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The effect of Tribulus terrestris (TT) on estrogen levels in control and addicted groups. Bars depict mean ± SEM of LH. * and $; P<0.05 compared between the control and treated control groups.
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Background:
Opioids can exert adverse effects on the body. Morphine, an opioid drug, reduces hormone levels and fertility, and causes sexual activity disorders. Tribulus terrestris (TT) is a traditional herbal medicine used to enhance sexual activities. This study investigates the possible role of TT on sex hormones and gonadotropins with the inte...
Citations
... Root: root is 7-18 cm long and 0.3-0.7 cm in diameter, the root is slender and cylindrical, fibrous and often branched, through which numerous roots are present. [ 23]. The root is woody and yellow to light brown in color, with a rough surface due to small nodules. ...
Background: For 80% of the world's population, traditional medicine remains the main form of health care. Ayurveda uses TT, also called gokharu, for its anti-inflammatory, aphrodisiac and diuretic effects. It is found in tropical climates and grows well in dry, sandy soils. Although it is widely used, more research is needed to minimize toxicological risks and demonstrate its full therapeutic potential. Objective: The primary objective is Evaluating how well Tribulus Terrestris extract relieves sexual dysfunction, such as erectile dysfunction and female sexual arousal disorders, was the main goal. The study additionally aimed to evaluate the effect of Tribulus Terrestris extract on quality of life, which includes social, psychological, and physical well-being.
... T.T. influences metabolism and weight since it contains several ingredients like carbs, glycosides and ascorbic acid [8]. Because it contained 55% furostanol saponins [9]. A number of Tribulus phytochemicals including flavonoid, tannin, and phenolic acids have antioxidant properties, which can prevent oxidative stress, inflammation, apoptosis and the development of a number of illnesses mentioned above [10]. ...
The purpose of the current study was to determine the impact supplementing powdered Tribulus terrestris ( T.T .) seeds on the Red Blood Cells (RBCs) and white blood cells (WBCs) number and hemoglobin (HB), total protein (TP), triglyceride (TG), albumin (ALB) and globulin (GLOB)} levels in the blood, and concentration of follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH), luteinizing hormone (LH) and Testosterone in Awassi lambs. In this study, 32 male Awassi lambs 8-month-old were randomly divided into two groups (each group contains 16 animals). The first group (T1) was given a basal ration plus 3 grams of powdered T.T . seeds per animal per day, while the second group (T2) was given a basal ration only. The period of study was two months. The results revealed that there was a significant effect (P ≤0.05) for (T1) on (T2) in the number of RBCs and HB concentration, also, the results showed that T1greater than T2 in FSH, LH and testosterone concentrations in the blood.
... The shortlisted studies included five human clinical trials evaluating the therapeutic effect [10,25,27,33,34], of which two were randomized trials [25,27] and three were nonrandomized trials [10,33,34]. Five animal studies evaluated the preventive effect of TT against various fertility-compromising agents [35][36][37][38][39], ten evaluated the therapeutic effect of TT in model organisms [9,11,15,18,[40][41][42][43][44][45], and eighteen studies administered TT in normal animals to evaluate improvements in semen parameters, hormone levels, and its aphrodisiac effect [9,16,17,20,36,37,39,40,42,43,[45][46][47][48][49][50][51][52] (Table 2). ...
... The shortlisted studies included five human clinical trials evaluating the therapeutic effect [10,25,27,33,34], of which two were randomized trials [25,27] and three were nonrandomized trials [10,33,34]. Five animal studies evaluated the preventive effect of TT against various fertility-compromising agents [35][36][37][38][39], ten evaluated the therapeutic effect of TT in model organisms [9,11,15,18,[40][41][42][43][44][45], and eighteen studies administered TT in normal animals to evaluate improvements in semen parameters, hormone levels, and its aphrodisiac effect [9,16,17,20,36,37,39,40,42,43,[45][46][47][48][49][50][51][52] (Table 2). ...
... TT in these studies was administered either afterwards to evaluate the therapeutic effect or along with the method of model creation to investigate the prophylactic effect. Nine studies with seventeen datasets had administered TT in therapeutic mode in animal models of infertility generated by various means [9,11,18,[40][41][42][43][44][45]. The data across these studies were heterogenous (Q = 183:855, I 2 = 91:298, p = 0:001), favoring the random effects model. ...
