratory and field studies on reducing the incubation time of cysts and early release into the brine of lakes are presented. The influence of brine salinity of lakes on the results of early release of nauplius and non-hatched cysts is shown. The technology of reducing the incubation period of cysts can be used in subtropical and tropical climate.
