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Myricetin (Myc) is one of the most important flavonoids in diet due to its abundance in foods with the highest antioxidant activity. The antioxidant activity of Myc was studied in cell-free and cell-based systems to evaluate the ROS protection efficiency of Myc. The studies were based on the assessment of reducing power of Myc according to ferric i...
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Context 1
... the efficient suppression of intracellular ROS production by Myc indicates that this compound enters the cells and acts with strong radical scavenging potency in the polar intracellular environment. Moreover, the cell membrane permeability of Myc was evaluated based on simultaneous DCF fluorescence changes that are indicated in Table 1. More importantly, we observed an immediate decrease in DCF fluorescence after the addition of 0.1 and 0.2 μM Myc which implies the rapid penetration of Myc into cells and suppression of ROS generation. ...
Citations
... Similarly, myricetin (Myr) is another flavonol commonly found as a glycoside form (O-glycosides) in nuts, berries, fruits, vegetables, herbs, and alcoholic beverages with antiinflammatory and anti-oxidant properties [90][91][92]. Western blot and gelatin zymography analyses revealed that Myr treatment effectively suppressed MMP-2 and MMP-9 activity in MDA-Mb-231Br breast cancer cells summarized in Table 2. ...
... 50%) was observed. Additionally, Myr significantly downregulated mRNA expression of MMP-2 and MMP-9 in a dose-dependent manner [90][91][92][93]. ...
... Down regulation (↓/↓) Down regulation (↓/↓) MDA-Mb-231Br cells [90][91][92][93] Luteolin (Lut) is a flavonoid belonging to the flavone subclass, commonly found in tea, fruits, and vegetables. It is known for its anti-inflammatory, anti-allergic, antimutagenic, and anti-oxidant properties [94][95][96][97]. ...
Cancer remains a prevalent global health concern, with key factors such as diet, environment, and genetics playing significant roles in its progression. Matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs), particularly MMP-2 and MMP-9, play a critical role in cancer progression by degrading the extracellular matrix, thereby facilitating tumor growth and metastasis. Wine contains various bioactive compounds, including caffeic acid, gallic acid, kaempferol, naringenin, quercetin, myricetin, resveratrol, epigallocatechin gallate, riboflavin, and folic acid, which have shown promise in inhibiting cancer cell proliferation and metastasis. These compounds have been reported to downregulate the activity and/or expression of MMP-2 and MMP-9, thus potentially suppressing tumor progression. However, excessive alcohol consumption can lead to addiction and elevate the risk of various health complications, including fatty liver disease, cardiovascular damage, stroke, and kidney failure. Despite these concerns, moderate wine consumption has been associated with potential anticancer properties by restricting tumor growth and metastasis. In this review, we summarize and discuss how bioactive molecules in wine regulate MMP-2 and MMP-9 through bioactive compounds derived from wine and explore their implications for cancer treatment.
... According to Liang and Kitts (2016), chlorogenic acid has been identified as a potent antioxidant. Barzegar (2016) noted myricetin as one of the most significant flavonoids in food with the highest antioxidant activity. In addition, both extracts contain bioactive compounds that offer not only antioxidants but also other biological activities, such as gallic acid, caffeic acid, protocatechuic acid, and sinapic acid, reported to demonstrate properties that fight inflammation, cancer, tumors, mutations, and it also protects the nervous system and has antibacterial effects (Chen, 2016;Sato et al., 2011). ...
Crossandra infundibuliformis and Justicia betonica, belonging to the Acanthaceae family, are well-known medicinal herbs in India, Sri Lanka, and Thailand. This study aims to determine antioxidant activity in extracts, including sensory evaluation of herbal tea products from both herbs. Leaf extracts were taken to determine total extractable phenolic content (TPC), total extractable flavonoid content (TFC), and antioxidant activity, including compound contents, using the high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) technique. The herbal tea products were prepared for sensory evaluation using the 9-point hedonic scale. The selected tea formula was studied for physicochemical properties and nutritional value. The results showed that C. infundibuliformis extract exhibited a higher activity value for TPC, TFC, and antioxidant activity than J. betonica. Moreover, the C. infundibuliformis and J. betonica leaf extracts contained 8 and 9 types of phenolic and flavonoid compounds, respectively. The T2 formula of herbal tea provided the highest sensory evaluation. It showed moisture and water activity contents of less than 7% and 0.6, while the nutritional value provided energy, protein, carbohydrates, sugar, vitamins A and B2, sodium, β-carotene, calcium, iron, and ash. Therefore, C. infundibuliformis and J. betonica can be produced as herbal tea for being a source of antioxidants.
