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The leaves and stems of Tinospora crispa
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Tinospora crispa Miers (Menispermaceae) is a climbing vine with stems rich in warts. The plant is called Akar Seruntum or Patawali in Malaysia and is widely used for treating skin complaints, malaria, bacterial abscess, high blood pressure and diabetes. In the present study, the stems of T. crispa were collected from the locality and succesively ex...
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Introduction: Cirunakappu is the regional name of Cinnamomum wightii (flower bud) which is also known as Nagakesaram in Tamil. The flower bud of C. wightii is used in many Siddha formulations. The aim of this communication is to identify the phytoconstituents of few column chromatographic fractions of the ethanolic extract of Cirunakappu through ga...
Docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) was isolated from fish oil and identified by gas chromatography. The isolation of DHA was carried out by the column chromatography. The preparation of column using silica gel 60-120 mesh and elution of column with different solvent in increasing order of polarity was performed. Isolated fractions were subjected to identif...
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... The crude dichloromethane extract of the aerial parts of Euphorbia retusa was subjected to repeated column chromatography and gave two new tetracyclic triterpene-type tirucallane 1a and 1b along with nine known secondary metabolites including six triterpenoids 2-7 and three phenylpropanoid derivatives 8-10 (Fig. 1). The known compounds were identified as euphol 2 (Oliveira Silva et al., 2018), cycloartenol 3 (Teresa et al., 1987), 24-methylenecycloartanol 4 (Haba et al., 2007), 24-methylenecycloartanyl acetate 5 (Teresa et al., 1987), 24-methylenecycloartanyl palmitate 6 (Saif-Eldin, 1994), β-sitosterol 7 (Lan et al., 2020), n-tetracosyl trans-ferulate 8 (Bakhari et al., 2019), n-hexacosyl trans-ferulate 9 (Abbas et al., 2004) and n-octacosyl trans-ferulate 10 (Liu et al., 2001), by comparison of their NMR spectra and values of [α] D with published data. ...
Chemical characterization of the dichloromethane extract of Euphorbia retusa aerial parts by chromatographic methods afforded an inseparable mixture of two new tirucallane-type triterpenoids namely (3β, 24S)-and (3β, 24R)-tirucalla-7,25-diene-3,24-diol (1a and 1b) respectively, together with nine known compounds including six triterpenoids and three phenylpropanoids. Their structures were established on the basis of spectroscopic analyses , including 1D-and 2D-homo-and heteronuclear NMR experiments and mass spectrometry, as well as comparison with data from related compounds. The chemotaxonomic aspects were also discussed.
... Stems (Choudhary et al. 2010a) 46 N-acetylnornuciferine Stems (Pachaly et al. 1992;Bakhari et al. 2005Bakhari et al. , 2013Lin 2009) 47 N-demethyl-N- Enzyme inhibitory assay (Hamid et al. 2015) 63 N-cis-feruloyltyramine ...
... Alkaloids reported from T. crispa mostly originated from the structural extension of the basic isoquinoline skeleton. Thirteen aporphine alkaloids (39-51) have been isolated from different parts of T. crispa ( Fig. 3) (Pachaly et al. 1992;Bakhari et al. 2005Bakhari et al. , 2013Sunthikawinsakul 2005;Imphanban et al. 2009;Choudhary et al. 2010a;Hamid 2013;Yusoff et al. 2014;Hamid et al. 2015;Ahmad et al. 2018;Parveen et al. 2019). Five protoberberine-type alkaloids (52-56) have also been reported (Yusoff et al. 2014;Hamid et al. 2015Hamid et al. , 2021Syarifah et al. 2017;Rahman et al. 2020). ...
Tinospora crispa (L.) Hook. f. & Thomson (Menispermaceae) is a plant indigenous to Africa and South-East Asia. It is widely used in ethnomedicine to alleviate various diseases including hypertension, diabetes, rheumatism, jaundice, inflammation, fever, fractures, scabies, and urinary disorders. A total of 167 phytoconstituents, belonging to 12 different chemical categories, including alkaloids, flavonoids, terpenoids, and phenolic compounds have thus far been isolated from various parts of T. crispa. Numerous in vitro and in vivo investigations have already established the antidiabetic, anticancer, antiparasitic, antimicrobial, immunomodulatory, hepatoprotective, analgesic, antipyretic, antihyperuricemic, and pesticidal activity of this plant, as well as its effects on the cardiac and the central nervous system. Most pharmacological investigations to date have been carried out on plant extracts and fractions. The exact identity of the phytoconstituents responsible for the observed biological effects and their mode of action at the molecular level are yet to be ascertained. Toxicological studies have demonstrated that T. crispa is relatively safe, although dose-dependent hepatotoxicity is a concern at high doses. This review presents a comprehensive update and analysis on studies related to the ethnomedicinal uses, phytochemistry, pharmacological activity and toxicological profile of T. crispa. It provides some critical insights into the current scientific knowledge on this plant and its future potential in pharmaceutical research.
A new alkaloid, 2-acetyl-4-methoxyfuro[2,3-b]quinoline (1), and a new benzaldehyde derivative, (2'S)-4-(2'-hydroxy-3'-methyl-3'-butenoxy)benzaldehyde (2), were isolated from the twig of Zanthoxylum rhetsa (Roxb.) DC. along with twenty-six known compounds (3-28). Their structures were determined by spectroscopic analysis (1D and 2D NMR spectroscopy and HRMS analysis) and comparison with data reported in the literature. Thirteen of the known compounds were evaluated for their cytotoxic activities against human cancer cell lines that included MDA-MB-231, SW1353, A549, and HCT116. (±)-8-Acetonyldihydronitidine (15) showed moderate cytotoxicity toward the SW1353 cancer cell line with an IC50 value of 18.90±0.39 µg/mL, and exhibited weak cytotoxic activity against MDA-MB-231, A549 and HCT116 cell lines with IC50 values of 49.86-71.32 µg/mL.
