Table 2 - uploaded by Arnold G Nelson
Content may be subject to copyright.
The effect of light treatments on heart rate (HR) (mean AE SD).
Source publication
Background
Since it has been shown that spending 18 h under dim light conditions can result in reduced handgrip endurance, it was questioned whether or not a shorter exposure to dim light (i.e., 1 h) would have similar influence upon muscular endurance. Therefore this study compared the number of weighted knee extension lifts that could be done aft...
Context in source publication
Similar publications
Citations
... Melatonin is an indoleamine produced by the pineal gland in humans (Ackermann and Stehle, 2006;Arendt, 2006;Zawilska et al., 2006). Its regulation is impacted by dark-light and both seasonal, and lunar cycles (Arendt and Broadway, 1987;Dergaa et al., 2019;Dergaa et al., 2021b;, Nelson et al., 2015). Melatonin secretion decreases progressively with advancing age, resulting in a reduction in sleep duration (Iguchi et al., 1982). ...
This short review aimed at (i) providing an update on the health benefits associated with melatonin supplementation, while (ii) considering future potential research directions concerning melatonin supplementation use relative to Coronavirus disease of 2019 (COVID-19). A narrative review of the literature was undertaken to ascertain the effect of exogenous melatonin administration on humans. Night-time melatonin administration has a positive impact on human physiology and mental health. Indeed, melatonin (i) modulates the circadian components of the sleep-wake cycle; (ii) improves sleep efficiency and mood status; (iii) improves insulin sensitivity; and (iv) reduces inflammatory markers and oxidative stress. Melatonin has also remarkable neuroprotective and cardioprotective effects and may therefore prevent deterioration caused by COVID-19. We suggest that melatonin could be used as a potential therapy in the post-COVID-19 syndrome, and therefore call for action the research community to investigate on the potential use of exogenous melatonin to enhance the quality of life in patients with post-COVID-19 syndrome.
See also Figure 1(Fig. 1).
... Therefore, heart rate (HR) and blood pressure (BP) were obtained just prior to commencing and immediately after each set to failure. HR and BP were measured using an automated device (Omron BP710, Omron Healthcare Inc., Bannockburn, IL, USA) which had previously been shown to provide reliable and accurate values (17). Since HR and BP vary with work volume, for analysis the post-RPPs were normalized by dividing the RPP by the total weight lifted in each respective lift. ...
International Journal of Exercise Science 13(2): 744-754, 2020. Supplements are widely used in recreational and professional participants; however, their claimed benefits are hardly to test. This study compared the total lifted numbers and post-exercise estimated MVO2 while subjects were treated with either Muscle Sentry® (MS) or placebo (PL), in a 7-day washout period. Participants (11 women, 10 men, 20-24 years) performed 3 sets to failure chest and leg press exercises at 8 RM with 2 min rest between sets. Each exercise was performed four times (2 × MS, 2 × PL) at the same time of the day separated by 48 h. The supplementation was ingested 40 min prior to perform the exercise. Prior to the exercise and immediately after each set, both HR and BP were obtained. The rate pressure product (RPP) was then calculated to determine estimated MVO2. Daily RPP and total weight lifted (chest + leg) for each supplementation were averaged. Normalized RPP was the ratio of averaged RPP and averaged total weight lifted. No treatment effect on chest, leg and total lift numbers, normalized post RPP (NPRPP), normalized RPPdiff (NRPPdiff) (p=0.94, 0.86, 0.87, 0.87, 0.43 respectively); No treatment effect on total lift numbers, NPRPP, NRPPdiff for gender (p=0.87, 0.95, 0.96 respectively). Ingestion of Muscle Sentry® 40 min prior to do 3 sets to failure of both chest and leg presses had no effect upon either total lift numbers or estimated MVO2. This suggests that, in some instances, the benefits of Muscle Sentry® are less than those claimed by the manufacturer.
... These results are used as an indicator to measure the power of the leg. The higher the jump, the greater the leg power (Feeney et al., 2016(Feeney et al., , 2016Arnold, Joke, & Megan, 2015). Along with technological advances in the sport, especially in the field of test and measurement, various tests and measurements of leg power have been developed and mass produced. ...