... The protective capacity of MRC on hepatic dysfunction has been observed in various hepatotoxic conditions (Bhatt et al., 2022;Yang et al., 2022). This research confirmed that MRC attenuated hepatic weakening by promoting antioxidative status (Barzegar, 2016). The antioxidative response is the primary cellular defense mechanism against various biotic and abiotic factors such as ARS toxicity. ...
... Previous studies have also reported similar effects of MRC on antioxidant enzymes. The antioxidative properties of MRC are attributed to its ability to facilitate H elimination, inhibit oxygen reduction, and enhance solubility (Barzegar, 2016). MRC is a potent inhibitor of iron-induced lipid peroxidation in rat liver (Flora et al., 2005). ...
Background
Arsenic (ARS) is a toxic heavy metal that poses a significant concern for both animal and human health.
Aim
The study investigated the ameliorative effect of myricetin (MRC) against arsenic-induced immune dysfunction, oxidative stress, hematological changes, hepatic and renal injuries, and inflammatory gene expression in rats.
Methods
Rats were divided into 4 groups: the control group (CON) received orally administered distilled water (1 ml/rat), and the ARS group received 10 mg/kg orally, the MRC group received 5 mg of MRC/kg orally, and the co-treated group (ARS+MRC) received 10 mg/kg of ARS and 5 mg/kg b.w. of MRC orally.
Results
The results showed that co-treatment of ARS-exposed rats with MRC significantly corrected erythrocyte parameters (except MCV) and leukocyte parameters (except basophils; p < 0.05). Furthermore, the ARS group significantly reduced total proteins and globulins while significantly increasing liver functions and uric acid levels (p < 0.05). Co-administration with MRC significantly mitigated the heart indices (gamma-glutamyl transferase, creatine phosphokinase, CK, lactate dehydrogenase) and lipid dysfunction caused by ARS exposure (p < 0.05). In ARS-exposed rats, there was a significant reduction in antioxidant enzymes and immunoglobulins (IgG and IgM), as well as significantly increased oxidative stress (p < 0.05). The MRC treatment effectively restored the redox status and immune variables that were disrupted by ARS exposure. Serum levels of nitric acid and lysosome were significantly lower, while levels of IL-4, TNF-α, and IFN-γ were higher in the ARS group compared to the other groups (p < 0.05). Immunohistopathology revealed that the expression of Cox2 in kidney and liver tissues varied from mild to moderate in the ARS+MRC group. Furthermore, the ARS-induced upregulation of mRNA levels of inflammatory genes such as IFN-γ, TNF-α, IL-10, and IL-6 in hepatic tissues and MRC significantly attenuated this elevation. These findings suggest that ARS has detrimental effects on blood hematology and health, triggering specific inflammatory genes and indicating the genotoxicity of ARS. However, co-treatment with MYC can mitigate these negative effects.
Conclusion
MRC exhibits a significant protective effect against ARS due to its anti-inflammatory and antioxidant properties.
... Okoko & Diepreye (2012) stated that quercetin content in papaya leaves can activate the transcription factor nuclear factorerythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2) resulting in an increase in superoxide dismutase (SOD) gene expression which in turn stimulates the endogenous antioxidant system in the body and protects blood cells from oxidative damage. Barzegar (2016) stated that myricetin content in papaya leaves can stop oxidation chain reactions by donating electrons from myricetin hydroxyl groups to free radicals or reactive oxygen species (ROS) so as to protect cells from oxidative damage. ...
Cigarette smoke is a source of exogenous free radicals that can affect the blood. Calina Papaya leaves contain secondary metabolites that act as antioxidants. The purpose of the study was to analyze the antioxidant activity of ethanol extract of Calina Papaya leaves using DPPH method and to analyze the difference in red blood profile of wistar rats exposed to cigarette smoke after administration of Calina Papaya Leaves Ethanol Extract (CPLEE). The research method used 24 wistar rats with oral administration of CPLEE for 23 days and exposure to cigarette smoke for 15 days. There are 4 treatments, namely rats not exposed to cigarette smoke and given distilled water (K), rats exposed to cigarette smoke (KN), rats given CPLEE 100 mg/Kg BW then exposed to cigarette smoke (P1) and rats given CPLEE 200 mg/Kg BW then exposed to cigarette smoke (P2). Parameters observed were red blood profile (erythrocyte number, hemoglobin, hematocrit, MCV, MCH, MCHC, RDW). Blood was collected through the orbital sinus and analyzed using a hematology analyzer. Data were analyzed using one way ANOVA and Duncan Multiple Range Test (P<0.05). The results showed the IC50 value of the extract was 1,194.1 ppm while ascorbic acid was 22.92 ppm. The number of erythrocytes, MCV, MCH and RDW showed significant differences between groups with the highest treatment in P1. The conclusion shows that the antioxidant activity of CPLEE is very weak compared to ascorbic acid but the red blood profile (erythrocytes, MCV, MCH, MCHC, RDW) in treatment P1 is higher than other treatments.