Tribulus terrestris L. (TT) is a traditional medicinal plant, which belongs to the Zygophyllaceae family. TT extracts have been widely used for diuretic, analeptic, aphrodisiac, and profertility properties. To quantitatively evaluate the profertility and aphrodisiac effects of Tribulus terrestris L., we undertook the present meta-analyses on published data. A thorough literature screening was performed to identify articles evaluating the effect of TT on spermatogenesis, male fertility, reproductive, and aphrodisiac parameters. We shortlisted 30 relevant studies conducted on humans and rodents. Meta-analyses were conducted to evaluate the quantitative impact of TT on various fertility parameters. In case of humans, the pooled analysis on 133 subjects showed significant improvements in sperm concentration (SDM = 0:624, 95% CI = 0:13 to 1.117, p = 0:013) and sperm motility (SDM = 0:742, 95% CI = 0:331 to 1.152, p = 0:001). TT resulted in nonsignificant increases in testosterone and LH and a nonsignificant decrease in FSH. Similar to the above, TT improved sperm count, sperm motility, and sperm viability in rodents with normal or compromised fertility. The effect on hormone levels was less credible with frequent variations across studies and animal models. The aphrodisiac activity was studied in castrated animal models or normal rodents, both of which showed significant improvements in mounting frequency and intromission frequency and significant declines in mounting latency and intromission latency. These meta-analyses suggested that TT possesses profertility and aphrodisiac activities.
... Similar results were also reported by other researchers who investigated the impact of TT supplement in trained athletes [16,24,27]. Likewise, short-term administration of TT to intact male rats did not change testosterone concentrations during a 4-week period [9,17]. ...
Study aim : To investigate the effect of a 2-week supplementation with Tribulus terrestris L. ( TT ) on the responses of testosterone, cortisol, and thyroid hormones including triiodothyronine (T3) and thyroxine (T4) following an intensive session of resistance exercise (RE).
Materials and methods : Twenty-two healthy non-athlete men (23.8 ± 3.1 years) participated in this study were divided into two groups and were randomly assigned to receive either TT supplementation (n = 11) or a placebo (n = 11). They consumed two 250-mg capsules with TT or placebo (maltodextrin) per day and performed six REs with the intensity 80-90% of 1RM on the fifteen day of the experiment. Venous blood samples were drawn before supplementation, and before and after the RE session.
Results : The mean values of post-exercise testosterone and cortisol in both groups were significantly higher than pre-exercise and baseline ( p < 0.01); however, there were no significant differences between the groups ( p > 0.05). Likewise, despite a trend toward different levels of the responses of thyroid hormones with TT supplementation, there were no significant differences either in different time points or the groups ( p > 0.05).
Conclusions : Short-term supplementation with TT appears to be ineffective in changing the hormonal responses measured in this study following a session of high-intensity RE.
... Nos estudos realizados por Gauthaman e Ganesan19 e por Ghosian-Moghaddam et al. 20 que avaliavam a disfunção erétil, utilizando animais como ratos, coelhos e primatas, a TT proporcionou um aumento nos níveis de LH (Hormônio Luteinizante), testosterona e seus derivados. Entretanto, pesquisas feitas com humanos para avaliar a força muscular e composição corporal não tiveram resultados tão satisfatórios 18,21 . ...
Objetivo: O presente trabalho tem como finalidade investigar os estudos realizados na literatura, buscando evidências científicas que corroborem o uso dos fitoterápicos citados, com ação anabolizante, atestando seus riscos e benefícios.Método: Trata-se de uma revisão integrativa, utilizando o método PRISMA (Principais Itens para Relatar Revisões Sistemáticas e Meta-análise) como exemplo, onde foram buscados nas bases de dados estudos clínicos em animais e humanos.Resultados e discussão: Verificando as informações obtidas, observou-se que alguns fitoterápicos obtiveram efeito ergogênico positivo elevando os níveis de testosterona livre e força muscular, mas não induziram o aumento de massa corporal magra. Também houve aumento na libido, motilidade e qualidade de esperma, bem como outros efeitos benéficos a saúde. Conclusão: Desta forma, não possuem estudos conclusivos que comprovem a efetividade dos mesmos para o aumento de massa muscular decorrente da indução de produção de testosterona. Mucuna pruriens e Eurycoma longifolia (long jack) obtiveram os melhores resultados no que diz respeito ao efeito ergogênico e testosterona sérica, ainda assim mais ensaios clínicos em humanos são necessários para comprovar sua completa incontestabilidade.
... [18] It is believed to increase the LH centrally and thus increases the testosterone level. [19] It further metabolized into androgen-like substances or stimulating the physiological transformation of testosterone into more active dihydrotestosterone. [20] TS in 750 mg/ day for three months reported to have no statistically significant effect in the levels of testosterone (total and free) and LH and semen parameters in a human trial. ...
Gynecomastia, a benign hypertrophy of male breast tissue is an issue with considerable discomfort
ranging from social embarrassment to the possibility of malignant transformation. The basic
pathophysiology being the decreased testosterone activity following an imbalance in estrogen
androgen ratio. Among the various causes for such manifestations, the commonest are Chronic
Liver Diseases (CLDs) and at times may be drug‑induced. Ayurveda considers such manifestations
under the dysfunctions of Shukra dhatu (~altered hormonal balance). Gynaecomastia with loss
of libido can be reported by patients with a history of CLDs owing to altered testosterone levels.
Here, a case of gynecomastia with underlying CLD and extra hepatic portal vein obstruction is
presented, who was managed with 1000 mg aqueous extract of Gokshura (Tribulus terrestris L.)
for three months. Good response in serum testosterone level and in reversing gynecomastia was
observed showing beneficial effect of the herb in managing the condition.