Auto technology is a new breakthrough in developing devices related to sports enhancement. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to develop a device based on ultrasonic sensor using a liquid crystal display to maximise leg power. The components of the new device are a microcontroller ATMEGA-328, liquid crystal display and HC-SR04 ultrasonic sensor. The study was conducted in the laboratory of sport science, faculty of sport and health education, Indonesia University of Education. Ten students from Sport Science study program were recruited as samples. A prototype of maximal leg power measurement device was invented and results showed that there were no significant differences between auto and manual testing. However, the device can be used to determine maximal leg power more accurately, easily and effectively.
... Therefore, heart rate (HR) and blood pressure (BP) were obtained just prior to commencing and immediately after each set to failure. HR and BP were measured using an automated device (Omron BP710, Omron Healthcare Inc., Bannockburn, IL, USA) which had previously been shown to provide reliable and accurate values (17). Since HR and BP vary with work volume, for analysis the post-RPPs were normalized by dividing the RPP by the total weight lifted in each respective lift. ...
Muscle Sentry® is an exercise supplement that its manufacturer claims will give a person "gains in stamina and endurance, and increased cardiovascular efficiency" in both aerobic and anaerobic work. However, data concerning Muscle Sentry®’s influence on increased endurance and cardiovascular efficiency are only based on increases in VO2max. Actual changes in performance and cardiac work (i.e. heart VO2) have not been reported. Purpose: This study compared the total weight lifted and post-exercise estimated cardiac VO2 while on either Muscle Sentry® (MS) or placebo (PL). Method: Participants (11 women, 10 men, college students 20-24 years) performed 3 sets to failure of both chest and leg press using a load equal to their eight repetition maximum with 1 min rest separating each set. Each exercise was performed four times (2x MS, 2x PL) at the same time of day with 48 h separating each exercise. Both MS and PL were ingested 30 min prior to performing the exercise. Just prior to starting the exercise and immediately at the end of each set, both heart rate and blood pressure were obtained. The rate pressure product (RPP) was then calculated to determine estimated cardiac VO2. Daily RPP and total weight lifted (chest+leg) for each supplementation were averaged together, and each average final RPP was divided by the total weight lifted to obtain a normalized value. Results: Paired t-tests for total weight lifted (mean ± std. dev.: MS= 58334 ± 27213 N, PL= 59013 ± 28240 N) showed no significance between MS and PL. In addition, the adjusted RPP (MS= 0.308 ± 0.127, PL= 0.316 ± 0.135) was not significantly different. Conclusion: Ingestion of Muscle Sentry® 30 min prior to doing 3 sets to failure of both chest and leg presses had no effect upon either total work lifted or estimated cardiac VO2. This suggests that, in some instances, the benefits of Muscle Sentry® are less than those claimed by the manufacturer.
... The authors concluded that visual input was not required to perform this exercise mode. However, these results were counterintuitive, as the darkness is expected to negatively affect physical performance; individuals may feel lower alertness and subjective exercise tolerance in the absence of light [4]. From a mechanistic perspective, light deprivation may negatively affect physical performance due to a slowing of the motor cortices activation and arousal [5,6], perhaps as a result of the reduced connection between prefrontal cortex and hypothalamus, triggered by the retina of eyes in the absence of light [7][8][9]10]. ...
This study compared the number of bilateral leg presses done at 150% of body mass while on either Muscle Sentry® (MS) or placebo (PL). Participants (16 women, 14 men, college students 19–26 years) performed 2 sets of leg press to failure using 150% of their body mass with 5 min rest separating the 2 sets. Each exercise was performed twice (1× MS, 1× PL) at the same time of day with 48 h separating each exercise. Both MS and PL were ingested 30 min prior to performing the exercise. Just prior to starting the exercise and at the end of each set, heart rate, and blood pressure were obtained and the rate pressure product was calculated to determine myocardial workload. Two-way repeated measures ANOVA for lift number showed no significant main effects for either MS vs. PL, or for Set1 vs. Set2 (p > 0.05). The interaction was also not statistically different (mean repetitions ± std. dev.: MS1= 28±20, MS2= 26±18, PL1 = 30±24, PL2 = 29±20). Two-way repeated measures ANOVA for rate pressure product showed no significance for either the main effect for MS vs. PL, or supplement × pre-post interaction (p > 0.05). The main effect for pre-lift vs. post lift was significant (p<0.001) with post being higher than pre. Ingestion of Muscle Sentry® 30 min prior to leg pressing 150% of body mass to failure had no effect upon either total work performance or myocardial workload.