... Okoko & Diepreye (2012) stated that quercetin content in papaya leaves can activate the transcription factor nuclear factorerythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2) resulting in an increase in superoxide dismutase (SOD) gene expression which in turn stimulates the endogenous antioxidant system in the body and protects blood cells from oxidative damage. Barzegar (2016) stated that myricetin content in papaya leaves can stop oxidation chain reactions by donating electrons from myricetin hydroxyl groups to free radicals or reactive oxygen species (ROS) so as to protect cells from oxidative damage. ...
Cigarette smoke is a source of exogenous free radicals that can affect the blood. Calina Papaya leaves contain secondary metabolites that act as antioxidants. The purpose of the study was to analyze the antioxidant activity of ethanol extract of Calina Papaya leaves using DPPH method and to analyze the difference in red blood profile of wistar rats exposed to cigarette smoke after administration of Calina Papaya Leaves Ethanol Extract (CPLEE). The research method used 24 wistar rats with oral administration of CPLEE for 23 days and exposure to cigarette smoke for 15 days. There are 4 treatments, namely rats not exposed to cigarette smoke and given distilled water (K), rats exposed to cigarette smoke (KN), rats given CPLEE 100 mg/Kg BW then exposed to cigarette smoke (P1) and rats given CPLEE 200 mg/Kg BW then exposed to cigarette smoke (P2). Parameters observed were red blood profile (erythrocyte number, hemoglobin, hematocrit, MCV, MCH, MCHC, RDW). Blood was collected through the orbital sinus and analyzed using a hematology analyzer. Data were analyzed using one way ANOVA and Duncan Multiple Range Test (P<0.05). The results showed the IC50 value of the extract was 1,194.1 ppm while ascorbic acid was 22.92 ppm. The number of erythrocytes, MCV, MCH and RDW showed significant differences between groups with the highest treatment in P1. The conclusion shows that the antioxidant activity of CPLEE is very weak compared to ascorbic acid but the red blood profile (erythrocytes, MCV, MCH, MCHC, RDW) in treatment P1 is higher than other treatments.
... Данный флавоноид эффективно снижает образование супероксиданиона за счёт восстановленной формы фермента со значительно более высоким восстановительным потенциалом для пары флавинадениндинуклеотида -ФАДH/ ФАДH 2 [10]. Применение низкой концентрации М не только ингибирует внутриклеточные активные формы кислорода в клетках, но также защищает клетки от высокотоксичных и летальных эффектов перекисных соединений [11]. Исследования соотношения структура-антиоксидантная активность в отношении различных свободных радикалов позволили предположить, что о-дигидроксиструктура в кольце B, 3-гидроксигруппа и 2,3-двой ная связь в кольце C вносят наибольший вклад в антиоксидантную активность М [12]. ...
Polyphenolic compounds are widely represented in objects of plant origin and have diverse types of biological activity. Since ancient times, the beneficial effect of various galenic preparations on human health has been known, and they acted as almost the only source of treatment for various diseases and improvement of well-being. The major components of many herbal medicines are flavonoids, which are represented by both individual structures and related carbohydrate components. One of the widely represented flavonoids in plants is myricetin. This molecule belongs to one of the most hydroxylated compounds and has a wide range of therapeutic possibilities. This modern review summarizes the latest information on myricetin’s antioxidant, antidiabetic, anti-inflammatory, antiviral, neuroprotective, antitumor, hepatoprotective activity and its effect on the functioning of the cardiovascular system. From the latest results of studying the biological activity of myricetin, it is obvious that the polyphenolic compound is a promising substance for the prevention and complex therapy of various diseases. It should be noted that myricetin can be considered as a potential candidate for the targeted design of new substances with more pronounced pharmacological effects. In addition, the flavonoid finds application in various biologically active additives and food products, which expands the prospects of its research.
... Myricetin (Myr) is a polyphenolic flavonoid derived from berries, nuts, tea [9], and red wine [10], which is commonly used as a dietary supplement. Myr has been suggested to have a potent antioxidant property [11]. Various biological activities have also been ascribed to it, including antibacterial [12,13], anti-carcinogenic [14,15], and anti-inflammatory [16] activities. ...