... W. somnifera, having active component like sitoindosides and withaferin A [7,8] , reduce lipid peroxidation by elevation of superoxide dismutase, free radical scavenging enzymes, catalase, and glutathione peroxidase levels [7] . The active component in T. terrestris is protodioscin, which improves semen quality by increasing androgen level and enhances ejaculation [9,10] . A. racemosus and M. pruriens contain active ingredients like shatavarin I-IV and mucunine, which have anti-oxidant and immunomodulatory activity [11,12] . ...
The objective of this study was to assess the acute oral toxicity of AV/SGB/27 (M/s Ayurvet Limited) in accordance with OECD-423 guideline. AV/SGB/27 is a herbal formulation for enhancing semen quality of livestock. Nine healthy and adult nulliparous nonpregnant Swiss albino female mice, weighing 24-28 g, were used in this study. After being given test material orally, the mice were examined for toxic effects and mortality. Changes in body weights, symptoms of toxicity, histological appearances of liver, kidney, and lungs, and biochemical parameters were used to assess the toxicity. No toxic effects or mortalities were noticed until the trial was completed, indicating that AV/SGB/27 is safe for oral consumption.
... Ghosian Moghaddam et al. 2013, Haghmorad et al. 2019, Salahshoor et al. 2020.Sahin et al. (2016) observed the stimulatory action of Tribulus extract on rat plasma testosterone, but not LH or FSH. Some studies showed the ability of Tribulus terrestris to increase dihydrotestosterone(Selgado et al. 2017) and testosterone(Sahin et al. 2016, Roaiah et al. 2017, Sellami et al. 2018, GamalEl Din 2019) levels in men's plasma. ...
... Some studies showed the ability of Tribulus terrestris to increase dihydrotestosterone(Selgado et al. 2017) and testosterone(Sahin et al. 2016, Roaiah et al. 2017, Sellami et al. 2018, GamalEl Din 2019) levels in men's plasma. Other studies however did not detect Tribulus terrestris influence on androgen release in rat(Martino-Andriade et al. 2010, Ghosian Moghaddam et al. 2013) or humans (Pokrywka et al. 2014, Neychev and Mitev, 2016, Santos et al. 2019, Kuchakulla et al. 2021 ...
Tribulus terrestris, L. (puncture vine) have been used as a folk medicine for five thousands of years, but its targets, effects, their mechanisms and application requires further studies. This paper reviews the provenance, constituents and properties of Tribulus terrestris, L., its general physiological and health effects, as well as the currently available knowledge concerning its influence on male and female reproductive processes and their dysfunctions. Analysis of the available publications demonstrated the influence of Tribulus terrestris on a wide spectrum of targets and physiological processe and disorders. In particular, Tribulus terrestris can be a stimulator of male and female reproductive processes at the level of central nervous system, sexual behaviour, pituitary and gonadal hormones and their receptors, gonadal functions (including ovarian follicullogenesis and spermatogenesis), improvement of the quality and quantity of gametes (at least of sperm) and fecundity. This ability of puncture vine is applicable for the improvement of man’s sexual desire and sperm quality in vivo and in vitro, as well as of women’s libido, activation of women’s reproductive organs, fecundity, and treatment of infertility, especially that related to the polycystic ovarian syndrome.
... Its mainly affected constituent is terrestrosin, which is primarily composed to steroid saponins [22,23,24]. Modern pharmacological research has demonstrated the effects of steroid saponins against tumours, cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases, senescence, and inflammation [25,26,27]. The significant anti-inflammatory effects of steroid saponins originate from the N-trans-q-caffeoyl tyramine structure [28]. ...
Atrazine is considered moderately toxic to aquatic animals. In the present study protective effect of Tribulus terrestris on hepatotoxicity in fresh water fish Oreochromis mossambicus, at sub lethal concentration of atrazine (16.5mg/l) exposure fish for 120h was studied. After completing the exposure time experiment were carried out to find the level of lipid peroxidation, reduced glutathione, superoxide dismutase, catalase and glutathione peroxides (LPO, GSH, GPx, SOD, and CAT) activities in liver tissues. The results showed increases LPO and decreased level of GSH, GPx, SOD, and CAT when compared to normal. During the recovery period Tribulus terrestris (1.2g/l) plant exposure drastically restored to the normal level when compared to atrazine treatment. Present investigation concluded that the Tribulus terrestris significantly alters the metabolic activity in liver tissues of atrazine exposed fishes.
... Also, the groups supplied with 100 mg ETT (ETT2) or 100 mg ETT + Se (ETT2+Se) showed the lowest levels of E 2 17β than the control and the other experimental groups. These results are in agreement with Mohammad et al. (2013) who recorded that treatment with TT can increase the hormones level of FT, P4, E 2 17β and LH. Antonio et al. (2000) recorded that the upswing in LH impact to a signal for testosterone to increase. ...
