Figure 1 - uploaded by Amelia Carolina Sparavigna
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– The Toshka Lakes as we can see in the time series of Google Earth: the Toshka depression in 1987 before they were created, the lakes as they were in 2000, and their rapidly shrinking (2007 and 2013). 

– The Toshka Lakes as we can see in the time series of Google Earth: the Toshka depression in 1987 before they were created, the lakes as they were in 2000, and their rapidly shrinking (2007 and 2013). 

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Toshka Lakes are lakes artificially created in the Sahara Desert of Egypt, by the water of the Nile, conveyed from the Nasser Lake through a canal in the Toshka Depression. From space, astronauts noticed the growing of a first lake, the easternmost one, in 1998. Then additional lakes grew in succession due west, the westernmost one between 2000 and...

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... we have previously discussed [11,12], the Google Earth satellite images, in particular its time series, are quite important for geophysics studies and applications, such as the analysis of moving sand dunes. Here, in the Figure 1 we can see four images ...

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... Based on the satellite-based modelling, the total inflow reached to Toshka depression was 7.8 BCM in the water year 2000-2001. In 2002, the surface water area started to shrink gradually, mainly caused due to evaporation losses and minimal recharge to the underlying aquifer (El-Shabrawy and Dumont 2009;Carolina Sparavigna 2013 A more recent filling of the Toshka depression has been observed since 2019. During this recent filling, the sequence of filling the lakes has changed as lake 1 was followed by lake 3 and then lake 2. This variation in the order of filling the lakes is natural due to changes in the topography of the region due to elevation of sills between the Toshka depressions leading to water flushing from the Toshka canal to the first lake and subsequently from it to the third lake as indicated in the study of Fassieh and Zaki (2014). ...
... ). According toCarolina Sparavigna 2013, the rate of losses is estimated at about 2.5 m/year for the period from 2002 to 2007. Later from 2014 to 2019, the lakes were almost empty, except for a slight storage in lake 4. ...
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