... Also, in terms of intracellular migration, a previous study of DCF fluorescence changes in Human MCF-7 breast cancer cells showed that Myr could penetrate the plasma membrane into the cytoplasm easily. It was active in both the plasma membrane and intracellular, reducing membrane lipid peroxidation and intracellular ROS [11]. Thus, Myr which passes through the brain and also through neuronal cells has the potential to promote neuroprotective or prophylactic effects for multiple HMW-Aβo induced toxicities in AD brains. ...
Background
Excessive accumulation of amyloid β‐protein (Aβ) is one of the primary mechanisms that leads to neuronal death with phosphorylated tau in the pathogenesis of Alzheimer’s disease (AD). Protofibrils, one of the high‐molecular‐weight Aβ oligomers (HMW‐Aβo), are implicated to be important targets of disease modifying therapy of AD.
We previously reported that phenolic compounds such as myricetin inhibit Aβ1‐40, Aβ1‐42, and α‐synuclein aggregations, including their oligomerizations, which may exert protective effects against AD and Parkinson’s disease. The purpose of this study was to clarify the detailed mechanism of the protective effect of myricetin against the neurotoxicity of HMW‐Aβo in SH‐SY5Y cells.
Method
To assess the effect of myricetin on HMW‐Aβo‐induced oxidative stress, we systematically examined the level of membrane oxidative damage by measuring cell membrane lipid peroxidation, membrane fluidity, and cell membrane potential, and the mitochondrial oxidative damage was evaluated by mitochondrial permeability transition (MPT), mitochondrial reactive oxygen species (ROS), and manganese‐superoxide dismutase (Mn‐SOD), and adenosine triphosphate (ATP) assay in SH‐SY5Y cells.
Result
Myricetin has been found to increased cell viability by suppression of HMW‐Aβo‐induced membrane disruption in SH‐SY5Y cells, as shown in reducing membrane phospholipid peroxidation and increasing membrane fluidity and membrane resistance. Myricetin has also been found to suppress HMW‐Aβo‐induced mitochondria dysfunction, as demonstrated in decreasing MPT, Mn‐SOD, and ATP generation, raising mitochondrial membrane potential, and increasing mitochondrial‐ROS generation.
Conclusion
These results suggest that myricetin preventing HMW‐Aβo‐induced neurotoxicity through multiple antioxidant functions may be developed as a disease‐modifying agent against AD.
... Various experimental studies exhibited that natural products presented inhibitory potentials for cancer prevention via inhibiting proliferations, angiogenesis, cell migrations, induction of apoptosis, and arresting the cell cycle [12][13][14][15] Myricetin (3, 5, 7, 3′, 4′, 5′-hexahydroxyflavone), an important flavonoid and chiefly found in the glycoside form (O-glycosides) in fruits, vegetables, berries, nuts, herbs, plants, beverages and medicinal plants [16][17][18][19][20][21][22] (Figure 1). Previous finding supports the role of myricetin with antioxidant [23], anti-inflammatory [24] hepato-protective [25] and anti-diabetic potential in diseases management [26]. Moreover, its role in various types of cancer has been explained through modulation of various important cell-signaling molecules [27]. ...
... The most common sources of myricetin are fruits, vegetables, berries, nuts, as well as tea [33]. Previous finding supports the role of myricetin with antioxidant [23], anti-inflammatory [24] hepato-protective [25] and anti-diabetic potential in diseases management [26]. Moreover, its role in various types of cancer has been explained through modulation of various important cell-signaling molecules [27]. ...
Cancer is a major public health concern worldwide and main burden of the healthcare system. Regrettably, most of the currently used cancer treatment approaches such as targeted therapy, chemotherapy, radiotherapy and surgery usually cause adverse complications including hair loss, bone density loss, vomiting, anemia and other complications. However, to overcome these limitations, there is an urgent need to search for the alternative anticancer drugs with better efficacy as well as less adverse complications. Based on the scientific evidences, it is proven that naturally occurring antioxidants present in medicinal plants or their bioactive compounds might constitute a good therapeutic approach in diseases management including cancer. In this regard, myricetin, a polyhydroxy flavonol found in a several types of plants and its role in diseases management as anti-oxidant, anti-inflammatory and hepato-protective has been documented. Moreover, its role in cancer prevention has been noticed through modulation of angiogenesis, inflammation, cell cycle arrest and induction of apoptosis. Furthermore, myricetin plays a significant role in cancer prevention through the inhibition of inflammatory markers such as inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) and cyclooxygenase-2 (Cox-2). Moreover, myricetin increases the chemotherapeutic potential of other anticancer drugs through modulation of cell signaling molecules activity. This review elaborates the information of myricetin role in cancer management through modulating of various cell-signaling molecules based on in vivo and in vitro studies. In addition, synergistic effect with currently used anticancer drugs and approaches to improve bioavailability are described. The evidences collected in this review will help different researchers to comprehend the information about its safety aspects, effective dose for different cancers and implication in clinical trials. Moreover, different challenges need to be focused on engineering different nanoformulations of myricetin to overcome the poor bioavailability, loading capacity, targeted delivery and premature release of this compound. Furthermore, some more derivatives of myricetin need to be synthesized to check their anticancer potential.
... Regarding antioxidant characteristics, the low concentration of myricetin inhibits the synthesis of reactive oxygen species and shields cells from the cytotoxic action of peroxide molecules. (Barzegar 2016;Taheri et al. 2020). In a dose-dependent manner, myricetin suppressed the activity of XOD up to 50% at a concentration of (8.66 ± 0.03) × 10 -6 molL -1 showed that myricetin could inhibit the synthesis of superoxide anion (Zhang et al. 2017). ...
The globe is currently confronting a global fight against the deadliest cancer sickness. Chemotherapy, hormonal therapy, surgery, and radiation therapy are among cancer treatment options. Still, these treatments can induce patient side effects, including recurrence, multidrug resistance, fever, and weakness. As a result, the scientific community is always working on natural phytochemical substances. Numerous phytochemical compounds, including taxol analogues, vinca alkaloids such as vincristine and vinblastine, and podophyllotoxin analogues, are currently undergoing testing and have shown promising results against a number of the deadliest diseases, as well as considerable advantages due to their safety and low cost. According to research, secondary plant metabolites such as myricetin, a flavonoid in berries, herbs, and walnuts, have emerged as valuable bio-agents for cancer prevention. Myricetin and its derivatives have antiinflammatory, anticancer, apoptosis-inducing, and anticarcinogenic properties and can prevent cancer cell proliferation. Multiple studies have found that myricetin has anticancer characteristics in various malignancies, including colon, breast, prostate, bladder, and pancreatic cancers. Current knowledge of the anticancer effects of myricetin reveals its promise as a potentially bioactive chemical produced from plants for the prevention and treatment of cancer. This review aimed to study the numerous bioactivities, modes of action, and modifications of several cellular processes that myricetin possesses to impede the spread of cancer cells. This review also addresses the challenges and future prospects of using myricetin as an anticancer drug.
... Regarding antioxidant characteristics, the low concentration of myricetin inhibits the synthesis of reactive oxygen species and shields cells from the cytotoxic action of peroxide molecules. (Barzegar 2016;Taheri et al. 2020). In a dose-dependent manner, myricetin suppressed the activity of XOD up to 50% at a concentration of (8.66 ± 0.03) × 10 -6 molL -1 showed that myricetin could inhibit the synthesis of superoxide anion (Zhang et al. 2017). ...
The globe is currently confronting a global fight against the deadliest cancer sickness. Chemotherapy, hormonal therapy, surgery, and radiation therapy are among cancer treatment options. Still, these treatments can induce patient side effects, including recurrence, multidrug resistance, fever, and weakness. As a result, the scientific community is always working on natural phytochemical substances. Numerous phytochemical compounds, including taxol analogues, vinca alkaloids such as vincristine and vinblastine, and podophyllotoxin analogues, are currently undergoing testing and have shown promising results against a number of the deadliest diseases, as well as considerable advantages due to their safety and low cost. According to research, secondary plant metabolites such as myricetin, a flavonoid in berries, herbs, and walnuts, have emerged as valuable bio-agents for cancer prevention. Myricetin and its derivatives have antiinflammatory, anticancer, apoptosis-inducing, and anticarcinogenic properties and can prevent cancer cell proliferation. Multiple studies have found that myricetin has anticancer characteristics in various malignancies, including colon, breast, prostate, bladder, and pancreatic cancers. Current knowledge of the anticancer effects of myricetin reveals its promise as a potentially bioactive chemical produced from plants for the prevention and treatment of cancer. This review aimed to study the numerous bioactivities, mode of action, and modification of several cellular processes that myricetin possesses to impede the spread of cancer cells. This review also addresses the challenges and future prospects of using myricetin as a anticancer drug.
Graphical Abstract
